托福閱讀滿分必學(xué)三大技巧

關(guān)于托福閱讀的三個小技巧，你都有知道嗎?學(xué)會了這三個技巧，做閱讀事半功倍哦，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀滿分必學(xué)三大技巧

托福閱讀技能貫穿了整個托?？荚嚕郝犃︻}目選項的快速瀏覽、口語題干背景的準確把握、以及綜合寫作短篇論點論據(jù)的有效定位，均需要快速高效的閱讀能力配合完成。從閱讀分數(shù)所占的總分比重來看，托福閱讀的重要性是不可忽視的。今天小編為大家?guī)硗懈ｉ喿x滿分三大技巧，希望能幫助到你!　　1、托福閱讀詞匯(vocabulary)　　從某種意義上來講，詞匯量的大小是TOEFL閱讀理解高分的基礎(chǔ)(basis)和關(guān)鍵。如果詞匯量沒有達到基本要求(五千以上)，縱然你有葵花寶典在手，也只能命喪ETS的毒招之下。所以，以犧牲詞匯量為代價的技巧練習(xí)簡直是一味巨毒無比的五毒散?！　?、托福閱讀技巧(reading skill)　　TOEFL的閱讀量非常大，一般的中國考生根本無法把文章全部讀完，所謂的掃讀法、跳讀法和略讀法也只能適用于少數(shù)類型的文章，根本不能解決本質(zhì)(essence)問題。那么，文章到底應(yīng)該怎么讀法呢?一句話，主動地(initiative)閱讀文章的關(guān)鍵部位?！　∷^主動是指不能像一般的閱讀那樣完全被動地(passive)接受信息，而應(yīng)該不斷的進行思考和預(yù)測;所謂關(guān)鍵部位，主要是每一段的開頭和結(jié)尾部分。由于TOEFL的閱讀理解文章全部選自于正式出版物(publication)，文章的邏輯(logic)結(jié)構(gòu)非常完整(complete)和嚴謹 (rigorous)，而且出現(xiàn)的邏輯模式也是屈指可數(shù)。　　經(jīng)過系統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練，考生的預(yù)測可以做到非常準確的程度(accurate degree)。這樣，通過閱讀文章的幾處關(guān)鍵部位，就能很快地把握整個文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，也就解決了問題的70%.　　3、解題訓(xùn)練(training)　　排除法(exclusive method)恐怕是一直以來大多數(shù)學(xué)生在解閱讀理題目時使用最多的方法。事實上(in fact)，這種方法具有致命的缺點(fatal disadvantage)：干擾大、費時間。更有效和迅速的辦法是讀完題干之后，就在腦子反映出一個模糊的(vague)或者是不完整的(incomplete)答案，然后直接在選項中尋找接近的(close)答案進行判斷(to judge)。這種能力必須在平時的訓(xùn)練和講解中逐漸 (gradually)養(yǎng)成和加強，決非什么技巧之類的東西可以替代(to replace)?！　?、有據(jù)可循，每篇文章題目都根據(jù)文章布局一步一步向前推進，即使有個別題打亂文章布局，在題干里總是有提供信息的關(guān)鍵詞將考生帶入文章的具體部位?！　?、回歸原文，做題時，根據(jù)題干或選項的關(guān)鍵詞回歸文章尋找重現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞或其釋義的語言區(qū)域，同時排除相應(yīng)的選項?！　?、整句分析，遇到難句子時，應(yīng)該對其進行句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，排除修飾成分，尋找主干部分，從而迅速把握整個句子的意思，不要盯著單個的詞不放，不然就會因小失大?！　?、基于事實，每個問題的四個選項或者是對文章中相關(guān)部分的正確釋度、或者是歪曲原文、或者與原文毫不相干。換句話說，命題專家在設(shè)置試題時會玩一些文字游戲，用各種表達形式讓考生暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向、霧里看花?？忌鷳?yīng)該明白自己的職責(zé)是辨別真?zhèn)?，找到符合文章意思和題意的選項。

托福閱讀長難句：島上生物群落共生關(guān)系

原文

It is significant that the earliest living things that built communities on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends up on the close cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very importantin island communities.

翻譯

在這些島上建立生物群落的最早的生物以共生方式存在是非常重要的，共生是一種依賴兩種或兩種以上的生物緊密合作而生存的現(xiàn)象，也是在島上生物群落非常重要的原則。

詞匯講解：

community n. 社區(qū)，團體，社會，(動植物的)群落

symbiosis /s?mba?'os?s/ n. 共生

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

It is significant that the earliest living things (that built communities on these islands) are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon (that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) and a principle (that is very important in island communities).

解析

修飾一：(that built communities on theseislands)，從句，修飾living things

中文：在這些島上建立生物群落

修飾二：(a phenomenon and a principle)，同位語，修飾symbiosis，注意這里的a phenomenon和a principle被從句隔開了，注意這里的斷句

修飾三：(that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) ，從句，修飾a phenomenon

中文：依賴兩種或兩種以上的生物緊密合作

修飾四：(that is very important in island communities)從句，修飾aprinciple

中文：在島上生物群落非常重要

托福閱讀長難句：水利驅(qū)動的局限性

Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and (although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills),it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed (where nature intended them to), and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks (whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons.)

翻譯：

只有最后一種完全適合持續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)的機器，雖然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分豐富，能夠運轉(zhuǎn)谷物廠和紡織廠，但它有一個缺點：水的流向是自然決定的，所以水力驅(qū)動的工廠不得不位于河岸邊，而不管這個位置由于其他原因是否合理。

以上就是托福閱讀中長難句的訓(xùn)練分析介紹，希望大家能夠?qū)W到有效的訓(xùn)練和提升方法，讓自己更為輕松地面對長難句得到高分。

解析

修飾一：(although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills) ，從句

中文：雖然水力在Lancashire和Scotland十分豐富，能夠運轉(zhuǎn)谷物廠和紡織廠

修飾二：(where nature intended them to) ，從句

中文：水的流向是自然決定的

修飾三：(whether or not the location wasdesirable for other reasons.) ，從句

中文：而不管這個位置由于其他原因是否合理

托福閱讀長難句：大氣引擎的設(shè)計優(yōu)缺點

原文：

This “atmospheric engine,” invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen, embodied revolutionary principles, but it was so slow and wasteful of fuel that it could not be employed outside the coal mines for which it had been designed.

翻譯：

這個由Thomas Savery發(fā)明并由他的搭檔Thomas Newcomen大力改善的“大氣引擎”體現(xiàn)了革命性的原理，但它如此慢和浪費燃料以致于不能再煤礦的以外的地方使用，盡管原來是這么設(shè)計的。

以上就是托福閱讀中長難句的訓(xùn)練分析介紹，希望大家能夠?qū)W到有效的訓(xùn)練和提升方法，讓自己更為輕松地面對長難句得到高分。

詞匯講解：

embody /?m'b?d?/ v. 體現(xiàn)(想法﹑ 感情等)，使(想法﹑ 感情等)具體化;包括或含有某物

revolutionary /'r?v?'l???'n?ri/ adj. 革命的

employ = make use of sb/sth 使用

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

This “atmospheric engine,” (invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen,) embodied revolutionary principles, but it was so slow and wasteful of fuel (that it could not be employed outside the coal mines) (for which it had been designed.)

解析：

修飾一：(invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen,) ，插入語，修飾this “atmospheric engine”，大家注意這里的斷句，This “atmospheric engine” embodied revolutionary principles被隔開了，斷句很重要

中文：由Thomas Savery發(fā)明并由他的搭檔Thomas Newcomen大力改善的

修飾二：(that it could not be employed outside the coal mines) ，從句，so…that結(jié)構(gòu)

中文：不能在煤礦的以外的地方使用

修飾三：(for which it had been designed.) ，從句，修飾coal mines

中文：引擎被設(shè)計

托福閱讀長難句：甘薯的來源考據(jù)

原文：

As Patrick Kirch, an American anthropologist, points out, rather than being brought by rafting South Americans, sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back by returning Polynesian navigators who could have reached the west coast of South America.

翻譯：

正如美國人類學(xué)家Patrick Kirch所指出的，甘薯并不是南美人用筏運來的，而是通過已經(jīng)去過南美西海岸的玻利尼西亞返航者很方便就帶來了。

以上就是托福閱讀中長難句的訓(xùn)練分析介紹，希望大家能夠?qū)W到有效的訓(xùn)練和提升方法，讓自己更為輕松地面對長難句得到高分。

詞匯講解：

anthropologist /?nθr?'p?l?d??st/ n. 人類學(xué)家

rather than prep. 而不是

raft /rɑ?ft/ n. 筏 v. 用筏子載運(人或貨物)

navigator /'n?v?ge?t?/ n. 航行者，航海者;領(lǐng)航員，導(dǎo)航員;導(dǎo)航儀

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

As Patrick Kirch, (an American anthropologist), points out, (rather than being brought by rafting South Americans), sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back (by returning Polynesian navigators) (who could have reached the west coast of South America.)

解析：

修飾一：(an American anthropologist)，同位語，修飾Patrick Kirch

中文：美國人類學(xué)家

修飾二：(rather than being brought byrafting South Americans)，介詞短語，rather than是托福閱讀里一個高頻短語，大家記住它是一個介詞，表示“而不是”

中文：不是南美人用筏運來的

修飾三：(by returning Polynesiannavigators)，介詞短語，修飾bringback

中文：玻利尼西亞返航者

修飾四：(who could have reached the westcoast of South America. ) ，從句，修飾navigators

中文：已經(jīng)去過南美西海岸

主干：swee官方真題Officialtatoes might just have easily been brought back