GRE閱讀提升讀文章速度先打好基礎(chǔ)
GRE閱讀提升讀文章速度先打好基礎(chǔ) 積累閱讀量是根本解決方法,下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
GRE閱讀提升讀文章速度先打好基礎(chǔ) 積累閱讀量是根本解決方法
根本解決辦法是多讀
從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，解決閱讀速度不快的根本辦法是多讀。閱讀速讀提高不上去很大程度上是因?yàn)榭忌€不習(xí)慣英語到自己語言的理解，需要一個(gè)切換理解的時(shí)間。比如看到一個(gè)詞，要先想到這個(gè)詞的意思，然后理解整句話。要解決這個(gè)問題顯然就是需要熟練，不斷地接觸英語相關(guān)的資料，在不斷地閱讀中多理解，即使不是精讀也要試圖理解一片文章的大概和基本邏輯，經(jīng)過聯(lián)系使中間這個(gè)切換時(shí)間越來越短，最后達(dá)到完全不需要切換的語言感覺。短期來看，針對(duì)新GRE考試可以嘗試多做筆記，用自己熟悉的符號(hào)記錄或者標(biāo)注各種語言的重要信息，這樣做題時(shí)候回文定位會(huì)省事很多。
提高細(xì)節(jié)把握能力
GRE閱讀速度提高了可能還存在一個(gè)問題，就是閱讀的感覺不好，細(xì)節(jié)重點(diǎn)抓不住。不少同學(xué)做題時(shí)可以大概理解一片文章講的是什么，但是對(duì)于一些細(xì)節(jié)，和關(guān)鍵問題還是理解模糊或者無法理解的問題。這種問題可能是由于同學(xué)們自己閱讀一些長(zhǎng)難句的困難，面對(duì)一些結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句子無所適從，建議長(zhǎng)難句方面有困難的同學(xué)可以參考一下專門針對(duì)性的長(zhǎng)難句教材，比如楊鵬老師的長(zhǎng)難句材料，各種語法點(diǎn)總結(jié)的很好，很有針對(duì)性。還有就是針對(duì)一些專業(yè)詞匯做特殊的記憶，比如考生不常見的地質(zhì)學(xué)、氣象學(xué)和天文學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的詞匯。
思路不適應(yīng)要積累閱讀量
對(duì)于思路上不太適應(yīng)GRE邏輯思維的同學(xué)，平時(shí)可以多注意積累其他方面的閱讀量，哪怕是中文文章的，嘗試?yán)斫饽切┯幸欢ㄟ壿嬰y度的文章，這樣可以跳過語言這一環(huán)，直接訓(xùn)練自己的思路。對(duì)于GRE閱讀的考試，哪怕是整個(gè)GRE考試的備考來說，都會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)背景知識(shí)越豐富，得到的幫助會(huì)更多。
時(shí)間充分可以精讀練習(xí)
對(duì)于備考時(shí)間比較充裕的考生可以嘗試將閱讀文章做完題之后精讀，把每一個(gè)句子的意思都搞懂，都能翻譯出來，不會(huì)的單詞去查。這這個(gè)過程可以發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在語法和背景知識(shí)方面的漏洞，然后再去理解一篇文章的大意。
GRE閱讀題目解析:螞蟻用真菌創(chuàng)造菜園
Some attine ants carry vegetation into their nests and add fungal material, thereby creating “gardens” in which fungal food for the ants grow. Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and control the passive fungi. But even if that is true, the symbiotic association has existed for so long that cultivar traits may have evolved in the fungi that benefit the fungi but not necessarily the ants. Furthermore, many microorganisms have developed sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate the physiology and behavior of their symbiotic animals. It is not implausible, therefore, that the ants’ fungi have evolved chemical and physiological schemes that alter ant behavior to serve the fungus’ reproductive interests, possibly even compromising the reproductive interests for the ant hosts.
1. The passage points out which of the following in order to explain the appeal of the notion that some attine ants cultivate and control fungus?
A. The ants play the behaviorally active roles in the symbiotic relationship.
B. The ants purposefully carry vegetation into their nests for their own consumption.
C. Fungus is physiologically a passive substance.
D. Other organisms are able to manipulate their symbiotic partners.
E. The chemical and physiological properties of the fungus are subject to ant influence.
2. In the context in which it appears, the word “manipulate” most nearly means
A. influence
B. oversee
C. coerce
D. deceive
E. outmaneuver
1
Some attine ants carry vegetation into their nests and add fungal material, thereby creating “gardens” in which fungal food for the ants grow.
一些 A 蟻把植物帶回巢穴，再加入真菌材料，于是創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)生產(chǎn)真菌的 “ 菜園 ” 供養(yǎng)蟻群。
(attine ants 沒查到比較準(zhǔn)確的譯法，也許可以譯作 “ 真菌培育蟻 ”，也許指的就是 “ 切葉蟻 ”，待定。)
2
Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and control the passive fungi.
因?yàn)橄伒氖沁@一行為的主動(dòng)方，說它們種植和控制被動(dòng)的真菌似乎比較有說服力。
3
But even if that is true, the symbiotic association has existed for so long that cultivar traits may have evolved in the fungi that benefit the fungi but not necessarily the ants.
但即便這是真的，這種共生關(guān)系也存在了如此久，以至于被栽種的真菌可能已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出一些對(duì)自己有利，對(duì)蟻未必有利的遺傳特征。
(cultivar 栽種品種
trait 遺傳特征)
4
Furthermore, many microorganisms have developed sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate the physiology and behavior of their symbiotic animals.
此外，許多微生物都發(fā)展出復(fù)雜的機(jī)制，操縱與之共生的動(dòng)物的生理機(jī)能和行為。
5
It is not implausible, therefore, that the ants’ fungi have evolved chemical and physiological schemes that alter ant behavior to serve the fungus’ reproductive interests, possibly even compromising the reproductive interests for the ant hosts.
因此，有可能蟻栽種的真菌，已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出化學(xué)和生理策略，改變蟻的行為，為真菌的生殖利益服務(wù)，甚至可能危害到了宿主蟻的生殖利益。
1. The passage points out which of the following in order to explain the appeal of the notion that some attine ants cultivate and control fungus?
A. The ants play the behaviorally active roles in the symbiotic relationship.
B. The ants purposefully carry vegetation into their nests for their own consumption.
C. Fungus is physiologically a passive substance.
D. Other organisms are able to manipulate their symbiotic partners.
E. The chemical and physiological properties of the fungus are subject to ant influence.
選 A
文章開始提出了一種現(xiàn)象，螞蟻和蘑菇共生。
關(guān)于這一現(xiàn)象，有兩種解釋，一種是螞蟻種蘑菇;一種是蘑菇控制螞蟻。
題目問我們第一種解釋的根據(jù)，定位句 2，Because the ants play the behaviorally active role，選 A 。
2. In the context in which it appears, the word “manipulate” most nearly means
A. influence
B. oversee
C. coerce
D. deceive
E. outmaneuver
選 A
influence 影響，支配
oversee 監(jiān)督，監(jiān)視
coerce 強(qiáng)制，逼迫
deceive 欺騙，誤導(dǎo)
outmaneuver 以計(jì)謀、智力取勝(對(duì)手)
GRE閱讀題目解析:英國文學(xué)傳記
P45
The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion. Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible. The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented---or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel. It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.
1. The passage mentions the "scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to
A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography
B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography
C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture
D question the ideological significance accorded to biography
E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs
2. According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies
A. were associated with scandal
B. were easy to read and comprehend
C. were so widespread in Britain at the time
D. challenged conventional British ideologies
E. contributed to the development of the novel
P45
1
The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion.
文集 R B 的編輯們一再告訴我們，傳記是英國文學(xué)浪漫主義時(shí)期(十八世紀(jì)晚期和十九世紀(jì)早期)的獨(dú)創(chuàng)，卻從未向我們展示創(chuàng)造的過程。
(我推測(cè) Romantic biography 是個(gè) typo，應(yīng)寫作 Romantic Biography，是書名;如果 biography 小寫無誤，則 Romantic biography 指的是 浪漫主義時(shí)期的傳記，那么關(guān)于這一主題的文集，應(yīng)該寫為 essay collection(s) of / about / concerning (the) Romantic biographies。
翻譯采取了第一種理解。)
2
Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible.
H，作為浪漫主義時(shí)期最杰出的傳記作家的代表，幾乎無人知曉。
3
The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented -- or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel.
浪漫主義時(shí)期并非傳記文體被創(chuàng)造的時(shí)期，—— 更確切地說，不是我們熟悉的那些原則被確立的時(shí)期，因?yàn)閭饔洆?jù)稱起源于 scandlous memoirs，后者是 前浪漫主義 時(shí)期小說文化的一部分。
(scandalous memoirs 意會(huì)吧，沒查到權(quán)威或公認(rèn)的譯法)
4
It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.
也正是在浪漫主義時(shí)期，傳記作品通過普及式的傳播，成為英國文化最重要的意識(shí)形態(tài)宣傳工具。
(sheer 十足的，完全的
ubiquity 無所不在
object 直譯，應(yīng)取 “(受關(guān)注、欣賞等)的對(duì)象、客體 ”，或理解為 “ … 的目標(biāo) ” 。意譯跳躍比較大。)
1. The passage mentions the "scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to
A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography
B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography
C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture
D question the ideological significance accorded to biography
E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs
選 A
scandalous memoirs 出現(xiàn)在句 3：
The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented -- or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel.
文章前三句，一直圍繞著 Romantic biography 的來源，句 1 出現(xiàn)的編輯們 editors 說，biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature，但作者認(rèn)為他們一直拿不出證據(jù)，we are never shown that process of invention motion，可推測(cè)作者的態(tài)度。
綜合句 3，給出了另一種說法，an alternative account 。
2. According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies
A. were associated with scandal
B. were easy to read and comprehend
C. were so widespread in Britain at the time
D. challenged conventional British ideologies
E. contributed to the development of the novel
選 C
句 4 出現(xiàn)的 sheer ubiquty 對(duì)應(yīng) widespread 。
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