GRE閱讀提升長難句應(yīng)對能力3個(gè)訓(xùn)練要點(diǎn)解讀

GRE閱讀提升長難句應(yīng)對能力3個(gè)訓(xùn)練要點(diǎn)解讀,我們一起來看看吧，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

GRE閱讀提升長難句應(yīng)對能力3個(gè)訓(xùn)練要點(diǎn)解讀

訓(xùn)練長難句既要會分析也要會做題

市面上關(guān)于GRE閱讀長難句的備考教材很多，比如著名的《GRE&GMAT閱讀難句教程》就是其中一例。但這類教材存在一個(gè)較為普遍的問題，那就是理論層面上講解長難句原理的東西比較多，但對于做題的引導(dǎo)相對較少。這并不是說這些教材沒有題目，恰恰相反，長難句教材的題目是比較充足的。問題在于理論知識較多，很容易讓考生形成一種看懂就行了的錯(cuò)覺。特別是那些本來學(xué)習(xí)積極性不太高或者說有些“惰性”的考生，常會覺得看完上面的理論知識和實(shí)例分析，就覺得自己已經(jīng)學(xué)會了應(yīng)對閱讀長難句的技巧，對后續(xù)的題目缺乏實(shí)際練習(xí)的動(dòng)力。

而在小編看來，考生想要切實(shí)掌握好應(yīng)對GRE閱讀長難句的能力，光是會看句子做分析還是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的，通過足量的練習(xí)積累充分的實(shí)際解題和應(yīng)對經(jīng)驗(yàn)同樣不可或缺。許多題目慢慢分析能看懂，但到了實(shí)戰(zhàn)中突然看到卻還是無法快速理解，這種只會紙上談兵的情況考生還是需要盡量避免的。因此，備考中訓(xùn)練長難句，希望大家能夠理論結(jié)合實(shí)際，既要會分析，也要會做題。

訓(xùn)練中請給自己加上時(shí)間限制

GRE閱讀的難度很多時(shí)候是長難句本身的難度和考試時(shí)間的限制結(jié)合而來的。許多同學(xué)通過訓(xùn)練掌握了基本的分析解構(gòu)等看懂長難句的技巧，但到了考試中卻還是因?yàn)殚L難句而出錯(cuò)，其實(shí)是因?yàn)榇蠹胰狈r(shí)間概念，分析理解長難句的速度太慢做造成的。而想要彌補(bǔ)這方面的問題，小編建議大家在備考中訓(xùn)練長難句應(yīng)對能力的時(shí)候，給自己適當(dāng)增加時(shí)間限制。目標(biāo)不要再定為簡單的看懂長難句，而是要設(shè)定的更有挑戰(zhàn)性一些，那就是在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)看懂長難句。通過限時(shí)訓(xùn)練的方式，大家應(yīng)該可以練就更為高效的理解長難句的技巧和能力，真正讓這項(xiàng)能力具有實(shí)戰(zhàn)價(jià)值，能夠在考試中為考生提供幫助。

練習(xí)長難句多學(xué)思路少背例句

在訓(xùn)練GRE閱讀長難句應(yīng)對技巧時(shí)，還有一個(gè)問題值得考生關(guān)注，那就是背例句或是句式的備考方式是否有必要。中國考生在備考中常會存在的一個(gè)思維惰性問題就是遇到困難就想背。詞匯不認(rèn)識?背!技巧沒掌握?背!長難句看不懂?依然是背!這種做法除了給大家增加學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)以外，對于要求靈活思維能力的GRE考試來說并不適用。單從長難句角度來說，復(fù)雜句式涉及的構(gòu)成，用詞和語法千變?nèi)f化，只依賴記憶力是很難完全記住的?？忌鎸Σ煌拈L難句，高效的解決方法是從句式原理上進(jìn)行分析理解，而不是搜腸刮肚地回想自己記憶過的句式來進(jìn)行套用。所以，小編希望大家在訓(xùn)練長難句應(yīng)對技巧時(shí)，把心思集中在理解技巧上，那些背長難句的低效方式，還是盡量少做為妙。

關(guān)于GRE閱讀備考中長難句的訓(xùn)練要點(diǎn)小編就為大家分析到這里。作為GRE閱讀中困擾許多同學(xué)的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，長難句問題需大家在備考中通過練習(xí)來迅速解決。本文提供的這些要點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，還請大家認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)參考。

GRE閱讀長難句中譯英練習(xí)

81. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for a mateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century.

82. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.

83. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low--level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head--scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

84. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&M wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers' demands.

85. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress promoted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming "I wanted to spend more time with my family."

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

81.[參考譯文]這樣一來總的結(jié)果便是業(yè)余愛好者想在專業(yè)地質(zhì)學(xué)期刊…卜發(fā)表文章就更難了，而被廣泛使用的論文評審?fù)扑]制度又進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了這一結(jié)果，該種制度先是出現(xiàn)在19世紀(jì)的國家級刊物上，后又在20世紀(jì)被幾家地方級地質(zhì)學(xué)刊物所使用。

82.[參考譯文]一個(gè)頗為相似的分化過程已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致專業(yè)的地質(zhì)學(xué)家走到一起組成一到兩個(gè)全國性的專科學(xué)術(shù)社團(tuán)，而業(yè)余地質(zhì)愛好者們傾向于要么仍留在地方社團(tuán)，要么也以另一種方式組成全國性機(jī)構(gòu)。

83.[參考譯文]遺憾地講，這次新聞機(jī)構(gòu)可信度調(diào)查計(jì)劃結(jié)果只獲得了一些十分低層次的發(fā)現(xiàn)，比如新聞報(bào)道中的事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤，拼寫或語法錯(cuò)誤(和這些低層次發(fā)現(xiàn))交織在一起的還有許多令人撓頭的困惑，譬如讀者到底想讀些什么。

84.[參考譯文]我認(rèn)為巨大的并購浪潮背后的最重要的推動(dòng)力同時(shí)也就是促成全球化進(jìn)程的那方基石：即降低交通運(yùn)輸成本，逐漸減少貿(mào)易投資壁壘，以及大。幅度拓展市場，這些都要求更大規(guī)模的經(jīng)營管理以滿足消費(fèi)者需求。

85.[參考譯文]一次側(cè)面的不光明磊落的攻擊傷害了我的自尊，阻礙了我事業(yè)的發(fā)展， 使我不得不拋棄了那份引人注目的工作，盡管表面上我還要以一個(gè)蒙受屈辱的政府部長的姿態(tài)，通過聲稱"我只不過是想多和家人呆在一起"來掩蓋我的退出。

GRE閱讀練習(xí)每日一篇

Thomas Hardy’s impulses as a writer, all of which he indulged in his novels, were numerous and divergent, and they did not always work together in harmony. Hardy was to some degree interested in exploring his characters’ psychologies, though impelled less by curiosity than by sympathy. Occasionally he felt the impulse to comedy (in all its detached coldness) as well as the impulse to farce, but he was more often inclined to see tragedy and record it. He was also inclined to literary realism in the several senses of that phrase. He wanted to describe ordinary human beings; he wanted to speculate on (speculate on: v.考慮, 推測) their dilemmas rationally (and, unfortunately, even schematically); and he wanted to record precisely the material universe. Finally, he wanted to be more than a realist. He wanted to transcend what he considered to be the banality of solely recording things exactly and to express as well his awareness of the occult and the strange.

In his novels these various impulses were sacrificed to each other inevitably and often. Inevitably, because Hardy did not care in the way that novelists such as Flaubert or James cared, and therefore took paths of least resistance. Thus, one impulse often surrendered to a fresher one and, unfortunately, instead of exacting a compromise, simply disappeared. A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of (on the part of: with regard to the one specified) what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower. In this instance, the new impulse was at least an energetic one, and thus its indulgence did not result in a relaxed style. But on other occasions Hardy abandoned a perilous, risky, and highly energizing impulse in favor of what was for him the fatally relaxing impulse to classify and schematize abstractly. When a relaxing impulse was indulged, the style—that sure index of an author’s literary worth—was certain to become verbose. Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones. He submitted to first one and then another, and the spirit blew where it listed (愿意,想要); hence the unevenness of any one of his novels. His most controlled novel, Under the Greenwood Tree, prominently exhibits two different but reconcilable impulses—a desire to be a realist-historian and a desire to be a psychologist of love—but the slight interlockings of plot are not enough to bind the two completely together. Thus even this book splits into two distinct parts.

17. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage, based on its content?

(A) Under the Greenwood Tree: Hardy’s Ambiguous Triumph

(B) The Real and the Strange: The Novelist’s Shifting Realms

(C) Energy Versus Repose: The Role of: Ordinary People in Hardy’s Fiction

(D) Hardy’s Novelistic Impulses: The Problem of Control

(E) Divergent Impulses: The Issue of Unity in the Novel

18. The passage suggests that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about literary realism?

(A) Literary realism is most concerned with the exploration of the internal lives of ordinary human beings.

(B) The term “l(fā)iterary realism” is susceptible to more than a single definition.

(C) Literary realism and an interest in psychology are likely to be at odds in a novelist’s work.

(D) “Literary realism” is the term most often used by critics in describing the method of Hardy’s novels.

(E) A propensity toward literary realism is a less interesting novelistic impulse than is an interest in the occult and the strange.

19. The author of the passage considers a writer’s style to be

(A) a reliable means by which to measure the writer’s literary merit

(B) most apparent in those parts of the writer’s work that are not realistic

(C) problematic when the writer attempts to follow perilous or risky impulses

(D) shaped primarily by the writer’s desire to classify and schematize

(E) the most accurate index of the writer’s literary reputation

20. Which of the following words could best be substituted for “relaxed” (line 37) without substantially changing the author’s meaning?

(A) informal

(B) confined

(C) risky

(D) wordy

(E) metaphoric

21. The passage supplies information to suggest that its author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about the novelists Flaubert and James?

(A) They indulged more impulses in their novels than did Hardy in his novels.

(B) They have elicited a greater degree of favorable response from most literary critics than has Hardy.

(C) In the writing of their novels, they often took pains to effect a compromise among their various novelistic impulses.

(D) Regarding novelistic construction, they cared more about the opinions of other novelists than about the opinions of ordinary readers.

(E) They wrote novels in which the impulse toward realism and the impulse away from realism were evident in equal measure.

22. Which of the following statements best describes the organization of lines 27 to 41 of the passage (“Thus…abstractly”)?

(A) The author makes a disapproving observation and then presents two cases, one of which leads to a qualification of his disapproval and the other of which does not.

(B) The author draws a conclusion from a previous statement, explains his conclusion in detail, and then gives a series of examples that have the effect of resolving an inconsistency.

(C) The author concedes a point and then makes a counterargument, using an extended comparison and contrast that qualifies his original concession.

(D) The author makes a judgment, points out an exception to his judgment, and then contradicts his original assertion.

(E) The author summarizes and explains an argument and then advances a brief history of opposing arguments.

23. Which of the following statements about the use of comedy in Hardy’s novels is best supported by the passage?

(A) Hardy’s use of comedy in his novels tended to weaken his literary style.

(B) Hardy’s use of comedy in his novels was inspired by his natural sympathy.

(C) Comedy appeared less frequently in Hardy’s novels than did tragedy.

(D) Comedy played an important role in Hardy’s novels though that comedy was usually in the form of farce.

(E) Comedy played a secondary role in Hardy’s more controlled novels only.

24. The author implies which of the following about Under the Greenwood Tree in relation to Hardy’s other novels?

(A) It is Hardy’s most thorough investigation of the psychology of love.

(B) Although it is his most controlled novel, it does not exhibit any harsh or risky impulses.

(C) It, more than his other novels, reveals Hardy as a realist interested in the history of ordinary human beings.

(D) In it Hardy’s novelistic impulses are managed somewhat better than in his other novels.

(E) Its plot, like the plots of all of Hardy’s other novels, splits into two distinct parts.

Upwards of a billion stars in our galaxy have burnt up their internal energy sources, and so can no longer produce the heat a star needs to oppose the inward force of gravity. These stars, of more than a few solar masses, evolve, in general, much more rapidly than does a star like the Sun. Moreover, it is just these more massive stars whose collapse does not halt at intermediate stages (that is, as white dwarfs or neutron stars). Instead, the collapse continues until a singularity (an infinitely dense concentration of matter) is reached.

It would be wonderful to observe a singularity and obtain direct evidence of the undoubtedly bizarre phenomena that occur near one. Unfortunately in most cases a distant observer cannot see the singularity; outgoing light rays are dragged back by gravity so forcefully that even if they could start out (start out: v.出發(fā), 動(dòng)身) within a few kilometers of the singularity, they would end up (end up: v.豎著, 結(jié)束, 死) in the singularity itself.

25. The author’s primary purpose in the passage is to

(A) describe the formation and nature of singularities

(B) explain why large numbers of stars become singularities

(C) compare the characteristics of singularities with those of stars

(D) explain what happens during the stages of a singularity’s formation

(E) imply that singularities could be more easily studied if observers could get closer to them

26. The passage suggests which of the following about the Sun?

I. The Sun could evolve to a stage of collapse that is less dense than a singularity.

II. In the Sun, the inward force of gravity is balanced by the generation of heat.

III. The Sun emits more observable light than does a white dwarf or a neutron star.

(A) I only

(B) III only

(C) I and II only

(D) II and III only

(E) I, II, and III

27. Which of the following sentences would most probably follow the last sentence of the passage?

(A) Thus, a physicist interested in studying phenomena near singularities would necessarily hope to find a singularity with a measurable gravitational field.

(B) Accordingly, physicists to date have been unable to observe directly any singularity.

(C) It is specifically this startling phenomenon that has allowed us to codify the scant information currently available about singularities.

(D) Moreover, the existence of this extraordinary phenomenon is implied in the extensive reports of several physicists.

(E) Although unanticipated, phenomena such as these are consistent with the structure of a singularity.