老托福聽力PartC原文最新匯總

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老托福聽力PartC原文1

I was really glad when your club invited me to share my coin collection.

當你們的俱樂部邀請我來分享我的硬幣收藏時，我真的很高興。

It's been my passion since I collected my first Lincoln cent in 1971; that's the current penny with Abraham Lincoln's image.

自從1971年我收集了我的第一枚林肯美分，這一直是我的酷愛;那是目前帶著Abraham Lincoln的肖像的美分(硬幣)

Just a little history before I start in on my own collection.

在我開始(分享)我自己的收藏前，簡單(介紹)一點歷史。

Lincoln pennies are made of copper, and they were the first United States coin to bear the likeness of a President.

林肯美分是銅制的，它們是第一種帶有總統(tǒng)肖像的美國硬幣。

It was back in 1909 when the country was celebrating the centennial of Lincoln's birth in 1809 that the decision was made to redesign the one-cent piece in his honor.

那是過去的1909年，當國家慶祝1809年林肯誕生的百年紀念時，決定重新設計一美分的硬幣向他表示敬意。

Before that, the penny had an American Indian head on it.

在那之前，美分上有美洲印第安人的頭(像)。

The new penny was designed by artist Victor David Brenner.

新的美分由藝術家Victor David Brenner設計。

This is interesting because he put his initials V.D.B. on the reverse of the coin in its original design.

這很有趣，因為他把他的(名字的)大寫首字母V.D.B.放到了硬幣背面的原始設計上。

There was a general uproar when the initials were discovered, and only a limited number of the coins were struck with the initials on them.

當這些大寫首字母被發(fā)現(xiàn)時有一個大眾的騷動，然后只有有限數(shù)量的硬幣被打了這些大寫首字母在(它們)上面。

Today a penny with the initials from the San Francisco Mint, called the 1909-SVDB, is worth over $500.

今天，一個帶著這些大寫首字母的出自San Francisco的造幣廠的美分，叫做1909-SVDB,價值超過500美金。

Now, when I started my coin collection, I began with the penny for several reasons.

好，當我開始我的硬幣收藏時，我從美分開始有幾個原因。

There were a lot of them.

它們有很多。

Several hundred billion have been minted, and there were a lot of people collecting them, so I had plenty of people to trade with and talk to about my collection.

數(shù)千億(的美分)已經(jīng)被鑄造，并且有許多人收集它們，因此我有足夠的可以交易和談論我的收藏的人。

Also, it was a coin I could afford to collect as a young teenager.

另外，它是一種我(當時)作為一個年輕的，十幾歲的青少年能夠收集得起的硬幣。

In the twenty-five years since then, I have managed to acquire over 300 coins, some of them very rare.

從那時起的25年來，我已經(jīng)努力獲得了超過300枚硬幣了，其中一些非常稀少。

I'll be sharing with you today some of my rarer specimens, including the 1909-SVDB.

今天我將同你們分享我的一些比較稀有的樣品，包括1909-SVDB。

老托福聽力PartC原文2

Today I want to talk to you about wasps and their nests.

今天我想和你們談談黃蜂(馬蜂)和他們的巢。

You'll recall that biologists divide species of wasps into two groups: solitary and social.

你們會記得，生物學家把黃蜂的種類分成兩組：獨居的和群居的。

Solitary wasps, as the name implies, do not live together with other wasps.

獨居的黃蜂，顧名思義，不和其他黃蜂生活在一起。

In most species the male and female get together only to mate, and then the female does all the work of building the nest and providing food for the offspring by herself.

在大多數(shù)的種群中，雄性和雌性在一起僅僅為了交配，然后雌性做所有筑巢的工作，并且她自己為后代提供食物。

Solitary wasps usually make nests in the ground and they separate the chambers for individual offspring with bits of grass, stone, or mud, whatever is handy.

獨居的黃蜂通常在地下筑巢，并且它們?yōu)榱藗€體的后代用少量的草，石頭或泥，無論怎樣(只要)是方便的(東西就行)，把窩分隔開來。

What about social wasps?

群居的黃蜂怎么樣呢?

They form a community and work together to build and maintain the nest.

它們形成一個群落并且在一起工作來建造并維護(蜂)巢。

A nest begins in the spring when a fertile female, called the queen, builds the first few compartments of the nest and lays eggs.

(筑)巢始于春天，當一只能生育的雌性，被稱作(蜂)后，建造蜂巢的開始的幾個隔室并開始產(chǎn)卵。

The first offspring are small females that cannot lay eggs.

第一批后代是小個的雌性不能下蛋。

These females, called workers, then build a lot of new compartments, and the queen lays more eggs.

這些雌性，叫做工蜂，然后會建造很多新的隔室，然后蜂后產(chǎn)更多的卵。

They also care for the new offspring and defend the nest with their stingers.

它們也照顧新的后代并且使用它們的刺保護蜂巢。

By the way, only female wasps have stingers.

順便說一下，只有雌性黃蜂有刺。

Most social wasps make nests of paper.

多數(shù)黃蜂用紙做巢。

The females produce the paper by chewing up plant fibers or old wood.

雌性(黃蜂)產(chǎn)生紙是通過嚼碎植物纖維或者老舊的木頭。

They spread the paper in thin layers to make cells in which the queen lays her eggs.

他們把紙鋪成薄層來制作單元格，在那里蜂后產(chǎn)下她的卵。

Most of you, I'm sure, have seen these nests suspended from trees.

你們大多數(shù)(人)，我相信，曾經(jīng)見過這些蜂巢從樹上懸掛下來。

They may also be built underground in abandoned rodent burrows.

它們也可能被建造在地下，在被拋棄的嚙齒類動物的地洞中。

老托福聽力PartC原文3

One of the most popular myths about the United States in the nineteenth century was that of the free and simple life of the farmer.

關于美國在十九世紀的流傳最廣的傳言之一是自由和簡單的農(nóng)民生活。

It was said that farmers worked hard on their own land to produce whatever their families needed.

據(jù)說農(nóng)民在他們自己的土地上辛勤的勞作，生產(chǎn)他們家庭需要的一切。

They might sometimes trade with neighbors; but in general they could get along just fine by relying on themselves, not on commercial ties with others.

他們可能有時候同鄰居交易，但通常他們能夠自給自足(他們依靠他們自己生活的還好)，與他人沒有商業(yè)關系。

This is how Thomas Jefferson idealized the farmer at the beginning of the nineteenth century, and, at that time, this may have been close to the truth, especially on the frontier.

這就是Thomas Jefferson如何理想化了的十九世紀初期的農(nóng)民，并且，在那時，這也許已經(jīng)接近了真相，特別是在邊遠地區(qū)。

But by mid-century, sweeping changes in agriculture were well under way as farmers began to specialize in the raising of crops such as cotton or corn or wheat.

但是在世紀中葉，當農(nóng)民開始專門化種植農(nóng)作物如：棉花或者玉米或者小麥的(產(chǎn)量的)時候，農(nóng)業(yè)上的徹底變化已經(jīng)充分開始，

By late in the century, revolutionary advances in farm machinery had vastly increased production of specialized crops.

在世紀末，農(nóng)業(yè)機械上的革命性的改進，極大地增加了專業(yè)作物的產(chǎn)量。

And the extensive network of railroads had linked farmers throughout the country to markets in the East and even overseas.

而且廣大的鐵路網(wǎng)把全國的農(nóng)民同東部的，甚至海外的市場連接了起來。

By raising and selling specialized crops, farmers could afford more and finer goods and achieve a much higher standard of living, but at a price.

通過種植和出售專門的作物，農(nóng)民能夠買得起更多和能好的商品，并且獲得更高的生活標準，但是價錢很高。

Now, farmers were no longer dependent just on the weather and their own efforts.

現(xiàn)在，農(nóng)民不再僅僅依靠天氣和他們自己的努力。

Their lives were increasingly controlled by banks, which had power to grant or deny loans for new machinery, and by the railroads, which set the rates for shipping their crops to market.

他們的生活越來越多地受到銀行的控制，(銀行)有權利同意或拒絕給新機器貸款，受到鐵路(的控制)，(鐵路)為運輸他們的作物到市場上設定價格。

As businessmen, farmers now had to worry about national economic depressions and the influence of world supply and demand on, for example, the price of wheat in Kansas.

作為商人，農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在不得不擔心國民經(jīng)濟蕭條，以及世界的供應與需求的影響，舉例來說，Kansas的小麥價格。

And so, by the end of the nineteenth century, the era of Jefferson's independent farmer had come to a close.

因此，在十九世紀末，Jefferson的獨立的農(nóng)民的時代已經(jīng)終結。

老托福聽力PartC原文4

Before moving on to a new topic, I want to finish up our unit on arachnids by looking at what may seem a very unusual aspect of spider behavior, a species where the young spiders actually consume the body of their mother.

在轉到新的主題之前，我想結束我們在蛛形綱上的單元，通過著眼于一個看似非常不同尋常的蜘蛛行為的方面，年幼的蜘蛛實際上消耗他們母親的身體的一個種群。

Unlike most other spiders, this species lays one, and only one, clutch of 40 eggs in her lifetime.

不像大多數(shù)其他蜘蛛，這個種類在她的一生中下一窩，而且只下一窩，40只卵。

The young spiders hatch in mid-spring or early summer, inside a nest of eucalyptus leaves.

年幼的蜘蛛在仲春或初夏，在一個桉樹葉的窩里面。

Their mother spends the warm summer months bringing home large insects—often 10 times her weight—for meal.

它們的母親消耗了幾個月的溫暖的夏季(時光)將大型的昆蟲帶回家——通常10倍于她的重量——當食物。

The catch is always significantly more than her young spiders can eat.

捕獲物總是大大地多于她的年幼的蜘蛛(幼仔)所能吃掉的。

So, the mother fattens herself up on this extra prey and stores the nutrients in her extra unfertilized eggs.

因此，(蜘蛛)母親用這些額外的獵物把自己養(yǎng)肥，并且把營養(yǎng)素儲存在她另外的非受精卵中。

As the weather turns colder, there are fewer insect prey to hunt.

隨著天氣轉冷，能捕獵的昆蟲獵物很少了。

That's when the nutrients stored in those extra eggs begin to seep into the mother's bloodstream.

那就是當儲存在這些另外的卵中的這些營養(yǎng)素開始滲入到母親的血流中的時候。

So, when there are no more insects to feed to the young spiders, they attach themselves to the mother's leg joints and draw nourishment by sucking the nutrient-rich blood.

所以，當沒有更多的昆蟲來喂養(yǎng)年幼的蜘蛛時，它們把它們自己貼在母親的腿關節(jié)上，通過吮吸營養(yǎng)豐富的血液來吸取營養(yǎng)。

After several weeks, the mother is depleted of all nutrients and she dies.

幾周之后，母親被耗盡所有的營養(yǎng)并死去。

But then how do the young get nourishment?

然而幼仔如何獲取營養(yǎng)呢?

They start to feed on one another.

它們開始以彼此為食。

Now, if you recall our discussion of Darwin, you'll see the evolutionary value of this: Only the strongest spiders of the clutch will survive this "cannibalism," and the mother spider will have ensured that her genes have an increased chance of survival through future generations.

現(xiàn)在，如果你記得我們關于達爾文的討論，你將看到這種進化的價值：只有窩里最強壯的蜘蛛將會在這種“嗜食同類”中生存，蜘蛛母親將會確保她的基因憑借未來的后代增加生存的機會。

老托福聽力PartC原文5

Moving away from newspapers, let's now focus on magazines.

從報紙離開，我們現(xiàn)在集中在雜志上。

Now, the first magazine was a little periodical called The Review, and it was started in London in 1704.

好，第一個雜志是一個小期刊，叫做The Review，它于1704年始于倫敦。

It looked a lot like the newspapers of the time, but in terms of its content, it was much different.

它看起來很像當時的雜志，但是從它的內(nèi)容方面(來看)，它有很大不同。

Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events, but The Review focused on important domestic issues of the day, as well as the policies of the government.

報紙所涉及的主要是新聞事件，但是The Review集中在當日重要的國內(nèi)議題和政府的政策上。

Now, in England at the time, people could still be thrown in jail for publishing articles that were critical of the king.

好吧，在那個時期的英國，人們?nèi)匀粫驗榘l(fā)表對國王不滿的文章而被扔進監(jiān)獄。

And that's what happened to Daniel Defoe.

這事兒就發(fā)生在了Daniel Defoe身上。

He was the outspoken founder of The Review.

他是The Review的直言不諱的創(chuàng)始人。

Defoe actually wrote the first issue of The Review from prison!

事實上Defoe寫的The Review第一個議題就來自監(jiān)獄。

You see, he had been arrested because of his writings that criticized the policies of the Church of England, which was headed by the king.

你看，他被逮捕是因為他的批評英國國教的政策的文章，那是由國王領導的。

After his release, Defoe continued to produce The Review, and the magazine started to appear on a more frequent schedule, about three times a week.

獲釋之后，Defoe繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作The Review，并且該雜志開始在一個更頻繁的時間表上出現(xiàn)，大約一周三次。

It didn't take long for other magazines to start popping up.

其他雜志沒多久也開始流行。

In 1709, a magazine called The Tatler began publication. This new magazine contained a mixture of news, poetry, political analysis, and philosophical essays.

在1709年，一個叫做The Tatler雜志開始出版。這個新雜志包含了一個新聞，詩歌，政治分析，和哲學短文。