雅思小作文寫作步驟簡(jiǎn)述
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雅思小作文寫作步驟簡(jiǎn)述
1. 試卷發(fā)下后，請(qǐng)花半分鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)瀏覽作文的題目，這里包括議論文在內(nèi)。
2. 此后，請(qǐng)看第一部分的題目，明確以下幾點(diǎn)
1)屬于什么題型的圖表，是一個(gè)曲線圖，一個(gè)餅圖，一表格，一個(gè)流程圖還是一個(gè)物體以及其他類型的圖表
2) 是一幅圖還是兩幅或者是以上的圖
3)時(shí)間、字?jǐn)?shù)以及其他的要求
3. 用5分鐘的時(shí)間分析并形成以下的內(nèi)容
1)注意不同類型圖表的技巧(包括時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、關(guān)鍵描述詞語(yǔ)與句型)
2)劃出并分析題目中的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，分析圖表中的關(guān)鍵特征點(diǎn)(依據(jù)各種圖表的特點(diǎn)來(lái)決定)
3)考慮結(jié)構(gòu)(開(kāi)頭引言，描述特征，可能總結(jié))注意以下
開(kāi)頭不能與文章已經(jīng)給出的東西一樣，用自己語(yǔ)言表達(dá);
描述關(guān)鍵以及有代表性的點(diǎn)或者是趨勢(shì);
在語(yǔ)法與句法正確的基礎(chǔ)上，力求用不同的句型組合(如簡(jiǎn)單句，復(fù)合句，定語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/非謂語(yǔ)從句)，用近意詞語(yǔ);
正確表達(dá)文章所給信息;
在可能的情況下做簡(jiǎn)單的總結(jié);
不要發(fā)表有個(gè)人或者是評(píng)論性的句子;
標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，單詞的拼寫應(yīng)該正確;
4. 書寫的時(shí)候注意流利與工整，采用現(xiàn)代式的書寫格式
5. 留有時(shí)間檢查，保持卷面的整潔
雅思小作文技巧性句型
開(kāi)頭句型(用簡(jiǎn)單的句子給出盡可能多的信息WHEN，WHAT，WHERE，有特色。)
一般有兩種，一種是主動(dòng)一種是被動(dòng)。
1)The chart/graph/table/diagram/process (show,reveal,illustrate,demonstrate,depict,describe,indicate)
2)According to/As can be seen from/As shown in/It is clear/apparent from/It can be seen from
結(jié)尾句型(如果沒(méi)有可以充分說(shuō)的，可以不用結(jié)尾。結(jié)尾不要節(jié)外生枝。最好不要出現(xiàn)很明顯有結(jié)尾特征的詞語(yǔ)“in conclusion”)
中間關(guān)鍵句型————☆要注意認(rèn)真審查題目，弄清楚要描述的數(shù)據(jù)究竟代表什么，單位是什么，用什么方式表達(dá)。
OBJECT (描述物體)
注意點(diǎn)：要明確以一定的順序來(lái)寫。從左到右或者是從上到下，從內(nèi)到外(根據(jù)物體自己的特點(diǎn))等等。把題目中給出的部件詳細(xì)描述。(如202的自行車)
句型：介紹功能 The illustration is of a _______ which is designed to (do something)
接著
說(shuō)明構(gòu)成部分 A ______ is made up of /consists of/comprises How many ?A number of parts/sections
接著
描述各個(gè)部件功能 不要用you ,one 可以用 we, the operator (單數(shù)個(gè)體) First , (the cyclist) puts his or her _____on the ____
要有一定的順序，不要將每個(gè)部分單獨(dú)寫出，應(yīng)該將能夠合并的一起結(jié)合，注意用以下句型(被動(dòng)態(tài)，定語(yǔ)從句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)要用關(guān)聯(lián)詞
雅思小作文基本句型--曲線
雅思小作文曲線圖注意點(diǎn)
1)抓住“變化”和“趨勢(shì)”
2)有兩種情況其一是在不同時(shí)間段內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)比較，另外是單獨(dú)數(shù)據(jù)的全程描述。前者適合于數(shù)據(jù)代表的物體較少且時(shí)間界限明確的情況下，后者適合于描述數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象很多且時(shí)間劃定不清晰。當(dāng)然依據(jù)考試中的題目來(lái)決定。
雅思小作文曲線圖語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
1)變化狀態(tài)幅度詞(要依據(jù)描述的情況決定)
輕微-----slightly, slowly(速度), steadily(平緩) 逐漸----gradually
顯著-----significantly , markedly 急劇-----rapidly , dramatically , abruptly ,sharply 突然---suddenly 趨勢(shì)---trend inclination tendacy
2)變量幅度詞語(yǔ)
★ 增加-----increase, jump ,go up ,rise, climb , ascend , level up ,surge,
★ 減少----decrease, drop ,go down ,fall,---- , descend, level down ,
★ 水平----keep/stay/remain/maintain stable ,----steady ,be similar to ,there is little/hardly any/no change
★ 最高-----reach a highest point/the top/the summit/the peak/the most/peak in,at
★ 最低-----reach a lowest point/the bottom//rock/hit a trough /bottom out
★ 交叉-----correspond with in ----year; --- crossing the line for -----
3) 時(shí)間幅度詞語(yǔ)
During the period 1970—1999 ; From 1970 to 1999 ; Since the early 1970s ;
In 1970------then in 1980-----ten years later
4)基本句型
There was變化趨勢(shì)in the number of A from 1986-1990(over next…..yeas) ,which was followed by 變化趨勢(shì)and then變化趨勢(shì) until 1998 when there was變化趨勢(shì) for the next ….years
From 1990 onwards, there was變化趨勢(shì) in the number of A which then 變化趨勢(shì) at $% in 1994.
In 1990,the number reached (was) $%,but 30 years later there was變化趨勢(shì).
After 變化趨勢(shì) from…to …,A begin 變化趨勢(shì) over the next….years.
The number of …increased rapidly from 1988 to 1990 during the five-year period
There was a rapid increase from 1988 to 1990 during the five-year period
A has almost/nearly/about/over a quarter/half/twice/one third /as many students as/as much money as /B; A has about/approximately/exactly/precisely the same number/proportion/amount of students/money as…..
It has reached something of a plateau,X percent/an average of X percent in the past few years in 1998.
in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998...
the percentage of...is sightly larger/smaller than that of.....
the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of.
....decreased year by year while...
雅思小作文常規(guī)句型--餅圖
PIE CHART (餅圖)
注意點(diǎn)：1. 文字中要表達(dá)出總量與分量的關(guān)系，在兩個(gè)以上的PIE中，要注意各個(gè)PIE間的比較
2. 數(shù)據(jù)究竟代表什么應(yīng)清楚
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：
1 percentage / proportion
2 make up/ constitute / account for
3
① the biggest difference between 2 group(A+B) is in …,where A makes up 5% while B constitutes 67% the highest percentage of A, which was approximately 12%
② the percentage of A in …..is more than twice that of B,the ratio is 67% to 45%($% compared to $%)
③ in…,while a greater percentage of A than B are found in……. (the former is $% and the latter is $%)
④ there are more A in……,reaching $%,compared with $% of B
⑤ A , which used to be the……..,has become less important, which declined(increased) sharply from $% in 1978 to only $% in 1998.
⑥ The biggest loss was to某區(qū)域.
The biggest gains in A were made by 某區(qū)域.
雅思小作文常用基礎(chǔ)詞匯
雅思小作文開(kāi)頭段常見(jiàn)詞
在評(píng)分時(shí)，考官最不想看到的是怎樣的開(kāi)頭段?
一是對(duì)題目的謄抄，會(huì)讓考官對(duì)考生有懶惰、靈活度差的印象;
二是對(duì)題目過(guò)度夸張的改寫，為了尋求變化，而造成語(yǔ)序的“混搭”也是不可取的。
其實(shí)，開(kāi)頭段考生在題目改寫的過(guò)程中，不需追求翻天覆地的改變，畢竟這并不是考官考察的關(guān)鍵，所以只需掌握常見(jiàn)的同義表達(dá)便可輕松拿下。例如各種圖形的名稱就是其中一個(gè)必須要素。
線圖/曲線圖line graph
柱圖/條形圖bar chart
餅狀圖pie chart
表格題table
圖畫題(流程、地圖題)diagram
此外，語(yǔ)言學(xué)家建議考生在備考時(shí)要熟背以下的常見(jiàn)開(kāi)頭段同義詞替換表：
showdemonstrate/ reveal/ illustrate/ display/ compare/ indicate/ depict
changesvariation
numberfigure/ amount/ data/ statistic
percentageproportion/ rate/ share
kindtype/ category
countrynation
continentarea/ region
menmales
womenfemales
universitycollege
familyhousehold
UKBritain
andas well as
aboutregarding/ concerning
from…tobetween…and…
duringover
differentvarious/ several/ diverse
per yearannual
spendingexpense/ expenditure
worldwidearound the world/ across the globe
開(kāi)頭段寫作應(yīng)盡量做到快且高質(zhì)量，所以最實(shí)際的方法是準(zhǔn)備一些圖表作文的開(kāi)頭句式，以節(jié)省時(shí)間。不用擔(dān)心考官怪你“抄襲”，對(duì)于刻板的小作文，這些句型正中考官下懷。相反地，花時(shí)間創(chuàng)作的開(kāi)頭并不一定能取悅考官。
雅思小作文開(kāi)頭段常見(jiàn)句型：
The chart provides some data regarding the changes of ….form 1991 to 2001.
該圖提供了從2001年到2004年有關(guān)。。。變化的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。
The graph depicts the proportion of…in different nations between 2001 and 2008.
該圖形描述在2001年到2008年期間不同國(guó)家間有關(guān)。。。的比例。
The graph presented the general trend in…
該圖描述了。。。的總趨勢(shì)。
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