詳解GRE高分寫作3大定律
詳解GRE高分寫作3大定律, 清晰準確簡潔一個都不能少。今天小編給大家?guī)碓斀釭RE高分寫作3大定律 ,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
詳解GRE高分寫作3大定律 清晰準確簡潔一個都不能少
新GRE寫作定律之一：清晰
文章的清晰體現(xiàn)在讀者能夠很容易理解作者講述的內(nèi)容。為保證所寫文章清晰明了，寫作時有兩點一定要加以注意：
一是越確切具體越好。在這一方面，作者首先應明確了解自己所要傳達的信息、讀者的范圍及特點，然后再選擇相關(guān)信息，采用某種文體格式傳遞給讀者。也就是說，寫作必須要以特定讀者為對象，以讓讀者能夠明確接受作者所傳遞的信息為宗旨。盡量以客觀陳述為主，少主觀臆測推斷;盡量明確無誤表達，少模棱兩可評論，這是使文章清晰確切的寫作準則。
二是組織結(jié)構(gòu)富有邏輯性。文章結(jié)構(gòu)富邏輯性會讓讀者很輕松地讀懂作者要表達的思想內(nèi)容。文章的這種邏輯性可以通過采用從一般到具體、從“全景”到細節(jié)、從問題的定義到分析再到提出解決方案等多種方式來體現(xiàn)。
新GRE寫作定律之二：準確
要使文章語義表達準確，首先要盡量不要在學術(shù)文章中出現(xiàn)“大概、也許”之類模棱兩可的詞語，避免出現(xiàn)容易讓人困惑和誤解的詞語和表達法;其次，要盡量避免使用那些有多種含義的詞語和表達法。例如：Singapore is a fine country這句話中的fine一詞有多種含義，如“好的、細小的、罰款”等。日常生活中這樣使用沒有問題，但在寫作時一定要避免使用這種容易產(chǎn)生歧義的多義詞。
新GRE寫作定律之三：簡潔
直截了當、切中要點是保證文章簡潔的最好寫作形式。與中文寫作相比，英文寫作非常強調(diào)直奔主題、簡單明快的寫作風格。例如，在寫作一個段落時，常常將概括段落主要內(nèi)容的主題句(topic sentence)作為段落的首句，以便讓讀者迅速明確本段要講述的內(nèi)容。另外，寫作時盡量將每個句子寫得簡短一些，少用或不用冗長的復合句。切記：短小精練的句子表達的意思才強而有力。
GRE寫作能力的提高技巧
NO8-1，我們從“詞句篇章”來談談這篇文章。
Geologists have long known that the Earth‘s mantle is heterogeneous， but its spatial arrangement remains unresolved―is the mantle essentially layered or irregularly heterogeneous? The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands， islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle，are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system， whose source， most geologists contend， is the upper mantle.Some geologists， however， on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths， argue that the mantle is not layered， but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in "incompatible elements" (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state) percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly， according to the vagaries of the fluids‘ pathways. We believe， perhaps unimaginatively， that this debate can be resolved through further study， and that the underexplored midocean ridge system is the key.
一、難詞
spatial： a.1.空間的，太空的;2.存在(或者發(fā)生)于宇宙空間的
plume： n.1.羽狀物2.柱，地柱
xenolith：俘虜巖
percolate：v.1.滲透2.擴散到，彌漫于
portions： n.一部分
二、難句
the best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands，islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle，are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system， whose source，most geologists contend，is the upper mantle. (5 -)
對于地幔分層論點來說，最好的證據(jù)乃這樣一個確認的事實，即在那些海洋島嶼這些島嶼據(jù)信是源于由下層地幔升上來的地幔柱狀溶巖流(mantle plume)上發(fā)現(xiàn)的火山巖石，是由與海洋中部山脊系統(tǒng)的物質(zhì)根本不同的物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的，而這一海洋中部山脊系統(tǒng)的成因，大多數(shù)地質(zhì)學家論辯道，為上部地幔。
難句類型：復雜修飾、插入語
解釋：本句前面的主干并不算難，即the evidence is the fact that，難就難在fact之后說明fact 的同位語從句。此從句中既有大段插入語，又有從句，較為難讀。同位語從句的主語是volcanic rocks，主語后面的found on oceanic islands是分詞修飾volcanic rocks的;islands后面又有一個說明islands的同位語islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle，此同位語實際起到一個分隔主謂的同位語的作用。
其后是謂語動詞are composed/of fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system， whose source， most geologists contend， is the upper mantle.
句中有一些專有詞匯。如果拋開文章不說，單看這一個句子，則句首的layered mantle thesis就難以理解。但是如果讀者能夠讀懂句子的大致意思，看到layered mantle thesisr最有力證據(jù)就是其材料fundamentally different from… the upper mantle，這應該可以推測出，既然不同于上層地幔，則這個理論一定是在說地幔有不同的層面。
some geologists，however，on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths， argue that the mantle is not layered，but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in "incompatible elements" (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state)percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly，according to the vagaries of the fluids‘ pathways. (4+)
但是，某些地質(zhì)學家，以對地幔捕虜巖體(xenolith)所作的觀察為依據(jù)，指出地幔并非是分層排列的，相反，地幔的異質(zhì)性是由那些富含“不相容成分”的流質(zhì)構(gòu)成的，這些成分趨向于流體而非固體的狀態(tài)，自下而上滲透擴散，并依照這些流質(zhì)流向的任意性，不規(guī)則地將上部地幔的某些部分予以改變。
難句類型：復雜修飾、插入語
解釋：本句的主句中有一個長插入語however，on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths，割裂了主謂，但句子的主要難度還是在that引導的賓語從句中，從句中有由but 所連接的兩個句子，一起延續(xù)到句末。首選是rich in incompatible elements修飾fluids;后面又有一個同位語和一個分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，都是修飾incompatible elements的，最后還有一個狀語來修飾那個分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，層層修飾，比較復雜。
三、文章結(jié)構(gòu)
Ts是文章的第一句，因此這一篇短文章是結(jié)論解釋型。文章開始說出了地幔是heterogeneous，然后又指出了他的spatial arrangement remains unresolved，然后提出了兩種理論，一是layyered-mantle thesis，另外一個是irregularly heterogeneous.然后分別對這兩種理論進行describe.最后指出，We believe，perhaps unimaginatively， that this debate can be resolved through further study， and that the underexplored midocean ridge system is the key.
GRE寫作提綱的注意事項
1、什么時候開始練習在?？紩r加入提綱?
比較適合的是在最后10天到一周的樣子。因為這首先需要在一定高強度的寫作練習之后，再者，需要對題目已經(jīng)有了一定的把握。很多的提綱在之前都大體列過。然后在限時中加入提綱的寫作。
2、用多長時間列GRE作文提綱?
我的經(jīng)驗是ISSUE總體比ARGU短。ISSUE大體要2-3分鐘，ARGU怎么都要3分鐘?？赡芤?分鐘。
3、提綱里都要包含些什么?
對ISSUE來說，讀第一遍題目時把關(guān)鍵詞提出來，接著將核心話題列出來，根據(jù)這個話題開始一條一條列出你要寫的東西;ARGU來說，因為題目比較長，所以讀題的時間就要比前者長。
第一遍建議先把每一個意群講的是什么簡要提出來，排上序號;第二從這些小短句分析其文章結(jié)構(gòu)和主要錯誤;第三把自己對錯誤的闡述順序列出來。這樣差不多是可以的了。
4、列GRE作文提綱的一些技巧
需要在練習中找到自己的記錄法，哪種縮寫是自己看得明了的。要記出來的摘要最后自己還要辨析幾分鐘。建議在平時列提綱的時候就有意識的做一下限定時間練習，看2-3分鐘能不能把大體的框架列出來。
其他：我覺得如果正確掌握提綱的寫法和時間分配問題，將是對于AW的核心實力的一種提高。對比于其他人，無論如何都是要略勝一籌的。
GRE寫作樣題解析
The Analytical Writing section of the GRE? revised General Test consists of two separately timed analytical writing tasks:
1.An Analyze an Issue task
2.An Analyze an Argument task
Analyze An Issue Task
The Analyze an Issue task assesses your ability to think critically about a topic of general interest and to clearly express your thoughts about it in writing. Each issue statement makes a claim that you can discuss from various perspectives and apply to many different situations or conditions. The issue statement is followed by a set of specific instructions. The specific instructions could be one of the following:
1.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
2.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.
3.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons or examples that could be used to challenge your position.
4.Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented above.
5.Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim AND the reason on which that claim is based.
6.Write a response in which you discuss your views on the policy above and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider the possible consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your position.
Analyze An Argument Task
The Analyze an Argument task assesses your ability to understand, analyze and evaluate arguments and to clearly convey your evaluation in writing. You are presented with a brief passage in which the author makes a case for some course of action or interpretation of events by presenting claims backed by reasons and evidence. Your task is to discuss the logical soundness of the author's case according to the specific instructions by critically examining the line of reasoning and the use of evidence. The specific instructions could be one of the following:
1.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
2.Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
3.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
4.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the advice and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the advice.
5.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
6.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
7.Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
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詳解GRE高分寫作3大定律
