GRENO題難句摘錄及分析
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GRE NO題難句摘錄及分析
1.That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number ofdescendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted。
那種性別比例能在最大程度上增加一個個體所能擁有的后代數(shù)量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所傳遞到后代身上去的基因復(fù)制品的數(shù)量。
2.Hardys weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones。
哈代的缺陷一方面緣起于他的某種明顯的無能，無法控制好那結(jié)不盡相同的創(chuàng)作沖動的穿梭往來;另一方面緣起于他不愿意去培養(yǎng)和維持那些富于生機活力和風(fēng)險性強的創(chuàng)作沖動。
3.Virginia Woolfs provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs。 Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the 詩性小說家所形成的傳統(tǒng)見解大相徑庭。所謂的詩性小說家，所關(guān)注的是審視想入非非和白日夢幻的諸般狀態(tài)，并致力于追尋個體意識的通幽曲徑。
4.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slavespreference，revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy。
雖然古特曼承認(rèn)，由于奴隸買賣而造成的被迫離散甚為頻繁，但他還是證明，奴隸的偏愛在那些奴隸買賣并不頻繁的種植園上被最為顯著地揭示出來在很大程度上側(cè)重于穩(wěn)定的一夫一妻制。
5.Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African andd American experiences。
古特曼人令人信服地論辨道，黑人家庭的穩(wěn)定有助于包括民間傳說、音樂、及宗教表達(dá)在內(nèi)的黑人文化遺產(chǎn)一代一代傳遞下去，因而在維持文化遺產(chǎn)方面也起著至關(guān)重要的作用，而對于這種文化遺產(chǎn)，黑奴們不斷地從其非洲和美洲的經(jīng)歷中予以豐富發(fā)展。
6.This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests，may have derived fromWest African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribal group to another，all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin。
古特曼表示，這種對于外部通婚的偏愛很有可能緣起于西部非洲制約著婚姻的規(guī)定，盡管這些規(guī)定在一個和另一個部落群體之間不盡相同，但都涉及到某種對近親聯(lián)姻的禁止。
8. Such variations in size，shape，chemistry，conduction speed，excitation threshold，and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
9.Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved，the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view，namely，that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as common currency throughout the nervous system。 Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size，number，arrangement，and interconnection of the nerve cells，but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned，the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences。 Although some experiments show that，as an object becomes familiar，its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel，the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis，at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar。
雖然某些實驗表明，隨著一個物體變得熟悉起來，其內(nèi)心再現(xiàn)圖像亦更具整體感，辨認(rèn)過程相應(yīng)地更趨于平行，但證據(jù)的砝碼似乎在支持序列假設(shè)，至少是對于那些不甚簡單、不甚熟悉的物體來說。
10.In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement，historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods。
在很大程度上，由于女權(quán)主義運動的緣故，史學(xué)家近年來匯聚了大量的注意力，來更為準(zhǔn)確地確定婦女在各個歷史時期的地位。
GRE NO題難句摘錄及分析
11.Thus，for instance，it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom，but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin，magnetic dipole，and relativistic effects;and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field- theoretical equations。
因此，舉例來說，對數(shù)學(xué)家而言，了解到下述情形可能會令其驚愕不已，即薛定諤的氫原子方程式并非是對該原子作出的一種絕然正確的描述，而僅僅是個近似值，趨近于一個在某種程度上更為正確的將自旋、磁性偶極子、以及相對論效應(yīng)考慮在內(nèi)的方程式;而這個得以糾正的方程式就其本身而言也只是一個不完美的近似值，趨近于無窮無盡的一整套量子場論方程式。
12.The physicist rightly dreads precise argument，since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed，whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions。
物理學(xué)家恐懼于那些精確無誤的論據(jù)不無道理，因為某種只有在它是精確無誤的條件下才令人置信的論據(jù)，一旦它賴于建立其上的假設(shè)稍有變化，便會失去它一部的作用;而與此相反，一個盡管并不精確無誤但卻令人置信的論據(jù)，在其基本假設(shè)稍微受干擾的情況下，仍然有可能是站得住腳的。
13.However，as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a womens group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres，who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon。
起初，藍(lán)襪女們確實模仿了法國沙龍女主人，將男性襄括到其小圈子中來。然則，隨著她們獲得的凝聚力，她們漸趨將自己視作一女性團(tuán)體，并擁有了一種婦女團(tuán)結(jié)意識，而這種意識在法國沙龍女主人身上則蕩然無存，因為她們每個人在其自己的沙龍中自視甚高而彼此孤立隔絕開來。
14.As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them。
隨著我的研究不斷深入，我對昆蟲和脊椎動物群落之間的功能類似性印象愈來愈深刻，而對結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異印象愈發(fā)淡漠，雖然這些結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異初看上去似乎構(gòu)成了二者間一條無法愈越的鴻溝。
15. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise。
雖然小說無疑起源于政治情狀，但其作者則是以非意識形態(tài)的方式對這些政治情狀作出反應(yīng)的，而將小說和故事主要地當(dāng)作意識形態(tài)的工具來探討，會在相當(dāng)程度上阻礙小說事業(yè)。
GRE NO題難句摘錄及分析
16.Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of，or trying to forge，a different kind of aesthetic?
這究竟是一種缺陷呢，或者是否表明，這些作者是在按照一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作，抑或是在試圖創(chuàng)立一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系?
17.Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man。
《黑人小說》考察了極為廣泛的一系列小說，在此過程中讓我們注意到了某些引人入勝但卻鮮為人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韋爾登。約翰遜的《一個曾經(jīng)是有色人的自傳》。
18.Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths，where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated，to pass through，they absorb some of the longer-wavelength，infrared emissions radiated from the Earths surface，radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space。
雖然這些分子允許可見波長的輻射自然表露的情感、思維、以及行動方式。
20.A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove，that the grazers had removed most of the algae。
在存在大量食草動物的同時卻只有少量的水藻花粉囊，這暗示出但沒能證明食草動物已吞噬了大部分水藻。
21.Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community graz-ing rates by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers。
由哈格雷夫和吉恩所進(jìn)行的研究，對自然條件下的群落食草比例進(jìn)行了估計，其手段是通過測量出實驗室內(nèi)單獨的浮游動物種類的結(jié)食比例，然后利用已知的食草動物種群密度，計算出實地狀況下的群落食草比例。
22.In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance，that is，in the late spring and in the summer，Haney recorded maximum daily com-munity grazing rates，for nutrient-poor lakes and bog lakes，respectively，of 6。6 percent and 114 percent of daily phytoplankton production。
在浮游動物數(shù)量激增的高峰期，亦即在春季后期以及夏季，哈尼記錄了最大程度上的每日群落食草比率，對于營養(yǎng)物不充足的湖和沼澤湖而言，分別為每日浮游植物繁殖量的6。6%和114%。
23.The hydrologic cycle，a major topic in this science，is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes，beginning as atmospheric water vapor，passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation，thence along and into the ground surface，and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration。
水文循環(huán)，作為該學(xué)科中的一個主要課題，指的是水所經(jīng)過的諸現(xiàn)象的整個循環(huán)過程，開始時是作為大氣中的水蒸氣，轉(zhuǎn)而作為雨、雪、露、雹一類的降水量經(jīng)過液體和固體形態(tài)，由此而沿著地層表面分布或進(jìn)入地層表面，最終通過蒸發(fā)和散發(fā)作用再度回復(fù)到大氣水蒸氣的形態(tài)。
24.The historian Frederick J. Turner wrote in the 1890s that the agrarian discontent that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated by the closing of the internal frontiers，historians who studied preindustrial Europe began，for the first time in large numbers，to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2or3 percent who comprised the political and social elite：the kings，generals，judges，nobles，bishops，and local magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books。
二十世紀(jì)五十年代早期，研究前工業(yè)化時代歐洲的史學(xué)家，首次以眾多的人數(shù)，開始調(diào)查前工業(yè)化時代歐洲人口中的大多數(shù)，而非那些構(gòu)成了政治與社會精英階層的百分之二或三的人口，即國王、將軍、法官、貴族、主教、以及地方上的達(dá)官顯貴，而正是這部分人一直到那時為止普遍充斥于史學(xué)著作。
GRE NO題難句摘錄及分析
26.Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories，which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups and have revealed how the authorities administered justice。
象勒羅伊·拉迪里一類的史學(xué)家利用這些文獻(xiàn)史料從中挖掘出某些個案史來，闡明了不同社會群體的態(tài)度，并揭示出當(dāng)局是如何執(zhí)行審判的。
27.My point is that its central consciousnesss livesowes much to that earlier literary heritage，a heritage that，in general，has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics。
我的論點是，其作品的中心意識它將階級和性別作為人們生活的決定性影響而作出的深邃理解在很大程度上借鑒了那個早期的文學(xué)遺產(chǎn)，而這一遺產(chǎn)就總體而言還尚未獲得大多數(shù)當(dāng)代文學(xué)評論家的足夠重視。
28.But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each othernatural constitution：specifically，the idea of inserting into nonleguminous plants the genes，if they can be identified and isolated，that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria。 Hence，the intensified research on legumes。
這其中的一個新穎思想就是，在植物的染色體內(nèi)注入并非是該植物自然構(gòu)造一個部分的那些不相關(guān)聯(lián)的因基：具體而言，這一思想是，在非豆科植物內(nèi)注入這樣一些基因，倘若這些基因可被辨識出來并被分離開來，而這些基因業(yè)已使豆科植物宜于充當(dāng)那些具備固氮作用的細(xì)菌的寄主。由此，對豆科植物的研究日趨深入。
33.It is one of natures great ironies that the availability of nitrogen in the soil frequently sets an upper limit on plant growth even though the plantsleaves are bathed in a sea of nitrogen gas。
下述情形真可謂是自然界的一個莫大諷刺：土壤中所能獲得的氮肥量往往對植物的生長構(gòu)成了一個上限，雖然植物的葉子被沐浴在一片氮氣的海洋中。
34.Unless they succeed，the yield gains of the Green Revolution will be largely lost even if the genes in legumes that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers are identified and isolated，and even if the transfer of those gene complexes，once they are found，becomes possible。
除非他們能取得成功，不然的話，綠色革命的產(chǎn)量收益將在很大程度上損失殆盡，即使豆科植物中使這些植物有條件進(jìn)入到與固氮細(xì)菌共生關(guān)系的基因可被辨識出來和分離開來的話，且即使這些基因綜合體，一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)之后，其移植得以成為可能的話。
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