GRE考試寫作提綱總結(jié)之學習方法

GRE考試寫作提綱總結(jié)之學習方法,我們一起學習一下吧，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

GRE考試寫作提綱總結(jié)之學習方法

1. 學習方法，態(tài)度：

229."The best way to learn a new subject or skill is to study small segment s or details in great depth rather than to start by trying to develop a sense of the whole."

a) 這兩種學習方法在學習種都是很重要的。細分可以是我們能有insight，精深的理解?？傮w上把握可以使我們看清沒部分之間的聯(lián)系，使理解更為全面。

b) 在學習一項新知識，新技能時候，更重要的是先把握整體，再研究細節(jié)。先把握整體可以讓我們清楚那一部分細節(jié)是最重要的

c) 如果直接從細微處鉆研，容易打擊人的積極性，當對整體沒有正確認識時候深入研究是十分辛苦的。沒有對于整體的把握，不能很好的研究細節(jié)，比如數(shù)學，研究積分需要知道微分。容易過多重視細節(jié)而忽視各部分之間的聯(lián)系與整體的效果

57."The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is much richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."

117."The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."

204."We learn through direct experience; to accept a theory without experiencing it is to learn nothing at all."

28. "Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little."

42 "Because learning is not a solitary activity but one that requires collaboration among people, students of all ages will benefit academically if they work frequently in groups."

153 "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

a) 在質(zhì)疑的過程中，可以加深對知識的認識，在解決問題的過程中，學習能力、查資料的能力、思考能力不斷提高。如一項政策，在了解其目的后，學生可能質(zhì)疑其會帶來的負效應。在查找資料，詢問老師后，可以了解到這些負效應能夠以怎樣的方式被解決。若不質(zhì)疑，則可能停留在原地。

b) 質(zhì)疑促進了創(chuàng)新。人類的認識是有限的，不可能完全正確沒有任何漏洞。質(zhì)疑提出了問題，引起了創(chuàng)新。當魏格納Wegener發(fā)覺世界地圖不同大陸的海岸線有相似之處，他質(zhì)疑了當時流行的地址理論，經(jīng)過研究才提出了自己的板塊漂流說。哥白尼Copernicus質(zhì)疑地心說，才研究出了日心說

c) 如果學生只是被動接受而不質(zhì)疑，學習效率也不高。被動接受不能在學生大腦里留下深刻的印象，容易遺忘，因為沒有經(jīng)過自己的思考。例如，壓抑學生的積極性，引起學生反感，不愿意學。

d) 過度的質(zhì)疑影響了學習已有理論與知識。主要的目的是學習知識，時間是有限的，不能都用來質(zhì)疑。另一方面，由于自己知識水平低而存在的疑問隨著深入的學習會消除。比如剛學會加法的學生就質(zhì)疑加法的正確性，怎么繼續(xù)學習，不如等具備了全面的知識以后在質(zhì)疑，或許那時更能有所發(fā)現(xiàn)。

新版GRE寫作新題庫：Argument

題目：

The following appeared in an editorial in a local newspaper.

"Commuters complain that increased rush-hour traffic on Blue Highway between the suburbs and the city center has doubled their commuting time. The favored proposal of the motorists' lobby is to widen the highway, adding an additional lane of traffic. Opponents note that last year's addition of a lane to the nearby Green Highway was followed by a worsening of traffic jams on it. Their suggested alternative proposal is adding a bicycle lane to Blue Highway. Many area residents are keen bicyclists. A bicycle lane would encourage them to use bicycles to commute, it is argued, thereby reducing rush-hour traffic."

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

中文翻譯：

乘客抱怨在郊區(qū)與市中心的B高速公路的更長交通高峰期使他們在路上的時間多花了一倍。 一個駕駛協(xié)會的不錯建議是拓寬高速公路，修建一條附加機動車道。但反對者卻說去年臨近的G高速采用了相同的方法后交通狀況更加惡化。他們建議一種更好的建議是在B高速上修一條自行車道。很多的當?shù)厝硕际亲孕熊噽酆谜?。一條新的自行車道將會激勵他們騎自行車外出，這樣的方式會減少高峰時間的交通流量。

寫一篇回應，在其中討論還有哪些問題需要被回答才能決定文中的推薦是否能得到預期結(jié)果，并務請解釋對這些問題的回答是如何幫助更好的評估文中的建議的。

新版GRE寫作新題庫：Argument

題目：

"Over the past year, our late-night news program has devoted increased time to national news and less time to weather and local news. During this period, most of the complaints received from viewers were concerned with our station's coverage of weather and local news. In addition, local businesses that used to advertise during our late-night news program have canceled their advertising contracts with us. Therefore, in order to attract more viewers to our news programs and to avoid losing any further advertising revenues, we should expand our coverage of weather and local news on all our news programs."

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

中文翻譯：

去年，我們的深夜新聞節(jié)目投入了更多的時間播放全國新聞，較少的時間播放天氣預報和地方新聞。在同一時期，我們從觀眾那里獲得的投訴大部分是關(guān)于電視臺對于天氣和地方新聞的播放的。而且，若干曾經(jīng)在我們深夜新聞節(jié)目播放廣告的地方企業(yè)剛剛?cè)∠撕臀覀兊膹V告契約。因此，為吸引更多的電視觀眾觀看我們的新聞節(jié)目并避免失去未來的廣告收入，我們應該在我們所有的新聞節(jié)目中增加天氣和地方新聞的播報。

寫一篇回應，在其中檢視文章的論證中述及和/或未明確述及的假設(shè)，務請解釋文章的論證是如何依賴于這些假設(shè)的，并指出如果這些假設(shè)不成立會對文章的論證帶來何種影響。

新版GRE寫作新題庫：Argument

題目：

The following appeared in an article written by Dr. Karp, an anthropologist.

"Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research of mine proves that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture is invalid and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid as well. The interview-centered method that my team of graduate students is currently using in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures."

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

中文翻譯：

20年前，知名人類學F博士訪問了T島，并從他的觀察中得出結(jié)論：T島的孩子是由整個村子撫養(yǎng)長大而不是他們的親生父母。然而，我最近對生活在T島以及周邊一些島嶼的兒童采訪顯示，他們在談話中談到他們呢雙親的時間遠遠多于談到村莊里其他成年人。我的這次研究證明F博士關(guān)于T島鄉(xiāng)村文化的結(jié)論是錯的，因此這種以觀察為主的文化研習方式也是無效的。由于我那些在T目前調(diào)研的研究生們正是采用我的采訪為主的方法，所以他們將會對T島孩子撫養(yǎng)傳統(tǒng)已經(jīng)其他島嶼文化給出更加精確的了解。

寫一篇回應，在其中檢視文章的論證中述及和/或未明確述及的假設(shè)，務請解釋文章的論證是如何依賴于這些假設(shè)的，并指出如果這些假設(shè)不成立會對文章的論證帶來何種影響。

新版GRE寫作新題庫：Argument

題目：

The following appeared in the summary of a study on headaches suffered by the residents of Mentia.

"Salicylates are members of the same chemical family as aspirin, a medicine used to treat headaches. Although many foods are naturally rich in salicylates, for the past several decades, food-processing companies have also been adding salicylates to foods as preservatives. This rise in the commercial use of salicylates has been found to correlate with a steady decline in the average number of headaches reported by participants in our twenty-year study. Recently, food-processing companies have found that salicylates can also be used as flavor additives for foods. With this new use for salicylates, we can expect a continued steady decline in the number of headaches suffered by the average citizen of Mentia."

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

中文翻譯：

水楊酸酯和用來治療頭痛的藥物--阿司匹林是同一類化合物。盡管很多食品天然富含水楊酸酯，過去幾十年中食品加工公司仍然在食品中加入它來作為防腐劑。這種水楊酸酯在商業(yè)上的使用被發(fā)現(xiàn)與我們?yōu)槠?0年研究的參加者所報告的頭痛發(fā)病的平均數(shù)量下降是相關(guān)的。最近，食品加工公司發(fā)現(xiàn)水楊酸酯也可以被用作食品香料。根據(jù)這種水楊酸酯的新用途，我們可以預期Mentia居患頭痛癥的數(shù)量將會持續(xù)穩(wěn)步下降。

寫一篇回應，在其中檢視文章的論證中述及和/或未明確述及的假設(shè)，務請解釋文章的論證是如何依賴于這些假設(shè)的，并指出如果這些假設(shè)不成立會對文章的論證帶來何種影響。

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