托福寫作結(jié)尾該怎么寫呢
為了讓大家更好的準(zhǔn)備托??荚?,小編給大家整理一些關(guān)于托福考試作文的小知識(shí),下面小編就和大家分享,來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
托福獨(dú)立寫作到底如何寫出一段完美的段尾呢?
一、 重申立場(chǎng)+總結(jié)理由
這種方法很容易理解,就是先陳述一下對(duì)于整篇文章的看法,表明中心論點(diǎn)。然后列出你的文章中來(lái)支撐中心論點(diǎn)的分論點(diǎn),這一步其實(shí)就是把文章前面的分論點(diǎn)的主題句進(jìn)行paraphrase(改述)。
比如這道托福寫作題目:
The most important aspect of a job is the money a person earns.
In conclusion, we can not live out money of our daily life in this modern society. When all things are considered, we have to admit that money is the most important aspect of a job. Since money can not only guarantee our basic material life but also ensure that we can solve problems with it timely when we have some accidents.
二、讓步+轉(zhuǎn)折(重申立場(chǎng))
托福寫作輔導(dǎo)提到讓步轉(zhuǎn)折就是先讓步承認(rèn)題目觀點(diǎn),然后在轉(zhuǎn)折提出題目的不足之處或者自己的建議。用這種方法的時(shí)候我們通常是認(rèn)為題目觀點(diǎn)過(guò)于絕對(duì)而反對(duì)題目觀點(diǎn)的。
如此一來(lái),如果我們反對(duì)題目觀點(diǎn),那么我們?cè)诮Y(jié)尾段就可以使用讓步轉(zhuǎn)折(重申自己的立場(chǎng))進(jìn)行結(jié)尾。
應(yīng)用到實(shí)際的題目中:
The only way for the government to promote energy conservation is to raise the price of gasoline and electricity.
Admittedly, we have to admit that raising the price of gasoline and electricity can reduce the usage amount, which will promote energy conservation, to some extend. However, it is not a effective and fundamental way to solve the problem entirely. We should figure out other effective ways, such as developing new energy and advertising environmental awareness.
三、 最后一種:重申立場(chǎng)+引申擴(kuò)展
其中, 引申擴(kuò)展可以包括:
1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)反對(duì)的立場(chǎng)帶來(lái)的嚴(yán)重后果。
2. 展望未來(lái)問(wèn)題的前景。
3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)自己觀點(diǎn)的重要性。
具體例題:
We should never be impolite in the modern society.
Being polite to others is not only a good virtue but also good opportunities for us to make new friends that will pay back us more benefits in the future. So, in most of cases, we should be polite to others. But if we are polite when violated or threatened by some bad men, the situation will just get worse.
托福獨(dú)立寫作:三種方法寫出“大氣“結(jié)尾
托福獨(dú)立寫作:三種方法寫出“大氣“結(jié)尾,相較于立論駁論,很多托??旧坪醪惶匾曂懈*?dú)立寫作結(jié)尾段寫作。但殊不知,一個(gè)完美的結(jié)尾需符合官方評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的兩項(xiàng)原則,即Displays progression & syntactic variety(文章的進(jìn)程感和遣詞造句的多樣性)。所以同學(xué)們應(yīng)該走出寫作誤區(qū),將結(jié)尾段也放在備考的list中,否則在真實(shí)考場(chǎng)中將很難在剩下不到5分鐘內(nèi)寫好結(jié)尾。
要寫好結(jié)尾段,首先我們要明白結(jié)尾段在全文起到的作用是什么。一般說(shuō)來(lái),結(jié)尾段是用來(lái)重申立場(chǎng)的(restatement of thesis),這里值得注意的是,結(jié)尾不要再出現(xiàn)新的論點(diǎn)了,哪怕它非常具有說(shuō)服力,這時(shí)也必須忍痛割愛(ài),否則就會(huì)因缺乏論證以及缺乏前后呼應(yīng)而失分。
高分結(jié)尾,我們有至少三種解決方法。
Plan A: 重申立場(chǎng)+補(bǔ)充
Plan B: 重申立場(chǎng)+反方觀點(diǎn)的弱點(diǎn)
Plan C: 重申立場(chǎng)+反問(wèn)句
不難看出,這三種方法都具備兩個(gè)共同要素:重申立場(chǎng)。得分點(diǎn)即要滿足評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的syntactic variety(遣詞造句的多樣性),也就是說(shuō)若是機(jī)械地抄題目或開(kāi)頭的我方立場(chǎng)表述,都是不可取的。
1Plan A
題目:
There are people who learn about life by listening to their friends’ or families’ advice. On the other hand, there are those that learn from personal experience. Which one do you prefer?
我方立場(chǎng):
It is better to learn from personal experience.
結(jié)尾:
In a nutshell, it is quite common for us to seek advice from our buddies or family when faced with life dilemma, but in most cases, more benefits can be available if we pick up some lessons by our own experience. After all, it is our action rather than other people’s words that determine what kind of people we want to be. (62 words)
解析:
這個(gè)結(jié)尾采用的是Plan A,重申立場(chǎng)使用了比較法,這也是托福結(jié)尾最常用的一種方法,因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)寫作題目都涉及兩者對(duì)比?!翱偠灾?dāng)面臨生活困境時(shí)人們往往會(huì)向朋友和家人求助,但在大多數(shù)情況下,如果我們自己嘗試一些事情,往往會(huì)學(xué)到更多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?!罢Z(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換上,使用了換主語(yǔ)和換詞的方法,我方立場(chǎng)It is better to learn from personal experience,主語(yǔ)是It, 但在結(jié)尾換成了benefits, 整個(gè)句子即變成了more benefits can be available if we pick up some lessons by our own experience.結(jié)尾第二句話,補(bǔ)充了我方立場(chǎng)的合理性,進(jìn)行了升華?!碑吘?,決定我們將來(lái)成為什么樣的人的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)并非是他人的言語(yǔ)而是我們自己的行為?!?/p>
2Plan B
題目:
When people go on a trip, some like to go with a friend while others like to go alone. Which do you prefer?
我方立場(chǎng):
I would rather to travel with a friend.
結(jié)尾:
Taking all of the factors above into account, being accompanied by some close friends tends to be a better option when it comes to having a trip. This even makes more sense if one is fully aware of the possible dangers of travelling on one’s own, that is, being helpless when emergencies occur and having no one to share the excitement.
解析:
這個(gè)結(jié)尾采用了重申立場(chǎng)+反方觀點(diǎn)的弱點(diǎn)?!翱紤]到以上所列出的論點(diǎn),我們可得知當(dāng)說(shuō)到旅游時(shí)有人陪伴是一個(gè)更好的選擇。這點(diǎn)更說(shuō)得通,如果一個(gè)人清楚地明白獨(dú)自旅行潛藏的壞處,即遇到緊急情況的無(wú)助感以及無(wú)人分享旅途的興奮感?!罢Z(yǔ)言上的主語(yǔ)替換尤為靈活,I would rather to travel with a friend.轉(zhuǎn)換為了Being accompanied by some close friends tends to be a better option when it comes to having a trip.
3Plan C
題目:
Some people like to live in a small town, while others like to live in a large city. If you had a choice, where would you like to live?
我方立場(chǎng):
I would like to live in a big city.
結(jié)尾:
Although a growing number of serenity-seekers regard the smaller community as their dream homeland, I still opt for the metropolis for its convenience and dynamic life. When it comes to living, how can one possibly deny that the purpose of life is to explore new things that small towns fail to offer?
解析:
這個(gè)結(jié)尾采用了重申立場(chǎng)+反問(wèn)句的寫法,很大氣?!氨M管越來(lái)越多尋找寧?kù)o的都市人把小城市視作自己的夢(mèng)想家園,但我仍然覺(jué)得大城市更勝一籌。當(dāng)談到生活,誰(shuí)能否認(rèn)生活的目的不就是探索新的東西嗎?而這一切都是小城市無(wú)法給與 的。“ 反問(wèn)句寫的是反方立場(chǎng)的弱點(diǎn),這其實(shí)在內(nèi)容和Plan B是相同的,只不過(guò)用的反問(wèn)句來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。
相信大家看完了這篇文章,會(huì)有所收獲,但是別忘了practice makes perfect這句話!趕快試下自己能否在5分鐘之內(nèi)完成一個(gè)高端上檔次的結(jié)尾段吧!
托福寫作結(jié)尾該怎么寫呢?
托福獨(dú)立寫作到底如何寫出一段完美的段尾呢?
我們可以用一下幾種方法。
l 重申立場(chǎng)+總結(jié)理由
這種方法很容易理解,就是先陳述一下對(duì)于整篇文章的看法,表明中心論點(diǎn)。然后列出你的文章中來(lái)支撐中心論點(diǎn)的分論點(diǎn),這一步其實(shí)就是把文章前面的分論點(diǎn)的主題句進(jìn)行paraphrase(改述)。
比如這道托福寫作題目:
The most important aspect of a job is the money a person earns.
In conclusion, we can not live out money of our daily life in this modern society. When all things are considered, we have to admit that money is the most important aspect of a job. Since money can not only guarantee our basic material life but also ensure that we can solve problems with it timely when we have some accidents.
l 讓步+轉(zhuǎn)折(重申立場(chǎng))
托福寫作輔導(dǎo)提到讓步轉(zhuǎn)折就是先讓步承認(rèn)題目觀點(diǎn),然后在轉(zhuǎn)折提出題目的不足之處或者自己的建議。用這種方法的時(shí)候我們通常是認(rèn)為題目觀點(diǎn)過(guò)于絕對(duì)而反對(duì)題目觀點(diǎn)的。
如此一來(lái),如果我們反對(duì)題目觀點(diǎn),那么我們?cè)诮Y(jié)尾段就可以使用讓步轉(zhuǎn)折(重申自己的立場(chǎng))進(jìn)行結(jié)尾。
提分經(jīng)驗(yàn)】托福獨(dú)立寫作2大高分必備要點(diǎn)解讀
合理規(guī)范的文章布局是高分基礎(chǔ)
對(duì)于托福寫作來(lái)說(shuō),合理且規(guī)范的文章布局還是必不可少的,甚至可以說(shuō)是一篇高分作文的基礎(chǔ)所在。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的開(kāi)頭加中間段.加結(jié)尾段的五段式文章結(jié)構(gòu)一直都是最為經(jīng)典且實(shí)用的結(jié)構(gòu),考生無(wú)需花費(fèi)太多心思在文章布局結(jié)構(gòu)上多動(dòng)腦筋,這樣的五段寫法足以保證大家的托福獨(dú)立寫作主線脈絡(luò)得到充分體現(xiàn)。然后具體說(shuō)說(shuō)中間段。中間段落的文章結(jié)構(gòu)就是T過(guò)渡詞ransitional words + 中心句topic sentence + 具體展開(kāi)論述development。如果考生在平時(shí)能熟練運(yùn)用這樣的文章結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)展開(kāi)托福獨(dú)立作文,那么考場(chǎng)上就會(huì)憑借這份思維套路來(lái)幫助自己保持住基本的得分。
說(shuō)到過(guò)渡詞Transitional words,一般主要有以下三種類型,即表順序:firstly, secondly, finally(last but not least); 表并列:besides, in addition; 表對(duì)比:in contrast, in comparison。這些過(guò)渡詞會(huì)讓文章看起來(lái)脈絡(luò)清晰,組織嚴(yán)密,也就做到了評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的“well-organized”一條。當(dāng)然,有過(guò)渡詞的文章讀起來(lái)也會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得更加通順流暢,給考官更好的閱讀體驗(yàn)。
確立寫作觀點(diǎn)才能體現(xiàn)獨(dú)特新意
對(duì)于托福寫作來(lái)說(shuō),有了規(guī)范的寫作布局,只能托福寫作沖刺高分最為基礎(chǔ)的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。而對(duì)于文章的新意而言更多的就是來(lái)自于文章觀點(diǎn)的確立。而在托福寫作中想要寫出一個(gè)有新意的觀點(diǎn),還是需要考生具備一定觀察能力才能做到的。原封不動(dòng)的直接套用范文或是模板的內(nèi)容,自然很難提起閱卷人的興趣。但是,大家也不必對(duì)觀點(diǎn)本身的對(duì)錯(cuò)過(guò)于糾結(jié),只要能說(shuō)的有理有據(jù)就沒(méi)問(wèn)題了,因?yàn)橥懈懽髦饕€是考查對(duì)于觀點(diǎn)話題的論述。有了自己原創(chuàng)的觀點(diǎn),考生自然就不用擔(dān)心之后論述上觀點(diǎn)雷同的問(wèn)題。不過(guò),在這里小編還是需要提醒大家,不要過(guò)于糾結(jié)觀點(diǎn)的深度,觀點(diǎn)定位過(guò)深,一時(shí)之間不能找到論據(jù),導(dǎo)致無(wú)話可說(shuō),反而會(huì)造成適得其反的效果,追求觀點(diǎn)有新意是好事,但也不要做的太過(guò)頭了。
布局和新意都離不開(kāi)例證的詮釋
在托福寫作過(guò)程中,想要完美充實(shí)的布局并體現(xiàn)出觀點(diǎn)的獨(dú)特新意都離不開(kāi)例證內(nèi)容的詮釋。相信很多同學(xué)在備考托福寫作的過(guò)程中,也會(huì)不斷的累積各式各樣的例證資料。但是,托福寫作中對(duì)例子論證的要求并不在其新意,而是在于考生你如何用論據(jù)來(lái)解釋觀點(diǎn),或者說(shuō)你的例子論據(jù)需要能和觀點(diǎn)想匹配才會(huì)具有說(shuō)服力。另外,有些同學(xué)喜歡使用高分范文里面的例子論據(jù),這種做法本身是沒(méi)有任何問(wèn)題的,但使用時(shí)如果直接整個(gè)照搬例子的話就有可能因?yàn)橥耆粯踊蛘呦嗨贫忍叩木涫蕉鸨慌卸槔淄娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn),這是考生需要特別注意避免的,所以大家不妨學(xué)習(xí)一下改寫語(yǔ)句中的內(nèi)容的方法技巧,即便不會(huì)改寫,也可以嘗試換掉一些關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)避免雷同問(wèn)題。
托福寫作結(jié)尾該怎么寫呢




