如何做好GRE長篇閱讀
如何做好GRE長篇閱讀?名師為你揭秘,我們來看看吧，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
如何做好GRE長篇閱讀?名師為你揭秘
1、讀原文
GRE閱讀的基本做題方法，就是先讀原文再看題目，看過題目后再根據(jù)題目定位回原文，所以讀原文是做一篇閱讀的第一步。有些讀者已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了先讀題目再看原文的閱讀習(xí)慣，其實，做題的順序要因閱讀特點和出題方式而異，GRE閱讀題目的出題順序和原文幾乎沒有任何聯(lián)系，也就是說第一道題可能考了原文的末尾，而最后一道題可能考的是原文的開始，故先讀題目再讀原文對做題沒有任何幫助，反而有可能擾亂讀者理解原文內(nèi)在的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。
2、讀原文的同時對重點、考點做標(biāo)記
做標(biāo)記是指在讀文章的時候用簡單的符號記錄所讀重點內(nèi)容，這應(yīng)該和讀文章同步進(jìn)行，標(biāo)記可以輕輕做在試卷邊緣，也可以另外寫在草稿紙上。所標(biāo)記的主要目的是為了讀完選項之后能快速、準(zhǔn)確的定位，這個步驟要求讀者熟悉?？伎键c，對應(yīng)做標(biāo)記的內(nèi)容爛熟于胸，這樣才能不費時間的給自己下一步的定位作準(zhǔn)標(biāo)記。
3、讀題干、選項
讀題干的過程也是個找題干特征的過程，看看題干所述和自己所做標(biāo)記的內(nèi)容有沒有聯(lián)系，如果有，則可以直接定位，故定位最主要的基礎(chǔ)是題干與標(biāo)記之間的聯(lián)系。有時候題干可能沒有可以捕捉的特征，這時讀者不妨從選項下手，選項中也時常會有明顯的特征反映出它與原文中的重點內(nèi)容之間的相關(guān)性。
4、定位
定位指的是確定考題針對原文中什么位置的內(nèi)容發(fā)問，通常通過題干和選項的特征詞來找，判斷了原文所述的位置之后，就可以找原文和答案之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系了，絕大多數(shù)題目都可以通過找題干和選項的特征詞準(zhǔn)確的定位到原文某處。
5、(排除干擾選項后)按文字對應(yīng)原則選答案
GRE考試的備選答案都是五個，通常很少有考題能讓讀者非常直接的判斷出正確答案，總有1-2個迷惑性比較大的選項，所以，考生不妨先豎讀各選相，排除一些明顯錯誤的選項，然后再對剩下的進(jìn)行細(xì)致的比較，通過原文和選項之間的文字對應(yīng)關(guān)系，進(jìn)行選擇。
GRE閱讀備考訓(xùn)練
Dogs, unlike people, are capable of pure love—at least according to Freud.
與人類不同，狗對主人的情感是純潔無瑕的——至少弗洛伊德是這么說的。
As ever more Americans live alone, unconditional affection is in demand.
隨著美國獨居人數(shù)的增多，這種無條件的愛更是廣受歡迎。
Pet ownership has risen for decades.
數(shù)十年來，越來越多的人開始飼養(yǎng)寵物。
More than a third of homes have at least one dog, according to the American Veterinary Medical Association.
根據(jù)美國獸醫(yī)協(xié)會的調(diào)查，超過三分之一的家庭養(yǎng)了至少一只寵物狗。
But the popularity of four-legged friends has an icky cost: dogs squeeze out more than twice the waste of the average person, or around 275 pounds a year.
但四條腿朋友的盛行代價也是惱人的：狗年均排泄量比人均兩倍還要多，大概一年在275磅左右。
With over 83m pooches roaming the country, that is a lot of poop.
超過8300萬流浪狗游走在城市之間，這可是個不小的“糞”量。
Around 60% of the stuff gets scooped and trucked to landfills, where it releases methane, a GREenhouse gas.
約60%的糞便會被挖走并運到釋放溫室氣體甲烷的沼氣填埋池。
The rest delivers surprises to pedestrians and can contaminate waterways, as carnivorous diets create pathogen-rich waste.
剩余的便便在驚到路人的同時還會污染河流，因為這種肉食性的飲食會制造出大量攜帶病菌的排泄物。
The problem is particularly bad in cities, where green spaces are few and lonely souls seeking puppy love plentiful.
這個問題在城市里極其嚴(yán)重，因為綠化少，而尋求寵物情感關(guān)愛的孤獨身影卻尤為多。
New York boasts over 600,000 hounds—one for every 14 people—generating over 100,000tons of turd a year.
紐約市以擁有逾60萬只寵物狗而自豪——平均每14個人就會飼養(yǎng)1只——它們一年將會制造10萬多噸排泄物。
Some of it smudges unlucky stilettoes, but most is dutifully tossed into rubbish bins and hauled to landfills, at a cost of over $100 per ton.
一部分會弄臟不走運的穿高跟鞋的女士，而大部分則會被負(fù)責(zé)地扔進(jìn)垃圾箱，運到沼氣填埋池——大概1噸會花費一百多美元。
This is a missed opportunity, says Ron Gonen, the city's former recycling tsar.
“這簡直就是錯失良機。”前城市“回收沙皇”羅恩·戈南說道。
Now in the private sector, he is trying to launch “Sparky Power”, a programme to transform dog waste into clean energy in the city's dog parks.
如今，在私營企業(yè)的他正準(zhǔn)備啟動一項名為“生機能源”的項目，該項目旨在將城市寵物公園的糞便轉(zhuǎn)化成清潔能源。
The idea is to fit parks with small anaerobic digesters.
這個想法的初衷是在公園里安裝小型厭氧化糞器。
Dog owners would place their mongrels' mounds into the machine, which then converts poo togas for powering lamps and other park equipment.
寵物主人把小狗們的糞便放入化糞器，該設(shè)備隨即將糞便轉(zhuǎn)化成氣體燃料，用于為路燈和其他公園設(shè)備供電。
A year-long pilot would introduce digesters in three parks at a cost of around $100m.
一個為期一年的試點項目將花費近1億美元將化糞器投入到三個公園中使用。
The parks department is pondering the proposal.
公園部門正在考慮此項提議。
Similar schemes in other cities have proved short-lived.
類似的方案在其他城市曇花一現(xiàn)。
An underground Energy Transformation Using Reactive Digestion (E-TURD) device created by Arizona State University students for a dog park in Gilbert, Arizona, in 2012 ultimately failed.
亞利桑那州立大學(xué)的一名學(xué)生為吉爾伯特鎮(zhèn)的寵物公園設(shè)計了一套名為E-TURD的地下能源轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)備，該設(shè)備通過化學(xué)消化來實現(xiàn)能源轉(zhuǎn)化。然而該項目最終于2012宣布失敗。
“It's great to turn it into a bio fuel, but first you gotta pick it up,” says Tom Boyd, an entrepreneur in Tennessee.
“把糞便轉(zhuǎn)化成生物燃料的點子真是太棒了，但是首先你得把它們撿起來?！币粋€田納西州的企業(yè)家湯姆·博伊德說道。
His company, Poo Prints, shames the owners of dogs who fail to clean up their messes by testing DNA in uncollected coils.
他的公司“便便印記”通過檢驗便便DNA來讓那些不清理寵物散落的糞便的狗主人無地自容。
There are enough offenders to secure a new customer every two hours, he says.
他說，“罪犯”過多，以至于每兩小時就能為他們帶來一名新客戶。
Most are landlords of smart apartment complexes, but in September the company launches its first district-wide programme—in the London borough of Barking and Dagenham, naturally.
顧客大多數(shù)都是高檔住宅小區(qū)的老板，九月，該公司將開啟首次跨國項目——地點當(dāng)然是在倫敦的巴金達(dá)格南區(qū)。
GRE閱讀備考訓(xùn)練
ONE of Indonesia’s newest brands of beer, Prost, traces its ancestry back to 1948 when Chandra Djojonegoro, a businessman, started selling a “health tonic”, known as Anggur Orang Tua, from the back of a bright-blue lorry at night markets in the coastal city of Semarang.
Prost是印尼的最新啤酒品牌的之一，其源頭可以追溯到1948年，在港口城市三寶壟的夜市上，一個名為Chandra Djojonegoro的商人在貨車車斗里開始出售一種稱為“Anggur Orang Tua”的“保健品”。
A troupe of dancing dwarves would pull in the punters, while Djojonegoro peddled shots of what was, in essence, a fortified herbal wine to fishermen.
一群跳舞的侏儒會攔住船夫們，讓Djojonegoro將這些強化版草藥酒兜售給漁夫們。
It kept them warm during the chilly nights in the Java Sea.
這種酒得以讓他們在爪哇海的寒夜里保持溫暖。
The tonic is still sold in bottles with distinctive labels depicting an old Chinese man with a thick white beard.
如今這種補酒仍然以瓶裝出售，并且?guī)в歇毺氐臉?biāo)簽——一個長著厚厚白胡子的中國老人。
The company that makes it now produces a vast range of consumer goods, and Prost beer is the latest addition to its range.
它的公司現(xiàn)在生產(chǎn)著多種多樣的消費品，而Prost啤酒是最新產(chǎn)品。
It is made in a $50m brewery that opened in August 2015, filled with shiny stainless-steel machinery from Germany.
生產(chǎn)Prost的這個耗資5000萬美元的啤酒廠于2015年8月建成，里面是閃閃發(fā)亮的不銹鋼德國機器。
Thomas Dosy, chief executive of the subsidiary that produces Prost, says that given Orang Tua’s history in the booze business it was natural for the company to move into Indonesia’s $1bn-a-year beer market.
生產(chǎn)Prost酒的子公司的首席執(zhí)行官Thomas Dosy表示，從Orang Tua酒經(jīng)營的歷史看，進(jìn)入印度尼西亞的年消費額十億美元的啤酒市場是自然而然的事。
It will not be straightforward.
但這將不是一件簡單的事情。
Conservative Muslim groups have become more assertive.
保守派穆斯林組織態(tài)度變得更加強硬。
Only months before the brewery opened, the government slapped a ban on the sale of beer at the small shops where most people buy their groceries.
在釀酒廠開工的短短數(shù)月前，政府頒布法令禁止在小商店里出售啤酒，而那里是大部分人購買日常用品的地方。
It led to a 13% slump in sales, according to Euromonitor, a research firm.
負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)查研究的歐睿公司稱，這項禁令已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致銷售業(yè)績下滑了13%。
The government minister who issued the decree has since been sacked, but his ban remains in place.
宣布這一禁令的政府官員已下臺，但這項禁令依然存在。
And Muslim parties in parliament are still not satisfied.
而國會中的穆斯林政黨仍不滿意。
They are pushing legislation that would ban the production, distribution and consumption of all alcoholic beverages.
他們正在推進(jìn)立法，要求禁止生產(chǎn)、分銷和購買所有酒精飲料。
Drinkers could face two years in jail.
飲酒者可能會面臨兩年監(jiān)禁。
The law is unlikely to pass.
這條法令不太可能會通過。
Muslim parties control less than one-third of the legislature’s seats.
因為穆斯林政黨在立法機構(gòu)僅占不到三分之一的席位。
The government is proposing a far more limited law aimed at curbing the production of toxic home-brews, known as oplosan, which are responsible for nearly all alcohol-related deaths in Indonesia.
政府正提出一個范圍更有限的法案，其旨在遏制人們生產(chǎn)有毒的自釀酒，在印尼，幾乎所有的酒精致死事件都與自釀酒有關(guān)。
Turning Indonesia dry would be seen by many people as an affront to the cultural diversity of the sprawling archipelago, which has large Buddhist, Christian and Hindu minorities, as well as many Muslims who are partial to a cool one.
在很多人看來，印尼禁酒是對這個群島國家文化多樣性的公然挑戰(zhàn)，因為這里有佛教、__、少數(shù)印度教，同時還有很多得到偏愛的穆斯林教徒。
Brewers argue that alcohol is not an import from the decadent West, as the puritans often claim, but has been produced and consumed in Indonesia for at least 700 years.
釀酒商認(rèn)為，酒不是像清教徒聲稱的墮落的西方的舶來品，它已經(jīng)在印度尼西亞生產(chǎn)和消費了700年以上。
“It is part of the culture of Indonesia,” says Michael Chin, chief executive of Multi Bintang, the country’s biggest brewer.
印尼最大的啤酒商星星啤酒公司的董事長Michael Chin說：“喝酒是印尼文化的一部分?！?/p>
Indonesians consume less than one litre of alcohol per head a year, belying Muslim groups’ claims that booze is creating a health crisis.
印尼每年人均喝不到一公升酒，與穆斯林團(tuán)體聲稱的酒正在損害人們的健康不符。
Still, even without a national prohibition, Islamists will push for local bans—such as the one in force in Aceh since 2005 and adopted elsewhere.
但是，就算沒有國家禁令，伊斯蘭教徒們也會推動地方立法禁酒，就像那個從2005年開始先在亞齊省生效，然后推廣到各處的法令一樣。
Beyond booze, the state-backed council of clerics, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) , has in recent years passed edicts condemning everything from homosexual partnerships to the wearing of Santa hats.
受政府支持的印度尼西亞伊斯蘭學(xué)者理事會近年來還通過了一系列的法令譴責(zé)除酒以外的很多事情，從同性戀關(guān)系到戴圣誕帽都有涉及。
Although these have no legal force under Indonesia’s secular constitution, vigilantes have sometimes used the edicts to target revellers as well as religious and sexual minorities.
雖然這些法令在印度尼西亞的世俗憲法之下并沒有法律效力，但是義警會時常利用這些法令去攻擊一些喝酒狂歡的人、宗教少數(shù)群體和性少數(shù)群體。
Partly at the MUI's urging, parliament has passed sweeping anti-pornography laws, which some Indonesians see as a threat to artistic and cultural liberties.
一定程度上來說，正是在伊斯蘭學(xué)者理事會的督促下，國會通過了大量的反色情法，這些法律被一些印度尼西亞人視為對藝術(shù)自由和文化自由的威脅。
Muslim groups are petitioning the courts to interpret the law in a way that would criminalise extramarital sex.
穆斯林團(tuán)體還要求法院將婚外性行為按有罪處理。
They are also making more use of laws against blasphemy—notably in the trial against the governor of Jakarta, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, a Christian of Chinese descent.
他們還越來越多地利用反瀆神的法律，尤其是在起訴雅加達(dá)省長鐘萬學(xué)一案中,鐘萬學(xué)是一名華裔__徒。
Still, for a country with the world’s largest Muslim population, Indonesia is remarkably permissive.
盡管如此，印度尼西亞作為全世界穆斯林人口最多的國家還是相當(dāng)?shù)膶捜莸摹?/p>
Night spots in Jakarta, the capital, and tourist magnets such as the island of Bali have their raunchy sides.
在首都雅加達(dá)的夜總會或者巴厘島這樣的游客聚集地也有很多粗俗的方面。
In Semarang, Mr Dosy predicts steady growth in domestic sales of 8-9% per year, buoyed by a growing number of middle-class tipplers.
在三寶壟，Dosy先生預(yù)測國內(nèi)銷售受日益壯大的中產(chǎn)階級貪杯客的影響，將以每年8%—9%的速度平穩(wěn)增長。
Most Indonesians, proud of their tradition of tolerance, will be hoping that he is right.
許多印度尼西亞人對他們寬容的傳統(tǒng)非常驕傲，也希望他是對的。
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