3個(gè)步驟解決GRE邏輯閱讀

陳鈴1147由分享時(shí)間：2020-08-30 22:09:34

GRE邏輯閱讀解題有技巧 ,3個(gè)步驟解決邏輯閱讀，我們來看看吧，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

GRE邏輯閱讀解題有技巧 3個(gè)步驟解決邏輯閱讀

一、GRE邏輯題介紹

GRE考試中會(huì)有四至五道邏輯題，每篇文章后面會(huì)有一個(gè)問題。每篇邏輯論證一般會(huì)有一到三句那么長(zhǎng)。GRE閱讀中的邏輯題包含了一些必要的邏輯推理知識(shí)，主要考察考生的邏輯推理能力。小站教育獨(dú)家原創(chuàng)傾情整理發(fā)布《GRE高分考生們的復(fù)習(xí)筆記》

根據(jù)GRE邏輯題的題目類型，將其劃分為五類：支持結(jié)論型，削弱結(jié)論型，分析邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)型，得出結(jié)論型(推斷題)，和解決矛盾型。

二、GRE邏輯題的三大出題原則

1、不需要專業(yè)的背景知識(shí)原則

閱讀中的邏輯題都是基于其中的某一個(gè)段落，涉及的領(lǐng)域很廣泛，像藝術(shù)、社會(huì)學(xué)、歷史、教育、政治、體育、廣告等。雖然涉及內(nèi)容包羅萬象，但無需任何學(xué)科、專業(yè)的特定知識(shí)，而應(yīng)著重從邏輯推理的角度來思維。

2、Which of the following 原則

邏輯題的大多數(shù)問題有which of the following, 要求你根據(jù)段落里所給信息及邏輯推理，從下面五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)選項(xiàng)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)問題目的。

3、If true 原則

If true在許多考題中出現(xiàn)，緊接在which of the following 之后，有時(shí)表達(dá)是if practicable, if accepted, if feasible, if correct等。這使得選項(xiàng)在即使違反常識(shí)或?qū)I(yè)知識(shí)的情況下，我們也不能質(zhì)疑其正確性。

三、GRE邏輯題的解題思路

1. 概括關(guān)鍵邏輯鏈

在解答邏輯題時(shí)，考生需要先看要求，是加強(qiáng)還是削弱、評(píng)估還是假設(shè)。然后提煉出關(guān)鍵邏輯鏈，其中必須包含題目中的重要對(duì)象以及對(duì)象之間的關(guān)系。

2. 抓住邏輯題目的結(jié)論

在解題時(shí)，考生面對(duì)多個(gè)選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該特別注意找出選項(xiàng)中涉及關(guān)鍵鏈對(duì)象最多的、和題目的邏輯思維最接近的選項(xiàng)，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往就是正確答案。

3. 學(xué)會(huì)使用排除法

對(duì)于GRE考生來說，如果在解題時(shí)無法直接找出正確答案，那么至少可以通過找出并排除其它明顯存在問題的答案來縮小選擇的范圍。具體做法是按照選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的相關(guān)和無關(guān)性進(jìn)行排除。

四、GRE邏輯題的解題步驟

第一步：確認(rèn)問題類型

看文章前先看問題，問題會(huì)告訴你需要那種邏輯思維方式來解題，有時(shí)候還會(huì)包含文章的結(jié)論。而仔細(xì)閱讀問題題干可能會(huì)幫助我們加強(qiáng)或者削弱結(jié)論、找出假設(shè)部分、進(jìn)行推理、解決矛盾、分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)。

第二步：分解文章論點(diǎn)

一般文章的論點(diǎn)會(huì)由這幾個(gè)部分組成。分別是：前提、結(jié)論、假設(shè)和反對(duì)前提。當(dāng)閱讀文章論點(diǎn)時(shí)，我們要學(xué)會(huì)分辨其中的這些部分，分解論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行解析，也可以適當(dāng)做一些記錄。

第三步：排除答案選項(xiàng)

把答案的每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都檢查一遍，首先，排除那些明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)，然后把剩下的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。最終就可以得出正確答案。

以上就是本文為大家介紹的關(guān)于GRE考試邏輯題型的備考以及解題技巧，大家在閱讀的同時(shí)也要認(rèn)真思考，反思自己的復(fù)習(xí)方式是否合理，做到有則改之無則加勉。

GRE考試閱讀真題及答案

Passage 1

A divide between aesthetic and technical considerations has played a crucial role in mapmaking and cartographic scholarship. Since nineteenth century cartographers, for instance, understood themselves as technicians who did not care about visual effects, while others saw themselves as landscape painters. That dichotomy structured the discipline of the history of cartography. Until the 1980s, in what Blakemore and Harley called “the Old is Beautiful Paradigm,” scholars largely focused on maps made before 1800, marveling at their beauty and sometimes regretting the decline of the pre-technical age. Early mapmaking was considered art while modern cartography was located within the realm of engineering utility. Alpers, however, has argued that this boundary would have puzzled mapmakers in the seventeenth century, because they considered themselves to be visual engineers.

1. According to the passage, Alpers would say that the assumptions underlying the “paradigm” were

A. inconsistent with the way some mapmakers prior to 1800 understand their own work

B. dependent on a seventeenth-century conception of mapmaking visual engineering

C. unconcerned with the difference between the aesthetic and technical questions of mapmaking

D. insensitive to divisions among cartographers working in the period after 1800

E. supported by the demonstrable technical superiority of mapmaking made after 1800

2. It can be inferred from the passage that, beginning in the 1980s, historians of cartography

A. placed greater emphasis on the beauty of maps made after 1800

B. expanded their range of study to include more material created after 1800

C. grew more sensitive to the way mapmakers prior to 1800 conceived of their work

D. came to see the visual details of maps as aesthetic objects rather than practical cartographic aids

E. reduced the attention they paid to the technical aspects of mapmaking

答案：

A B

GRE考試閱讀真題及答案

Passage 2

Most mammals reach sexual maturity when their growth rates are in decline, whereas humans experience a growth spurt during adolescence. Whether apes experience an adolescent growth spurt is still undecided. In the 1950s, data on captive chimpanzees collected by James Gavan appeared devoid of evidence of an adolescent growth spurt in these apes. In a recent reanalysis of Gavan’s data, however, zoologist Elizabeth Watts has found that as chimpanzees reach sexual maturity, the growth rate of their limbs accelerates. Most biologists, however, are skeptical that this is a humanlike adolescent growth spurt. While the human adolescent growth spurt is physically obvious and affects virtually the entire body, the chimpanzee’s increased growth rate is detectable only through sophisticated mathematical analysis. Moreover, according to scientist Holly Smith, the growth rate increase in chimpanzees begins when 86% of full skeletal growth has been attained, whereas human adolescence generally commences when 77 percent of full skeletal growth has occurred.

1. Which of the following best describes the main idea of the passage?

A. Researchers have long disagreed about whether data collected in the 1950s indicate that chimpanzees and other apes experience an adolescent growth spurt.

B. Research data collected on chimpanzees living in captivity are inconclusive with respect to chimpanzees living in the wild.

C. The notion that apes do not experience an adolescent growth spurt has been confirmed by research conducted since.

D. Although the idea that apes experience an adolescent growth has received some support, most biologists remain unconvinced.

E. Although researchers agree that chimpanzees do not experience an adolescent growth spurt, they are divided in their opinions of whether this is true of other apes.

2. The passage mentions which of the following as one of the reasons why most biologists remain skeptical that chimpanzees experience a humanlike adolescent growth spurt?

A. Chimpanzees do not experience a demonstrable increase in growth rate until they are fully sexually mature.

B. The increase in growth rate that chimpanzees undergo at sexual maturity is less apparent than that of humans.

C. The increase in growth rate once regarded as a humanlike adolescent growth spurt in chimpanzees is too sporadic to be regarded as significant.

D. Not all chimpanzees undergo a calculable growth spurt.

E. Watt’s approach to analyzing data is considered to be highly unorthodox.

3. The passage suggests which of the following about the adolescent growth spurt that takes place in humans?

A. Its primary effects are found in parts of the body other than the limbs.

B. It is generally completed by the time 77 percent of full skeletal growth is attained.

C. It is normally detectable without the assistance of sophisticated mathematical analysis.

D. The rate of growth is much faster at the beginning of puberty than at any other time.

E. The estimated growth rate varies depending on the methods of measurement that are used.

答案：

D　B　C

GRE考試閱讀真題及答案

Passage 3

Many cultural anthropologists have come to reject the scientific framework of empiricism that dominated the field until the 1970s and now regard all scientific knowledge as socially constructed. They argue that information about cultures during the empiricist era typically came from anthropologists who brought with them a prepackaged set of conscious and unconscious biases. Cultural anthropology, according to the post-1970s critique, is unavoidably subjective, and the anthropologist should be explicit in acknowledging that fact. Anthropology should stop striving to build a better database about cultural behavior and should turn to developing a more humanistic interpretation of cultures. The new framework holds that it may be more enlightening to investigate the biases of earlier texts than to continue with empirical methodologies.

1. The author implies which of the following about most cultural anthropologists working prior to the 1970s?

A. They argued that scientific knowledge was socially constructed.

B. They were explicit in acknowledging the biases inherent in scientific investigation.

C. They regarded scientific knowledge as consisting of empirical truths.

D. They shared the same conscious and unconscious biases.

E. They acknowledged the need for a new scientific framework.

2. According to the passage, “many cultural anthropologists” today would agree that anthropologists should

A. build a better, less subjective database about cultural behavior

B. strive to improve the empirical methodologies used until the 1970s

C. reject the notion that scientific knowledge is socially constructed

D. turn to examining older anthropological texts for unacknowledged biases

E. integrate humanistic interpretations with empirical methodologies