托福獨立寫作引入例子的詞組有哪些
托福獨立寫作備考的過程中，不僅要來寫作技能，還要了解積累一些寫作的詞匯、方法和技巧。今天小編和大家分享托福獨立寫作引入例子的詞組有哪些,希望能幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。
托福獨立寫作丨引入例子的詞組有哪些?
例子引入短語一 such as 和Like
用such as與like來舉例，是廣大考生比較熟悉的，但是在使用的時候需要注意以下幾點：
1. 在such as與like之前是籠統(tǒng)的概念，后面跟具體的含細(xì)節(jié)的例子，如上面的expert guidance(專業(yè)指導(dǎo))就是籠統(tǒng)的概念，而help with course preparations and methodology for appropriate lesson giving就是具體的含細(xì)節(jié)的例子。
2. 用such as比用like正式，在正式場合，應(yīng)盡量使用such as。
3. such as中的as與like都是介詞，后跟名詞或動詞的ing形式，如Activities such as rock climbing, bungee jumping and parachuting are extreme sports(攀巖，蹦極與跳傘都是極限運動)。在托福寫作考試的過程中，單詞的詞性一定要慎重考慮，選擇單詞的正確詞性(動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞等)非常重要。
例子引入短語二 include和range from…to…
這兩種引入現(xiàn)象的方法并沒有被很多考生所掌握，特別是range from…to…?？梢赃@樣說，能夠正確使用range from…to…的考生英語寫作基礎(chǔ)往往都是不錯的。使用include與range from…to…，我們需要注意以下幾點：
1. include與range from…to…可用作一般現(xiàn)在時形式，如例句1與3;也可用作ing形式，如例句2與4。
2. range from…to…通常表示范圍比較廣，如上面的ranging from course preparations to methodology for appropriate lesson giving，也就是說，從備課經(jīng)驗到恰當(dāng)?shù)纳险n方法論(當(dāng)然還包括像如何對付調(diào)皮的學(xué)生，如何與學(xué)生家長配合讓學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率最大化等方面)，該有的都會有，“應(yīng)有盡有”。
3. 我們一定要有意識地學(xué)習(xí)并使用如range from…to…等更加高級的表達(dá)方式，而不是停留在自己已經(jīng)熟知的套路上。
例子引入短語三.for example和for instance
提到舉例，相信大部分考生都會第一時間想到for example或for instance，甚至有些考生一篇獨立寫作中有四五個for example，因為在托福獨立寫作中會有多個地方用到舉例。從常理來說，這樣不但會讓評分人產(chǎn)生“審美疲勞”，而且也給人以英語知識積累不多，犯“詞窮”之感?！锻懈？荚嚬俜街改稀肥且罂忌讵毩懽髦畜w現(xiàn)syntactic variety(句法多樣性)的。鑒于此，筆者建議盡量不要使用for example與for instance。但是，如果對這兩種表達(dá)情有獨鐘，非要使用不可，也是可以的，但需要注意以下幾點(for example與for instance同義，可互換)：
1. 盡量將for example/for instance寫成插入語，這樣可以增加句法多樣性。
2. Take, for example/for instance, …就相當(dāng)于我們所熟悉的Take … for example/for instance。
3. for example/for instance一般可插入到一個句子的主語與謂語之間。
托福寫作解析:Arts or environment
Topic：Arts or environment?
A company is going to give some money either to support the arts or to protect the environment. Which do you think the company should choose? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
參考分析：
選擇哪一個都可以。只要列舉出兩三個sound reasons。并且要在作文中提及另外一個選擇的好處，以顯示“考慮周全”。
需要考慮的至少有兩點：
企業(yè)花錢，當(dāng)然要考慮input-output ratio。投入哪一個活動中，公眾效應(yīng)更加明顯?
社會作為受體，哪一個活動將對社會有更多的實際好處?
參考范文：
將錢投入在保護環(huán)境上
(1)保護環(huán)境，有利于人民的健康
(2)保護環(huán)境，能夠更好地促進商業(yè)發(fā)展。
(3)公司將錢投入到環(huán)境上，能夠提高自己的名聲，更好的獲得利益
Frankly speaking, both arts and environment are important to human being. However, if I were the CEO of a company, I would rather give the money to protect the environment than to support the arts. Because environment protection is quite urgent and matters the future of our globe, while arts is a continuous process to improve the quality of life.
First of all, environment protection is very urgent. Global warming is becoming more and more serious. Many spices are dying, the ice in South Pole is melting, and many rivers are being contaminated. Now it is time for us to do something to save our earth and our own future.
Secondly, environment protection is very important for all, including human being, plants, animals and the Earth. When I was a little boy, I often played in the river that is located beside my village. The water was so clean that we could just drink it directly. There were also many kinds of fishes in the river. It was such a beautiful place that I often played for a whole day. Now things are totally different, the water became brown in color due to pollution from factories, very few fishes can live there. Those small children can never enjoy the fun that I once did.
Thirdly, the art is a continuous process to improve the quality of life, which is not as urgent as environment protection. In addition, there are many ways by which funds can be raised for arts, such as exhibitions and auctions of artistic works. Environment protection needs money more urgently than arts do.
Although both arts and the environment are important, I prefer to give the money to support environment protection, due to the three reasons mentioned above.
托福寫作解析:Why people attend college
托福寫作題目：
Why people attend college?
People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
解析：
說明人們選擇上大學(xué)的具體原因(一個或者多個)：增加經(jīng)驗、拓展知識、開闊視野
為了實現(xiàn)理想(ideal; idealistic)為了保證將來的就業(yè)機會 父母要求子女上大學(xué) 別人都上大學(xué)了，所以自己也選擇讀書 找不到工作。
參考范文：
After graduating from high school many young people have the option to directly enter the work force. Most students who have the opportunity, however, decide to go to college before finding jobs (They attend college to obtain more choices,higher salaries, and more opportunities for advancement in an increasingly competitive job market. Before attending college, students have a limited opportunity to specialize. After obtaining a specific college degree a job applicant can be competitive for previously unavailable jobs.
For instance, applicants with Computer Science degrees would not only be qualified for jobs in hightech companies, they would also be well prepared for any job with computer skills as a prerequisite. With a larger range of potential jobs to choose from, degree holders are more likely to find a job that suits their particular needs and interests.
Additionally, employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants. For example, many companies desire employees who are competent in more than one language and offer higher salaries to attract them.
Even if a job applicant without a college degree has high standardized test scores, employers may still place a higher value on an applicant with similar test scores who also possesses credentials from a wellknown university. Because of the extent to which a college degree is accepted by employers as proof of competence in a given field, college graduates are not only more likely to receive more job offers, they can also command higher salaries than applicants who lack college diplomas.
Finally, in addition to offering more choices and higher salaries, a college degree offers access to jobs with a clear path towards professional advancement. A B.S. in biology, for example, could allow a student to find a job in a lab after graduation, a first step on the road towards a career in scientific research. The same major could also be used to apply to medical school, and a career as a doctor. Both of these avenues would be unavailable without taking the first step of an undergraduate degree in biology.
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