如何詳略得當讀GRE文章

如何詳略得當讀GRE文章?名師為你指點迷津,我們來看看吧，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

如何詳略得當讀GRE文章?名師為你指點迷津

作為GRE考試重中之重的閱讀，實在是困擾考生的一大難題。但是由于GRE閱讀的文章的出題順序往往是千變?nèi)f化。所以，需要我們在做題之前把文章完整地讀一遍。然而， 大多數(shù)學生的感受是：長閱讀內(nèi)容太多，讀的時間長;短閱讀句子難，比較隱晦，讀完了也是云里霧里的。而且，因為考試時間緊張，勢必要提高讀文章的速度和質量，才能保證后面的題目可以高效解答。短閱讀1-2分鐘，長閱讀2-3分鐘，這是我們最終要達到的理想讀文章的時間。那我們怎樣做才能有這樣質的飛躍呢?今天，讓我們一起打入GRE閱讀內(nèi)部，全面剖析GRE閱讀—詳略得當讀文章，正所謂“知己知彼，方能百戰(zhàn)百勝”。

一、熟悉閱讀的結構類型

GRE的閱讀有一定的結構體系，可以讓我們更快更準地把握文章的脈絡。比如，閱讀中常出現(xiàn)的全文論證一個觀點的結構類型，可以讓我們類比到我們自己的寫作模式。每一個主體段都是：中心論點+論據(jù)(details+examples)的結構。那我們該如何來識別這種結構呢?要通過句子與句子間的邏輯關系。比如，像類似and, also, moreover, furthermore的詞都可以表示前后兩個句子是并列關系。沒有邏輯詞的句子，也即順承而講，中心觀點仍然是一個。當然，對于新觀點推翻舊觀點和解釋針對問題型的文章有其自身的特點，也算有跡可循。

二、讀重點----閱讀考點

文章內(nèi)容的五花八門實屬正常現(xiàn)象，掌握考點的內(nèi)容，可以讓我們更有側重點地讀文章。

By the time the American colonists took up arms against Great Britain in order to secure their independence, the institution of Black slavery was deeply entrenched. But the contradiction inherent in this situation was, for many, a source of constant embarrassment. “It always appeared a most iniquitous scheme to me,” Abigail Adams wrote her husband in 1774, “to fight ourselves for what we are daily robbing and plundering from those who have as good a right to freedom as we have.”在這個段落里，第二句話出現(xiàn)了but，所以就確定了我們要重點讀but之后的句子，因為轉折后永遠是中心。再比如：In this respect, Wuthering Heights shares a feature of Hamlet.這個句子里我們看到了share a feature這個短語，體現(xiàn)出Wuthering Heights與Hamlet在this respect的相似點，所以可以預測后面應該會有關于此考點的考題。諸如此類的考點還有很多，都是需要我們在讀文章的時候擦亮眼睛找出來的“寶”。

三、舍得舍得，有舍才有得

因為時間的限定，我們做不到每個句子都弄懂意思，也就是說，有些句子只是文章中的綠葉，起到陪襯的作用，是不需要我們太關注的。像閱讀中常出現(xiàn)的例子。例子的作用都是用來支撐其前面的中心觀點的，所以對于例子具體的內(nèi)容不需要花太多時間搞懂它的意思，只需要知道它的目的就可以了。例子出現(xiàn)比較明顯的是伴隨著for example, for instance, take sb/sth as an example, such as等等。難點就在于能不能用火眼金睛看出這些深藏不露的例子，比如：

The condition of scholarship devoted to the history of women in photography is confounding. Recent years have witnessed the posthumous inflation of the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen into that of a pioneering documentarian while dozens of notable senior figures — Marion Palfi, whose photographs of civil-rights activities in the South served as early evidence of the need for protective legislation, to name one — received scant attention from scholars.第二句話這個長難句是不是一看就開始發(fā)愁了，但是如果我們能看出來這里面是用具體的人物的例子來支持第一句話，那我們在通讀全文的時候，這個句子就可以大概瀏覽而過了，是不是節(jié)省了很多時間呢?

以上就是小編整理的關于GRE閱讀詳略得當讀文章的解題方法。高效，才能創(chuàng)造卓越;有詳有略，才可稱為GRE閱讀高手!

Payday lending——Shark bait

發(fā)薪日貸款：海底大冒險

The Labour Party launches an attack on payday lenders. It may be too late

工黨向發(fā)薪日貸款人發(fā)難，但這可能為時已晚。

IN THE real world, shoppers are moving online. But retail politics—selling eye-catching policies to voters—still starts on the high street. On October 17th Ed Miliband, Labour's leader, announced plans to “halt the tide of payday loan firms” into Britain's shopping districts that accelerated following the economic crisis in 2008.

現(xiàn)實生活中，顧客在網(wǎng)上購物。但是零售式競選政治—政客當面請求公眾以拉票的活動—仍然在繁華的商業(yè)大街上進行著。10月17日，工黨的領導人，艾德·米利班德，宣布“限制”在英國的商業(yè)中心建立“發(fā)薪日貸款公司”的計劃。自從2008年經(jīng)濟危機以后，發(fā)薪日貸款公司在英國市中心發(fā)展速度加快。

Payday lenders are an obvious example of what Mr. Miliband considers irresponsible capitalism. As well as making struggling high streets even less attractive, they are accused of stiffing impoverished customers with high interest rates. Nearly a third of payday loans are taken out to cover day-to-day household bills, Labour says. Excessive borrowing is a common cause of poverty, according to the Citizens Advice Bureau, a charity.

米利班德認為發(fā)薪日貸款人是不負責的資本主義的一個典型例子。發(fā)薪日貸款人不僅使得繁華的大街的吸引力減弱，而且也受到指控利用高利率詐騙貧窮的顧客。工黨宣稱，大約有三分之一的發(fā)薪日貸款用來支付家庭的日常開支。慈善機構公民咨詢局表明，過多的貸款是造成貧窮的普遍原因。

Mr. Miliband proposes three prongs of attack. First, a Labour government would push the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) to introduce some sort of cap on interest rates or charges. Second, it will increase the levy that lenders currently pay to the FCA and spend it on debt counseling and supporting credit unions (non-profit mutual lenders). Third, councils will be given new powers to prevent shops being turned into payday lenders.

米利班德提出了三條應對策略。首先，工黨政府可督促金融市場行為監(jiān)管局對利率或費用進行限制。第二，政府將提高款權人目前向金融市場行為監(jiān)管局繳納的稅收并將其用于債務咨詢，支持信用合作者(非營利共同貸款人)。第三，將授予委員會新的職權以避免商店成為發(fā)薪日貸款方。

Overall, these suggestions are modest. At present the government spends ￡13m ($21m) per year on encouraging credit unions. Labour wants to double that figure, suggesting the new levy would be fairly light. Any new cap on interest rates is unlikely to be tight. Changing planning laws—not a new idea—would have the most effect, but most high streets have plenty of payday loan shops already. There may be little pressure to open new ones.

總的來說，這些建議都很合理。目前，政府每年支出1300英鎊用于鼓勵信用合作社發(fā)展。工黨想增加一倍的支出，并認為新稅率將會有所降低。任何利率的新規(guī)定都不會太嚴格。改變計劃法律?—這并非是個新想法—可能會獲益匪淺，但是大多數(shù)商業(yè)街已經(jīng)有很多發(fā)薪日貸款店鋪的存在了。開辦新的發(fā)薪日貸款店鋪不會承擔很多壓力。

Indeed, there are reasons to think that payday lending has peaked. Bank of England figures show that credit-card lending is picking up again after several years of decline. Partly thanks to government prodding, credit unions are trying to lure customers from payday lenders, spending more on advertising and speeding up their application processes. Even the Church of England wants to compete short-term lenders out of business.

確實，有理由認為發(fā)薪日貸款目前正是如日中天的時候。英格蘭銀行的數(shù)據(jù)顯示信用卡貸款在沉寂了幾年之后現(xiàn)在又開始復蘇。部分由于政府的刺激，信用合作社設法從發(fā)薪日貸款人那里爭奪顧客，加大了宣傳力度并加快了他們的申請程序。甚至英國國教都想競爭短期貸款。

That will not put off Mr. Miliband. As he points out, real wages are still falling. And much like those other high-street bugbears, bookmakers and pawnbrokers, payday lenders will not disappear soon. But eventually the tide will go out—and politics will have little to do with it.

這并不會阻擋米利班德前進的腳步。他指出，工資會持續(xù)下降。和其他商業(yè)大街的頑疾一樣， 出版商、當鋪老板、發(fā)薪日貸款人都不會很快消失在人們的生活中。但最終潮水會退去—而政治和這關系不大。

Driving in Vietnam——Four wheels good, two wheels better

駕駛在越南：四個輪子不錯，兩個輪子更好

A proliferation of cars threatens to clog the country’s big cities

激增的汽車將塞滿越南大城市

Cars and motorbikes are banned from the old heart of Hoi An, a pretty tourist town in central Vietnam.

會安，越南美麗的旅游城市，老城的中心禁止汽車和摩托車通行。

When the country’s newish prime minister paid a visit, he obligingly travelled on foot.

越南新任國家總理來訪，他愉快地在此步行。

But as Nguyen Xuan Phuc strode manfully around, his motorcade crept along behind him.

然而阮春福在前面雄赳赳大步流星，身后卻是緩緩徐行車隊。

Outraged netizens disseminated photos of the incident, forcing Mr. Phuc to apologize—a rare step for a senior official in Vietnam’s authoritarian regime.

氣憤的越南網(wǎng)民散布了該事件照片并要求他道歉——要員道歉，這在越南獨裁體制下還是很罕見的。

Not many Vietnamese can afford a fleet of blacked-out saloons.

越南有能力購買純黑色高檔轎車的人群還不多。

But car-ownership in the Communist country is soaring, bringing worries about pollution and congestion.

但在這個共產(chǎn)主義國度里，有車一族正在飆升，引起大家對大氣污染和交通擁堵的擔憂。

Sales of cars, vans and lorries rose 55% by volume in 2015, albeit from a low base; so far this year they are up another third.

2015年，越南小車、貨車和卡車的銷量上漲55%，盡管基數(shù)很低;本年度截至目前，銷量再度增加1/3。

Most went to Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, which between them house about half of Vietnam’s urban population.

汽車銷量增長主要來自首都河內(nèi)和胡志明市。全國近一半的城鎮(zhèn)人口都居住在這兩個城市。

Compared with its choked neighbors, Vietnam’s big cities are relatively uncongested.

越南的大城市相對沒有其周邊國家的城市那么擁堵。

The country’s 40m or so motorbikes terrify pedestrians, but can thunder 10-abreast along thoroughfares as well as worm down dark alleyways.

約四千萬的摩托車讓行人毛骨悚然，但是這些摩托車可以十輛并排轟隆疾馳在大道上，也可以緩緩在黑胡同里蠕動。

Cars, by contrast, block up the pipes.

不像汽車堵成一條長龍。

Only 9% of land in the heart of Hanoi is given over to primary and secondary roads, compared with 32% in Manhattan.

河內(nèi)僅有9%的土地用以建設主要和次級道路，而邁哈頓道路占地32%。

The World Bank in 2011 calculated that if car-use were to reach even the moderate level seen in nearby Malaysia, Vietnam’s capital would grind to a complete halt.

世界銀行2011年計算，如果越南的汽車用量和鄰居馬來西延的中等水平的持平，越南的資產(chǎn)將會完全停止增長。

The government is conflicted, says Arve Hansen, an academic.

政府是矛盾的，Arve Hansen，一位學者這樣評論到。

It champions the local car-assembly industry but also slaps stiff taxes on buyers, in part for fear of jams.

政府一方面支持汽車制造產(chǎn)業(yè)，另一方面又因為擔心擁堵，征收嚴苛的購車稅。

A suite of recent trade deals will eventually limit authorities’ power to control car-use through tariffs.

近期的一系列交易終將限制政府通過收稅來控制用車的權利。

A pact with South-East Asian neighbors, which comes into full force in 2018, could see cheap cars pour in from Thailand.

一份越南和東南亞國家的合約將在2018年生效，意味著大量便宜的汽車從泰國涌入。

The appeal of buying a car may grow even as Vietnam’s roads clog up.

盡管越南交通擁堵，人們買車的熱情卻持續(xù)高漲。

The growing risk of collision with a car is making motorcycling more dangerous.

隨著發(fā)生摩托車和汽車相撞風險不斷增加，選擇摩托車出行變得更加危險。

Motorists who know they will end up in jams prefer to do it in air-conditioned vehicles than perched on sweaty bike seats.

始終都要堵車，摩托車一族也鐘情于空調(diào)汽車，不愿干坐在汗涔涔的自行車座上。

Longer travel times are also putting Vietnamese off buses, which were anyway hot and unreliable.

旅途漫長也是讓人們放棄公共汽車的原因，公共汽車不僅熱還不準時。

Use of Hanoi’s underfunded public buses has dropped 14% in a year.

因此河內(nèi)缺乏資金的公交客車的使用率在一年降低14%。

New urban rail systems should help a little.

新建軌道有助于緩解城市交通壓力。

The first of at least six metro lines is under construction in Ho Chi Minh City; two elevated railways are being built in Hanoi.

胡志明市計劃建設至少六條地鐵線路，目前正在建設第一條;河內(nèi)正在修建兩條輕軌。

But it will take years to complete these networks, and the fast-growing cities they will serve are transforming as they are built.

然而這些交通網(wǎng)絡數(shù)年才能建完，軌道建設的同時城市卻在不斷轉變。

Hanoi in particular is sprawling, helped along by policies that encourage local authorities to build outward, rather than up.

尤其是河內(nèi)，在鼓勵政府向外建設而不是向上建設的政策下，無序擴張。

City officials are making do.

市政府官員也在努力。

Bigwigs in Ho Chi Minh City talk of narrowing pavements to widen roads; Hanoi insists more and better buses are revving up.

胡志明市要員考慮縮小建設來擴寬道路，河內(nèi)堅持快速發(fā)展更多更好的汽車。

In June cadres in the capital said they thought improvements in public transport would eventually allow them to ban Hanoi’s 5m motorbikes from the heart of the city.

六月，國家干部稱他們考慮改善公共交通，最終可以限制河內(nèi)市中心的5百萬摩托車。

It would be better to ban cars.