托福閱讀遭遇文章有術(shù)語詞匯怎么辦?

托福閱讀遭遇文章有術(shù)語詞匯怎么辦?備考需提前了解這3類熱點話題專用詞,小編給大家?guī)砹藗淇夹杼崆傲私膺@3類熱點話題專用詞，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀遭遇文章有術(shù)語詞匯怎么辦?備考需提前了解這3類熱點話題專用詞

提升托福閱讀詞匯要按照話題頻率

雖然托福閱讀文章選材類型眾多，但其中大部分文章的閱讀難度還是比較低的，而生詞出現(xiàn)較為集中的文章也有跡可循?？忌灰攸c準(zhǔn)備一些應(yīng)對這類話題的詞匯，在小編看來就能較為有效地解決閱讀考試中遇到生詞的問題。當(dāng)然，對于學(xué)術(shù)性很強的專業(yè)詞匯，一方面大家在記憶時也不用像記住其他核心詞匯那樣深度背誦，只要能夠確?；镜谋孀R就可以了;另一方面如果詞匯專業(yè)性太強，托福文章本身也會給出解釋，一般以同位語形式直接緊跟在生詞之后，或者以比較明顯的方式在同段落的其它位置提供說明。所以，大家只需要適當(dāng)記憶一些常見生詞話題的術(shù)語詞匯就可以了。

托福閱讀3大話題常見詞匯匯總分析

那么，托福閱讀哪些話題的文章比較容易出現(xiàn)較多生詞需要考生記憶呢?小編總結(jié)下來主要有這3類：

1. 氣候生態(tài)環(huán)境類話題

這類話題因為如今見諸報端較多，涉及到瀕危動物保護或者環(huán)境問題，所以是托福閱讀話題中的常客，考生經(jīng)?？梢栽谧龈黝惥毩?xí)真題以及考試中遇到。而這個話題對應(yīng)的詞匯，比如unpredictable無法預(yù)測的，range幅度，extinction滅絕，endangered瀕危，tropical熱帶，jungle叢林，equatorial赤道等等，大家都需要有所了解，收集好相關(guān)詞匯。

2. 人類歷史及考古學(xué)話題

這個話題最近幾年也頗為受到托?？荚?的話題，選取自這個話題的托福閱讀文章層出不窮。特別是涉及到歷史的話題，具體文章內(nèi)容實在太多，比如人類文化變遷，古代人類生活習(xí)慣等等。而一旦出現(xiàn)這種話題，很多相關(guān)詞匯也常會讓考生覺得頭疼，畢竟對這類話題感興趣的同學(xué)實在算不上多。這些詞匯請大家適當(dāng)了解一下：relics遺跡，remains遺跡，mausoleum陵墓，handicraft工藝品，territorial領(lǐng)土，civilization文明。

3. 地理天文學(xué)話題

這個話題因為比較生僻，一直以來都被托?？荚嚹脕碜鳛闉殡y考生性質(zhì)的文章。這類文章即使是看中文也往往很難理解，因此考生的答題正確率和完成度都是明顯比較低的。有鑒于此，小編希望大家能夠重點積累話題相關(guān)的詞匯，以提升對文章的理解能力。常見詞匯有：volcano火山，layer 巖層，karst喀斯特地形，permeable可滲透，meteo隕石，asteroid小行星等等。

對于以上這些話題相關(guān)的詞匯，小編建議大家能夠重點準(zhǔn)備。假如在備考中遇到涉及這些話題的文章，也希望大家能夠認(rèn)真研究看懂，特別是其中出現(xiàn)的一些詞匯需要收集以后做簡單記憶，如此才能確保在托福考試中不會因為遇到陌生話題的文章而影響理解和解題。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：巖石藝術(shù)研究人員的描述術(shù)語

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

The frequency with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term—the Panaramitee style—a label which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North indesert South Australia, which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface.

詞匯講解：

motif /m??'ti?f/ n. 裝飾的圖案或式樣;(音樂的)樂旨,(文學(xué)的)主題.

term n. 術(shù)語

peck /pek/ v. <鳥>以喙啄

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

The frequency (with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites) has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term—the Panaramitee style—alabel (which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North in desertSouth Australia),(which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface.)

深度分析：

這個句子的主干：The frequency has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term

注意這里的lead...to短語

修飾一：(with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites) ，從句，修飾the frequency

中文：一些簡單圖案出現(xiàn)在這些最古老遺址上

修飾二：(which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia) ，從句修飾a label，注意這個從句里面還有兩個介詞短語：

which takes its name (from the extensive rock pavements)(at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia)

(from the extensive rock pavements) ，來自寬廣的巖石路面

(at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia)，在澳大利亞南部沙漠Panaramitee North

中文：取名于在澳大利亞南部沙漠Panaramitee North寬廣的巖石路面

修飾三：(which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface.) ，從句，修飾rock pavements，注意這個從句里面還有個非謂語動詞：

which are covered with motifs (pecked into the surface.)

(pecked into the surface.)，刻進路面

中文：這些路面被刻進表面的圖案所覆蓋

參考翻譯：

一些簡單圖案出現(xiàn)在這些最古老遺址上的頻率使得巖石藝術(shù)研究人員采用了一個描述性的術(shù)語——Panaramitee風(fēng)格——這個稱號取名于在澳大利亞南部沙漠Panaramitee North寬廣的巖石路面，這些路面被刻進表面的圖案所覆蓋。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：暗箱設(shè)備產(chǎn)生圖像的方式

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper,were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detail ed views of the city of Venice.

詞匯講解：

camera obscura n. 暗箱

pinhole n. 小孔，針孔

topographical /?t?p?'ɡr?fik?l/ adj. 地形上的，地形學(xué)的

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

The images (produced by the camera obscura), (a boxlike device) (that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper), were already familiar—the device had been much employed (bytopographical artists) (like the Italian painter Canaletto) (in his detailed views of the city of Venice).

深度分析：

這個句子的主干就是The images were already familiar

本句中的斷句請?zhí)貏e注意一下，主語和謂語被非謂語動詞以及從句隔開了。

修飾一：(produced by the camera obscura) ，非謂語動詞，修飾the images

中文：由暗箱所產(chǎn)生的

修飾二：(a boxlike device) ，同位語

中文：盒裝設(shè)備

修飾三：(that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper) ，從句，修飾a boxlike device)

中文：用一個小孔或透鏡把一張圖像投射到一塊毛玻璃或一張紙上

修飾四：(by topographical artists) ，介詞短語

中文：通過地形藝術(shù)家

修飾五：(like the Italian painter Canaletto)，介詞短語

中文：像意大利畫家Canaletto

修飾六：(in his detailed views of the city of Venice)，介詞短語

中文：在詳細(xì)呈現(xiàn)威尼斯風(fēng)景時

參考翻譯：

由暗箱(一種盒裝設(shè)備，用一個小孔或透鏡把一張圖像投射到一塊毛玻璃或一張紙上)所產(chǎn)生的圖像已經(jīng)很熟悉了——這種設(shè)備已經(jīng)被地形藝術(shù)家使用，例如意大利畫家Canaletto在詳細(xì)呈現(xiàn)威尼斯風(fēng)景時使用了這種設(shè)備。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：全新快拍攝影證實科學(xué)結(jié)果

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

The new candid photography—unposed pictures that were made when the subjects were unaware that their pictures were being taken—confirmed these scientific results, and at the same time, thanks to the radical cropping (trimming) of images that the camera often imposed, suggested new compositional formats.

詞匯講解：

candid photography n. 快拍攝影

subject n. 對象

radical /'r?d?kl/ adj. 根本的，基本的，徹底的

crop v. 剪短

impose /?m'p??z/ v. 將某事物強加於

compositional adj. 組成的

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

The new candid photography—(unposed pictures) (that were made) (when the subjects were unaware) (that their pictures were being taken)—confirmed these scientific results, and (at the same time), (thanks to the radical cropping (trimming) of images)(that the camera often imposed), suggested new compositional formats.

深度分析：

這個句子主干：

The new candid photography confirmed these scientific results and suggested new compositional formats.

修飾一：(unposed pictures) ，非謂語動詞，修飾The new candid photography

中文：沒有擺拍的照片

修飾二：(that were made) ，從句，修飾unposed pictures

中文：被拍

修飾三：(when the subjects were unaware) ，從句

中文：當(dāng)對象沒有意識到

修飾四：(that their pictures were beingtaken)，從句

中文：他們正在被拍

修飾五：(at the same time) ，介詞短語

中文：同時

修飾六：(thanks to the radical cropping(trimming) of images) ，介詞短語

中文：由于對于圖像徹底的裁剪

修飾七：(that the camera often imposed) ，從句

中文：相機經(jīng)常自帶有

參考翻譯：

這種新的快拍攝影——在對象沒有意識到他們正在被拍時，沒有擺拍的照片——證實了這些科學(xué)結(jié)果，與此同時，由于相機經(jīng)常自帶對于圖像徹底的裁剪，表明了新的構(gòu)圖方式。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：人的思維形成認(rèn)知流動性

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

It is archaeologist Steven Mithen's thesis, brilliantly developed in his book The Prehistory of the Mind (1996), that approximately 40,000 years ago the human mind developed cognitive fluidity, that is, the integration of the specializations of the mind: technical, natural history (geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources), social intelligence, and the linguistic capacity.

詞匯講解：

archaeologist /?ɑ:ki'?l?d?ist/ n. 考古學(xué)家

cognitive /?k?ɡnitiv/ adj. 認(rèn)知的

fluidity /flu:'id?ti/ n. 流動性

integration /?nt?'gre??(?)n/ n. 整合，熔合

gear /g??/ v. 調(diào)整，適用于

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

It is archaeologist Steven Mithen's thesis, (brilliantly developed in his book The Prehistory of the Mind (1996)), (that approximately 40,000 years ago the human mind developed cognitive fluidity), (that is), (the integration of the specializations of the mind: technical, natural history (geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources), social intelligence, and the linguistic capacity. )

深度分析：

這個句子的主干就是It is archaeologist Steven Mithen's thesis+后面的同位語從句，斷句要注意，中間被非謂語動詞 (brilliantly developed in his book The Prehistory of the Mind (1996))隔開了

修飾一：(brilliantly developed in his bookThe Prehistory of the Mind (1996)) ，非謂語動詞，修飾thesis

中文：在他的書《The Prehistory of the Mind》(1996)中完美形成

修飾二：(that approximately 40,000 years ago the human mind developed cognitive fluidity) ，從句，解釋thesis

中文：大約四萬年前，人的思維形成了認(rèn)知流動性

修飾三：(that is) ，插入語

中文：那就是

修飾四：(the integration of the specializations of the mind: technical, natural history (geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources), social intelligence, and the linguistic capacity. ) ，同位語，解釋cognitive fluidity。

其中還有一個非謂語動詞(geared to understanding the behavior and distribution of natural resources)，修飾history

中文：即思想專業(yè)化的融合：技術(shù)、自然歷史(用于去理解自然資源的運轉(zhuǎn)和分配)、社會智力以及語言能力。

參考翻譯：

考古學(xué)家Steven Mithen的命題——這在他的書《The Prehistory of the Mind》(1996)中完美形成——認(rèn)為：大約四萬年前，人的思維形成了認(rèn)知流動性，即思想專業(yè)化的融合：技術(shù)、自然歷史(用于去理解自然資源的運轉(zhuǎn)和分配)、社會智力以及語言能力。