托福閱讀備考需解決3大問題
托福閱讀備考需解決3大問題, 詞匯語法長難句都得練,今天小編給大家來托福閱讀備考需解決3大問題,希望能夠幫助到大家,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。
托福閱讀備考需解決3大問題 詞匯語法長難句都得練
托福閱讀詞匯問題如何解決?
詞匯問題是閱讀中的十分普遍的,高中畢業(yè)生的詞匯量在3500左右,但是托??荚囈蟮脑~匯量是8000-10000,這種差距有的時候會讓考生望而卻步,單詞的積累和沉淀需要時間,但是正確的學(xué)習方法和習慣,往往事半功倍。首先,對于基礎(chǔ)詞匯,就是高中+大學(xué)四級詞匯,大家一定要掌握得很牢靠,每個單詞要像apple、book一樣熟悉,先查漏補缺。任何學(xué)習過程都是循序漸進的,只有基礎(chǔ)打牢了,再往高處走,不然就算之后稍稍有了一點小成就,那也是虛幻的空中樓閣。之后,在基礎(chǔ)牢靠的前提下,開始進入到托福詞匯部分,現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上的、書籍的、紙質(zhì)的、包括手機里的背單詞軟件種類很多,在這里就不贅述了,大家先用心的挑好適合自己的材料就可以。
托福閱讀長難句怎么練?
閱讀長難句的能力可以說是托??荚嚨暮诵哪芰?。一開始,我們會明顯感受到,有些真題中的句子里明明每個單詞都很熟悉,但是我必須要反復(fù)看3-5遍以上,才能比較好的理解它,有的時候看了后面忘了前面,看了這句,忘了上句,浪費時間不說還做不對題目。其實,這根我們平時的初高中課堂上講語法多、用語法少的現(xiàn)象有關(guān)。我們的語法知識儲備不少,但是欠缺訓(xùn)練把語法知識運用到長難句的理解中。
托福閱讀語法問題怎樣應(yīng)對?
語法中比較難理解的其實就是定語從句、后置定語,在中文中,我們的定語無論多長都加個“的”然后放在名詞前面;然而在英文中,定語的位置和形式變換很多,給我們設(shè)置了很多的閱讀障礙。例如托福真題中的長難句“A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into thenineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or tosoften it, the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finestquality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects fromthe most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from aliquid, singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance、”其實就是一個簡單句Improvements produced an instrument,然后加上了后置定語、同位語的修飾成分而已:一系列技術(shù)進步(19世紀的,包括123種),產(chǎn)生了一個有好多音效的樂器,這些音效從某種聲音1到某種聲音2,從某種聲音3到某種聲音4??忌鷤冊谕ㄟ^系統(tǒng)的語法學(xué)習后,再把它利用到分析和理解真題中的長難句,達到閱讀中的任何長難句讀一遍就能get到它的意思。
總而言之,考生備考托福閱讀如果缺乏頭緒,那么從詞匯語法和長難句這3個方向來進行備考就是很好的選擇了,希望大家能夠明確備考目的,早日取得托福閱讀高分。
托福閱讀100個長難句精選匯總深度解析:in traditional architecture...
托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析
原句案例:
For example, in traditional architecture, stone or brick walls served a structural role, but in a steel-beam building the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams, which meant that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.
詞匯講解:
beam /bi?m/ n. 梁
skeleton /'sk?l?tn/ n. 骨骼,骨架
結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:
(For example), (in traditional architecture), stone or brick walls served a structural role, but (in a steel-beam building) the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams, (which meant) (that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.)
深度分析:
這個句子的主干:
stone or brick walls served a structural role, but the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams
修飾一:(For example) ,介詞短語
中文:例如
修飾二:(in traditional architecture) ,介詞短語
中文:在傳統(tǒng)建筑設(shè)計中
修飾三:(in a steel-beam building) ,介詞短語
中文:在鋼梁的建筑中
修飾四:(which meant) ,從句
中文:意味著
修飾五:(that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.) ,從句
中文:墻和角落不再需要是實心的而是以一種意外的方式能夠打開
參考翻譯:
例如,在傳統(tǒng)的建筑設(shè)計中,石頭墻或磚墻起到了結(jié)構(gòu)性作用,但在鋼梁的建筑中,墻本質(zhì)上是懸掛在鋼梁的內(nèi)在骨架上,這意味著墻和角落不再需要是實心的而是以一種意外的方式能夠打開。
托福閱讀100個長難句精選匯總深度解析:Anaximander observing...
托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析
原句案例:
Anaximander,observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar, was probably the first of the Greek philosophers to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth--an idea that, elaborated upon later, would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century.
詞匯講解:
polestarn. 北極星
sphere /sf??/ n. 球體,球形;范圍;社會階層,社會地位
elaborate/?'l?b?ret/ v. 詳盡解釋或說明,詳細制定
prevail /pr?'ve?l/ v. 流行,盛行
advent /'?dv?nt/ n. 來臨,到來
結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:
Anaximander, (observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar), was probably the first of the Greek philosophers (to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth)--(an idea) (that, (elaborated upon later), would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century).
深度分析:
這個句子的主干:
Anaximander was probably the first of the Greek philosophers
修飾一:(observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar) ,
非謂語動詞
中文:觀察圍繞北極星運動的天體
修飾二:(to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth) ,非謂語動詞
中文:把天空描繪成完全圍繞地球的球體
修飾三:(an idea) ,同位語
中文:一個想法
修飾四:(elaborated upon later) ,非謂語動詞
中文:后來被詳細闡述
修飾五:(that would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century) ,從句,修飾idea
中文:會流行到17世紀科技革命的到來。
參考翻譯:
Anaximander(一直觀察圍繞北極星運動的天體)可能是第一個希臘哲學(xué)家把天空描繪成完全圍繞地球的球體——這個想法(后來被詳細闡述)會流行到17世紀科技革命的到來。
托福閱讀100個長難句精選匯總深度解析:Athenian aristocracy...
托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析
原句案例:
The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened during the rest of the century by the rise of a type of government known as a tyranny, which is a form of interim rule by a popular strongman (not rule by a ruthless dictator as the modem use of the term suggests to us).
詞匯講解:
tyranny /'t?r?ni/ n. 殘暴,專橫,專制
interim /'?nt?r?m/ adj. 臨時的,暫時的
ruthless /'ru?θl?s/ adj. 無憐憫心的,殘忍的
dictator /d?k'te?t?/ n. 獨裁者;霸道的人,愛發(fā)號施令者
rule n. 統(tǒng)治,管理
結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:
The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened (during the rest of the century) (by the rise of a type of government) (known as a tyranny), (which is a form of interim rule by a popular strongman) (not rule (by a ruthless dictator) (as the modem use of the term suggests to us)).
深度分析:
這個句子的主干就是:
The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened
修飾一:(during the rest of the century) ,介詞短語
中文:在這個世紀剩余的時間里
修飾二:(by the rise of a type ofgovernment),介詞短語
中文:一種類型政府的崛起
修飾三:(known as a tyranny) ,非謂語動詞
中文:稱之為專制
修飾四:(which is a form of interim ruleby a popular strongman) ,從句
中文:它是被一個鐵腕人物暫時管理的一種形式
修飾五:(by a ruthless dictator) ,介詞短語
中文:通過一個無情的獨裁者
修飾六:(as the modem use of the termsuggests to us),從句
中文:正如現(xiàn)在使用這個詞表明的那樣
參考翻譯:
在這個世紀剩余的時間里,雅典貴族的力量由于專制政府——它是被一個鐵腕人物暫時管理的一種形式(不是我們現(xiàn)在使用這個詞表明的那樣是由一個無情的獨裁者統(tǒng)治)——的興起進一步削弱了。
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