托福寫作文章架構如何規(guī)劃更合理
托福寫作文章架構對于寫作整體的影響很大，所以大家在平時寫作練習中應該了解如何去提升寫作的架構。下面小編就和大家分享托福寫作文章架構如何規(guī)劃更合理，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。
托福寫作文章架構如何規(guī)劃更合理?開頭中間和結尾寫法匯總
托福寫作文章架構提升之 開頭段寫法
開頭段主要用以下幾種方法來組織，即背景法(Background)， 爭議法(Controversy)， 提問法(Question)，故事法(Story)和引言法(Quotation)。
以背景法為例。背景法一般會提出一種普遍的或值得關注的現(xiàn)象作為背景或者是由遠到近，由大到小地談論緊扣論題的社會觀點作為背景。
背景法開頭段的結構通常如下：
背景(1-3 句)+論題+反方觀點+(反方理由)+過度+(正方觀點)+作者的觀點+作者的理由。
以 2007 年 8 月 11 日的獨立寫作試題為例：Technology makes people's lives more complicated.
題目涉及到了現(xiàn)今社會比較熱門的話題---科技。這樣，我們就可以以這種社會比較關注的現(xiàn) 象作為我們作文的開頭背景。
因此這個題目的首段就可以這樣開始：Technology has had tremendous impacts on every aspect of modern life. However, people are having conflicting opinions about whether it has made people's lives more complicated or not. I believe technology has by and large made our lives more convenient。
第一 句話就是一句緊貼社會的背景，這樣寫不但很容易打開考生自己的思路，抓住作文的焦點， 還能引起考官的共鳴。
托福寫作文章架構之 中間段落寫法
中間段落的文章結構通常如下：Transitional words + topic sentence + development。
如果考生在平時能熟練運用這樣的一個結構來展開作文，那么考場上就會憑借這份思維定勢 來幫助自己抓住每一分。中間三個段落都可以套用這種模式。
Transitional words 主要有以下三種，
即表順序：firstly, secondly, finally (last but not least);
表并列：besides, in addition;
表對比：in contrast, in comparison。
這些銜接詞會讓文章看起來脈絡清晰，組織嚴密， 也就做到了評分標準的 “well-organized”一條。
主題句，顧名思義，向考官展示的是考生作文的主要意旨所以它在中間段落中的作用是 至關重要的。
通常主題句應該注意一下幾點：
1.主題句必須是陳述句。有的考生想在寫作中創(chuàng)新，于是采用反問句或者其他看似多樣化的題目，然而這種多樣性帶來的后果是給考官觀點不明確的印象，很自然地會影響到分數(shù)。
2.必須表明觀點。如果考生把一句無關痛癢的話放在主題句的位置上，很顯然無法表明 自身觀點。
比如像“今天是晴天”這樣的話沒有表明觀點;然而“今天是個好天氣”就包含 一種感情色彩在里面，給人一種立場明確的感覺。
考生應該切記：沒有反駁余地的就不可以作為主題句。
3.態(tài)度必須堅決。但是不能極端。
4.每段必須有主題句，理論上講沒有主題句是可以的，但是考場上不可以，沒有主題就會浪費考官的時間去幫你總結主題，然而繁忙的考官是不會那么善良地去分析你的題目來抓 取你的觀點的。
至于中間段落的展開(development)則需要大家學習積累一些常用的段落展開方法，
比如舉例法、比較法、因果法等。
托福寫作文章架構之 結尾段寫作方法
文章結尾段落雖然并不像開頭和中間段落那樣重要，然而沒有結尾的文章是不完整的， 不符合基本寫作要求。
所以考生在考場上一定要在結尾處再次聲明自己觀點(restatement)， 或者提出新的希望，或者提出解決問題的方案，從而讓考官有一種善始善終的良好印象。
托福寫作架構優(yōu)化需要我們努力提升文章的開頭、中間段落和結尾部分。如果大家在備考中能夠把握好這幾部分的寫作，那么托福寫作文章架構也會得到提升。
托福寫作：戶外旅游還是室內參觀
托福寫作題目：
Many people visit museums when they travel to new places. Why do you think people visit museums? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
托福寫作范文：
When people travel to new places, they often choose the local museums as a must-see place. Sometimes the museums are even more attractive than the most famous place of interest. This phenomenon can be easily explained if the function of museums is taken into account. As we have known, museums can help us know the history, the customs and the most representative products of that place.
Different place has different history. And the most convenient way to know the history is to visit the local museum. Last year when I traveled to Xi‘a(chǎn)n，an old city，I went to the history museum to explore the course of its development. With the background knowledge provided by the museum，I found that it was easier for me to understand the city. So the museum can clear away the barriers between tourists and the city by making them familiar with its history. To a tourist，the mostattractive part of a place is usually its customs，which can be demonstrated by the local museum.
In the Beijing custom museum，the real life of typical Beijingers is vividly shown. A tourist can satisfy his curiosity by knowing the origin and characteristics of the quart-yard，the most classical building in Beijing. With the help of museums，tourists can have a deeper understanding of the life of local people.
Every place has its own representative products，which are usually handcrafts. Tourists can have the access to a wonderful show of these handcrafts in the local museum. For example，in Jingde town，the most famous pottery-making place in China，tourists can be excited by the beautiful pottery products and the complicated making process exhibited in the pottery museum. It will be a pity for a tourist not to experience the wonderful show of the local products in the museum.
In a word，museums serve as a bridge between tourists and the place they travel to. That is why people are so eager to visit museums when they travel to new places.
托福寫作：模板句子
The paradox of our time in history is that we have taller buildings, but shorter tempers; wider freeways, but narrower viewpoints; we spend more, but have less; we buy more but enjoy less.
我們這個時代在歷史上的說法就是我們擁有更高的建筑，但是有更暴的脾氣;我們擁有更寬闊的高速公路，卻有更狹隘的觀點;我們花費得更多，擁有得卻更少;我們購買得更多卻享受得更少。
We have bigger houses and smaller families; more conveniences, but less time; we have more degrees, but less sense; more knowledge, but less judgment; more experts, but more problems; more medicine, but less wellness.
我們的房子越來越大，家庭卻越來越小;便利越來越多，時間卻越來越少;學位越來越多，感覺卻越來越少;知識越來越多，觀點卻越來越少;專家越來越多，問題也越來越多;藥物越來越多，健康卻越來越少。
We drink too much, spend too recklessly, laugh too little, drive too fast, get too angry too quickly, stay up too late, get up too tired, read too little, watch TV too much, and pray too seldom.
我們喝得太多，花錢大手大腳，笑得太少，開車太快，易怒，熬夜，賴床，書讀得越來越少，電視看得越來越多，卻很少向上帝祈禱。
We talk too much, love too seldom, and hate too often. We’ve learned how to make a living, but not a life; we’ve added years to life, not life to years.
我們常常夸夸其談，卻很少付出愛心，且常常心中充滿了仇恨。我們學會了如何謀生，而不知如何生活。我們延長了生命的期限，而不是生活的期限。
We’ve been all the way to the moon and back, but have trouble crossing the street to meet the new neighbor. We’ve conquered outer space, but not inner space; we’ve done larger things, but not better things.
我們登上了月球，并成功返回，卻不能穿過街道去拜訪新鄰居。我們已經(jīng)征服了太空，卻征服不了自己的內心;我們的事業(yè)越做越大，但質量卻沒有提高。
We’ve cleaned up the air, but polluted the soul; we’ve split the atom, but not our prejudice. We write more, but learn less; we plan more, but accomplish less.
我們清潔了空氣，卻污染了靈魂;我們分離了原子，卻無法驅除我們的偏見;我們寫得更多，學到的卻更少;我們的計劃更多，完成的卻更少。
We’ve learned to rush, but not to wait; we have higher incomes, but, lower morals.
我們學會了奔跑，卻忘記了如何等待;我們的收入越來越高，道德水平卻越來越低。
We build more computers to hold more information to produce more copies than ever, but have less communication; we’ve become long on quantity, but short on quality.
我們制造了更多的計算機來存儲更多的信息，制造了最多的副本，卻減少了交流;我們開始渴望數(shù)量，但忽視了質量。
These are the days of two incomes, but more divorce; of fancier houses, but more broken homes.
這個時代有雙收入，但也有了更高的離婚率;有更華麗的房屋，卻有更多破碎的家庭。
These are the days of quick trips, disposable diapers, throw away morality, one night stands, overweight bodies, and pills that do everything from cheer, to quiet, to kill. Where are we heading...?
這個時代有了快速旅游，免洗尿布，卻拋棄了道德、一夜情、超重的身體，以及可以從快樂中走向靜止和自殺的藥物。我們將走向何方……?
If we die tomorrow, the company that we are working for could easily replace us in a matter of days. But the family we left behind will feel the loss for the rest of their lives.
如果我們明天就死掉，我們?yōu)橹ぷ鞯墓究赡軙谝惶靸群茌p易地找人代替我們的位置。但是當我們離開家人后，他們的余生將會在失落中度過。
And come to think of it, we pour ourselves more into work than to our family an unwise investment indeed.
考慮一下吧，我們將自己的時間更多地投入到工作中，而放棄與家人在一起的時光，實在并非明智之舉。
So what is the morale of the story?
那么這則故事的主旨是什么呢?
Don’t work too hard... and you know what’s the full word of family?
不要工作得太辛苦，你知道家的全稱嗎?
FAMILY = (F)ATHER (A)ND (M)OTHER, (I) (L)OVE (Y)OU.
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