托福閱讀高頻細節(jié)題2種常見提問方式應對技巧實例講解

細節(jié)題可以說是托福閱讀部分出現(xiàn)頻率相當高的一個題型了。幾乎每篇閱讀文章都會或多或少地包含幾道細節(jié)題。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x高頻細節(jié)題2種常見提問方式應對技巧實例講解，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀高頻細節(jié)題2種常見提問方式應對技巧實例講解

托福閱讀細節(jié)題考點分析

在學習托福閱讀細節(jié)題的解題思路之前，我們首先要了解細節(jié)題對于考生的能力考查到底在哪里。在小編看來，細節(jié)題考查的核心要點是大家在文章閱讀過程中對于細節(jié)信息的敏感度以及考生準確返回原文定位到細節(jié)的能力，這種能力在考生以后研究生階段學業(yè)中需要閱讀大量文字類資料并準確尋找到其中關鍵性信息時會很有價值，因此細節(jié)題可以說就是針對考生是否具備這種能力而設置的題型。

托福閱讀細節(jié)題兩種常見提問方式實例講解

托福閱讀細節(jié)題從提問方式上主要可以分為兩類，第一類難度較高，要求考生對問題的所有選項都進行返回原文查找的步驟從而得出正確答案。這類題目小編稱為多選項返回定位題，比如以下這道題目就是如此：

Asia is the largest land mass on Earth. It contains one-third of the world’s land. Much of the land is uninhabited. But Asia holds more than 60% of the world’s people. It has 48 different countries, including China and India. They are the most populous countries in the world. Asia is also the birthplace of the world’s five major religions. They are Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Which of the following is true of Asia?

A. It is the largest continent on Earth.

B. One-third of the world’s population lives there.

C. It takes up 60% of the world’s land mass

D. It is the home of 48 different religions.

可以看到這道題目本身并沒有給出任何解題線索和關鍵詞，考生需要把四個選項逐一返回原文核對查找以后，才能得出正確答案。這類題目之所以難度較高，就是因為它會消耗大家比較多的時間，本身考試時間不足答題節(jié)奏落后于原定進度的同學面對這類題目很容易因為心浮氣躁，想要加速又加不了而出現(xiàn)錯誤。而且這類題目有個特點，那就是哪怕選項A就是正確選項，考生也會忍不住再去把其它選項也逐一核對確認一下再做出選擇，這其實就是利用了考生患得患失的解題心理。以上題為例，A選項It is the largest continent on Earth.和文章第一句Asia is the largest land mass on Earth.其實就是一個意思，但哪怕考生心中已經(jīng)比較有把握，也還是需要再看完其它選項才行。這樣的題目相當消耗時間，大家如果遇到請務必注意時間分配方面的問題。

第二類細節(jié)題難度就比較低了，這類題目會給出明確的提示性線索和關鍵詞，考生根據(jù)關鍵詞直接返回原文就能找到對應題目的正確答案，在較短時間內(nèi)就能做完。這類題目小編稱為明確線索定位題，比如下面這道：

A routine vaudeville show usually began with a silly act, such as acrobats or trick bicyclists. This allow audience members to arrive late and find their seats. The show peaked in the middle with the “headliner”. This act was usually the best in the show. The show would conclude with a “chaser” act. This act was considered good enough to feature but dull enough to make audiences leave the theater.

According to paragraph 2, why did a vaudeville show usually start off with a silly act?

A. Because the audience needed time to arrive and find their seats.

B. Because the audience preferred to begin with silly acts.

C. Because silly acts got the audience ready for serious ones.

D. Because that was the only type of act the theater owner could find.

這道題目不僅給出了關鍵詞線索a silly act，而直接給出了對應內(nèi)容所在的段落位置，對于考生來說定位返回就變得相當簡單了，考生只要帶著問題讀一下原文，找到答案以后再從選項中尋找出相應的內(nèi)容就可以順利解題。比如上面這道題問的是威懾呢么雜耍表演開場都要先來個silly act?考生從原文第二句This allow audience members to arrive late and find their seats.就可以直接找到答案，甚至不用讀完整段內(nèi)容就能獲得自己需要的信息，接下來看到選項A也正好符合要求，那么答案一下子就能確定出來，整個解題過程不會超過30秒。

以上兩種托福閱讀細節(jié)題小編希望大家能夠通過實例了解其差異和相應的解題思路。細節(jié)題是托福閱讀考試中比較關鍵的題型之一，考生如果能夠高效且正確地解答這類題目，對于確保和提升托福閱讀成績都會是一大助力，還請大家多花心思認真學習和掌握好應對這個題型的解題思路。

托福閱讀背景材料之如何珍惜時間

If the real work that needs doing is offline， disable the internet for an hour at a time.

如果這件事情不需要上網(wǎng)就可以完成，把網(wǎng)斷掉。

Turn email checks into an hourly habit， not an “as the box gets mail” habit.

延長查看電子郵件的周期。

Don’t answer your cell phone when working on something important. Call back later.

如果手頭的工作很重要，工作期間不要接電話，回頭再打過去就是了。

If you can’t work at work， negotiate finding a new place to get things done.

如果你的工作環(huán)境讓你不能工作，換個沒人打擾的地方。

Television means： “I don’t need this time and it doesn’t matter to me.” (Almost always. Really.)

看電視意味著“這段時間我浪費了也無所謂”。

Budget your entertainment time vs. production time. Never cheat the other.

平衡你的娛樂和工作時間。

Examine every opportunity along the lines of time vs. projects already underway.

時時檢查你的時間安排和現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)進行中的項目。

Try working part of your day in “off-hour” times， to get more done with fewer people around.

以小時為單位劃分你的工作時間，用更少的人做更多的事情。

專心的竅門

Write your goals clearly. Post them in eyeball view of where you work most.

清楚的寫下你的目標。放在你的眼皮底下。

Spend time with focused people. Meet and befriend those who are where you want to be.

多和專心工作的人在一起。

Consume as much material about your prime focus as you can budget.

盡量把資源用在主要目標上，把時間花在刀刃上。

Analyze your past experiences. Be clear. List your successes. Examine your failures.

回顧總結以往的成功和失敗經(jīng)驗。

Stay true to a particular vision of what you want to do.

清楚明白你想要得到的是什么。

Don’t give up too early.

不要太容易放棄。

Envision your success. Write about it. Then read that daily or weekly.

想象一下成功后的樣子，寫下來，每天讀讀。

Learn how to “chunk.” Hit each milestone and move to the next. Be methodical.

學會把大事劃分為幾個階段，完成一個階段，再進入下一個。

Develop habits around success and drive.

養(yǎng)成好習慣。

Recharge your batteries with good sleep and food.

吃好睡足。

Develop your relationship with your family. It nourishes the other goals.

維持家庭關系。這是你完成其它工作的保障。

托福閱讀背景知識之如何保持好記憶

Being in a good mood decreases the brain's working memory， US researchers say.

“This explains why you might not be able to remember a phone number you get at a party when you are having a good time，” Elizabeth Martin， a doctoral student of psychology at the University of Missouri， says in a statement. “This research is the first to show that positive mood can negatively impact working memory storage capacity.”

The researchers gauged study participants’ mood before and after showing them a video clip - some saw a bit of a stand-up comedy routine， while others saw a video on how to install flooring.

Those who viewed the comedy routine were in significantly better moods after viewing the video， while the mood of flooring group had not changed. Both groups were then given a memory test.

The study， published in the journal Cognition and Emotion， found those who watched the comedy routine performed significantly worse on the task.

美國研究人員稱，好心情可能會降低大腦的工作記憶(屬程序性記憶、短時記憶，是一種短暫時刻的知覺)能力。

“這就能解釋為什么明明在派對上玩得很開心，卻記不住從派對上得到的電話號碼，”密蘇里大學心理學博士伊麗莎白馬丁在一份報告中指出。“該研究首次說明，積極情緒有損于工作記憶容量?！?/p>

研究人員在受試者觀看視頻片段前后對其情緒進行了測量。其中一部分受試者所看的是輕松喜劇節(jié)目，另一些人所看的視頻則關于如何鋪地板。

那些看了喜劇的受試者觀后情緒更佳，而“地板視頻”受試者觀前觀后情緒并無波動。兩組都接受了記憶測試。

托福閱讀背景材料之性格影響外表

If you exhibit positive traits such as honesty and helpfulness， the chances are that you will be perceived as a good looking person， for a new study has found that the perception of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person's personality.

The study， led by Gary W. Lewandowski， Jr， found that people who exhibit negative traits， such as unfairness and rudeness， appear to be less physically attractive to observers.

In the study， the participants viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information on personality traits.

After personality information was received， participants also rated the desirability of each individual as a friend and as a dating partner.

Information on personality was found to significantly alter perceived desirability， showing that cognitive processes modify judgments of attractiveness.

"Perceiving a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind，" said Lewandowski.

The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater desirability as a friend， which leads to greater desirability as a romantic partner and， ultimately， to being viewed as more physically attractive.

The findings remained consistent regardless of how "attractive" the individual was initially perceived to be， or of the participants' current relationship status or commitment level with a partner.

What would you think of this lady's physical attractiveness if she exhibited bad personal traits?

"This research provides a more positive alternative by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people's impressions of how good looking you are，" said Lewandowski.

如果你表現(xiàn)出誠實和樂于助人等美好品質(zhì)，那么別人會覺得你的外表也很迷人。一項最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個人的性格會影響別人對他或她的外表吸引力的看法。

該項由蓋里?W?勒萬多維斯基負責的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們認為，表現(xiàn)出不誠實和粗魯?shù)葠毫悠焚|(zhì)的人外表也不夠吸引人。

研究對象首先觀看了一組異性的照片，隨后分別在得知照片中人物的性格特點之前和之后給他們的外表評分。

研究對象在得知照片中人物的性格特點后，還對與其中每個人交朋友或做戀人的期望值進行了評分。

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，有關人物性格特點的信息大大改變了之前的喜好度評分，研究對象的認知過程改變了他們對照片中人物外表的評價。

勒萬多維斯基說：“總的來說，如果人們認為一個人的性格較好，那么他們會覺得無論與這個人做朋友還是做戀人都更合適?！?/p>

研究結果表明，人們更期望與性格較好的人交朋友、成為戀人，從而會認為他們的外表更迷人。

無論照片中人物給人的“第一印象”怎樣、或者研究對象目前的情感關系狀況以及與伴侶的親密程度如何，研究結果都是一致的。

勒萬多維斯基說：“該研究提出了一個更為積極的觀點，它提醒人們，性格在很大程度上能決定你的吸引力;性格甚至能夠改變?nèi)藗儗τ谀阃獗淼挠∠??！?/p>