托福寫作中的潛臺詞

為了讓大家更好的準(zhǔn)備托福考試，小編給大家整理一些關(guān)于托?？荚囎魑牡男≈R,下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福寫作中的潛臺詞

1.You need to budget your time.

做一下時間上的安排

budget原意是“做預(yù)算”，這里就是說“做一下時間上的安排”

2.Put aside some time for ping pong.

預(yù)留一些時間

put aside原先和money搭配，比如：Put aside some money for your retirement. 表示“存錢”，這里的意思就是要“預(yù)留一些時間”

3.Is that worth your while?

這樣做，對你有好處嗎

while原意表示“一段時間”，這里意思就是說“這值得你去這樣做嗎?”或者說“這樣做，對你有好處嗎?”

4.Do you have much time left?

5.He's living on borrowed time.

他可能不久就要過世了。(大限已近)

托福獨立寫作開頭介紹

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一般來說，開篇段落的寫作可分為兩大步驟：

第一步就是用簡潔明了的句子對原題目的意思進行同義替換;

第二步是提出自己的觀點。

這兩大步驟細(xì)化起來可以概括為四句話：

第一句，采用同義替換的方式對原題目的意思進行更改，當(dāng)然是“形變神不變”;

第二句，對題目的意思進行解釋

第三句，提出自己的觀點;

第四句，概括自己所提出觀點的理由，引起下文。

下面我具體用一些客戶常犯的毛病題目來解釋這個“兩大步，四個句子”的具體運用方法。

案例1：誤解原意思

Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?

Original：

Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period. Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement. Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things. My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.

解析：

文章第一句話不是對原題目意思進行解釋，而是采用采取了和原意思相反的做法來進行題目詮釋;第二句表明自己對誤解題目的觀點;第三句話對自己的觀點進行近一步的解釋;第四句一個過渡性的句子。開篇內(nèi)容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了誤解原題目意思的錯誤導(dǎo)致后面整個文字都做了無用功。

改后：

When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly. Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time. Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy. To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors .Therefore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done . The reasons are as follow.

Revised：

第一句話對原題目意思進行了很好的詮釋;第二、三句話進一步解釋原題目;第四句話提出自己的觀點;第五句話過渡性句子引起下文。

案例2 ：語言羅嗦，繞彎子給出自己觀點，浪費時間

Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

original：

With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child. So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.

解析：

這個開頭看似沒有任何問題，但是仔細(xì)分析就會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多問題。首先，作者繞了個大彎才給出自己的觀點。其次，觀點是對原題目的抄寫，改動的比較少。最后，開篇缺少引起下文的過渡句。更大的錯誤是這個開頭更像是一個全文主要觀點的一個分論點。

Revised:

As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family. Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better. Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.

解析：

第一句話詮釋原題目意思;第二句話進一步解釋第一句話;第三句話提出自己的觀點;第四句話解釋自己的觀點，引出下文。

(living) on borrowed time或者be on borrowed time的意思就是說“很可能要失敗了或者說很可能要死了。”比如：The government is living on borrowed time. 這個政府可能馬上就要倒臺了。

6.You don't use your time profitably.

你沒有有效利用時間。

profitable原意是指“有利潤的;贏利的”

7.I lost a lot of time when I got sick.

8.Thank you for your time.

Personification 擬人

1.His theory explained to me the behaviors of chickens raised in factories.

2.This fact argues against the standard theories.

3.Life has cheated me.

4.Inflation is eating up our profits.

通貨膨脹把利潤都抵消了

Eat up原意是“吃完”的意思，這里就是“通貨膨脹把利潤都抵消了。”

5.His religion tells him that he cannot drink fine French wines.

6.The Michelson-Morley experiment gave birth to a new physical theory.

7.Cancer finally caught up with him.

這里的catch up with 表示 “對。。。產(chǎn)生影響”

8.Inflation has attacked the foundation of our economy.

9.Inflation has pinned us to the wall.

面對通貨膨脹，我們無能為力

10.Pin someone to something 原意指的是“使某人不能動彈，按住某人”，這里的意思就是說“面對通貨膨脹，我們無能為力?！?/p>

11.Our biggest enemy right now is inflation.

12.The dollar has been destroyed by inflation.

13.Inflation has robbed me of my savings.

14.Inflation has outwitted the best economic minds in the country.

即使這個國家最好的經(jīng)濟界的精英也無法對付通貨膨脹

Outwit指的是“(智力上)超過，勝過”，這里的意思就是說“即使這個國家最好的經(jīng)濟界的精英也無法對付通貨膨脹?！?/p>

15.Inflation has given birth to a money-minded generation.

托福寫作表示關(guān)系的連詞

1.增補(Addition)

in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more, similarly, next, finally.

2.比較(Comparison)

in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as

3.對照(Contrast)

whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while

4.因果(Cause and effect)

because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus

5.強調(diào)(Emphasis)

certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant

6.讓步(Concession)

although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....

7.例證(Exemplification)

for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.

8.總結(jié)(Conclusion)

to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary

9.推斷(Inference)

therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise

10.時間和空間(Time and space)

afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of

托福寫作考試的三個步驟

第一步：審題、確定托福立場、列出理由(只需要在草稿紙上用英文單詞或漢語列出各個理由，防止遺忘)，最少3分鐘最多5分鐘。要避免兩個極端：

a.用時太少，理由沒有想清楚就開始寫，不僅造成文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)不清，還會引起行文中頻繁的修正，欲速則不達(dá);

b.用時太多，不要追求一次思考就能把每一條理由及相關(guān)例證都想出來。其實想出兩條之后就可以動筆，各個理由的例證可以寫到該段時邊思考邊寫。這一點你不必懷疑，只要你的思維還是正常的，一定能做到。

第二步：托福正文寫作最少22分鐘最多26分鐘

a.各段寫作時，注意對段落的不同部分給予不同的重視。主題句給予最大重視，注意煉句，別說你不想寫主題句，主題句可以使讀者和筆者本人更清晰該段落寫什么。各段中支持性細(xì)節(jié)寫作不必遵循相同的模式。

有n種選擇可供參考：1.舉具體事例;2.說對方相對缺點;3.使用數(shù)據(jù);4.使用假想例子;5.使用類比、比喻、引用等修辭手段來論述。哪一種你最容易想出來，就用哪一種。

b.考前將文章開頭、結(jié)尾、例證、讓步等各種句型背熟練，并且練習(xí)和?？紩r把他們用熟，要象做完型填空一樣對待考場作文。別試圖在考場上再去臨時決定比如哪種開頭好，怎樣結(jié)尾好。使用自己選種的套話。

c.當(dāng)被告知還有5分鐘結(jié)束時，一般你應(yīng)該已經(jīng)寫到最后一條理由，或者已經(jīng)在做結(jié)尾。要確保文章有結(jié)尾段(不排除將它和最后一條理由的末段結(jié)合在一起的可能性)。

第三步：檢查需要1-3分鐘，有側(cè)重點地檢查

a.句法：確保每句話是完整的，有謂語，且簡單句只有一個謂語。

b.時態(tài)：文章絕大部分使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時;一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱要使用單數(shù);使用過去發(fā)生的事例時用的是過去時;c.主謂一致按此三步，持續(xù)練習(xí)5篇以上，可以確保時間問題。

如何在30分鐘行文的整個過程中保持書面整潔：

A、TWE要求必須用鉛筆寫作文，你要自己準(zhǔn)備好鉛筆和橡皮。橡皮要有韌性，太硬會擦破紙，有錯誤要擦干凈再改;

B、第一遍寫作時要求字跡不要太大也不要太小，通常一行寫10-12個左右單詞為宜。如果書法不好，可以在考前練習(xí)寫一下斜體的26個字母。

這3種簡單句式也可以寫出托福高分作文

1、there be句型

there be句型可以說是絕大部分同學(xué)或多或少寫過的句式。但很多同學(xué)寫作時很少想到去用這個句式，主要是因為老給考生使絆的“Chinglish思維方式”。Therebe的句型在寫作中極容易犯錯，比如：明天將會有很多重大新聞。有的考生想都不想地就寫成：Tomorrow will have many significant news. 這樣的句子就屬于較嚴(yán)重的語法錯誤，tomorrow能發(fā)出have這個動作嗎?肯定是不能的，所以主語并不是tomorrow。這里很明顯沒有可以發(fā)出“有“這個動作的主語，所以正確答案應(yīng)該是：There will be many significant news tomorrow. tomorrow 是典型的時間狀語，所以以后在there be的寫作中要注意可能出現(xiàn)的狀語和主語的混淆錯誤。

2、動名詞做主語

動詞一般不可以在句首做主語，但是如果把動詞加上ing，它就會變成“動名詞“，那么這個主語就“名正言順”了。語法書中定義：“動名詞，即是兼有名詞和動詞特征的非限定性動詞，可以做主語、定語、表語和賓語等?！?/p>

所以這樣表達(dá)最合適：

讀書是一門藝術(shù)：Reading is an art.

可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，動名詞做主語的句子所包含的意思真的不是針對哪一個或哪一類人，暗指的對象應(yīng)該是整個大眾，所以，使用動名詞開頭的句型不僅是在說理，而且還更加客觀、科學(xué)，是書面語的標(biāo)志。

3、代詞做主語

這種句型還是適用在找不到主語的情況下，但是情況要顯得更加復(fù)雜一些。例如：“現(xiàn)在對于很多老師來說處理學(xué)生的在校不恰當(dāng)行為并不是那么容易?！?/p>

句子看上去似乎很復(fù)雜，考生可能需要想很久、慢慢理清楚詞與詞之間的關(guān)系。其實，這時候有種很簡單的方法就可以輕松地解決問題。那就是如果句子里有形容詞，可以用這個句型來處理：“It is + adj. + for somebody to do sth.”