托福綜合寫作參考材料信息歸納整理經(jīng)驗(yàn)講解

托福綜合寫作考察的重點(diǎn)其實(shí)并非考生的寫作技能，而是對(duì)不同來源信息的對(duì)比和歸納整理能力，因此考生在備考綜合寫作時(shí)，需要著重提升這方面的能力，才能讓文章得到較好分?jǐn)?shù)。下面小編就和大家分享托福綜合寫作參考材料信息歸納整理經(jīng)驗(yàn)講解，來欣賞一下吧。

托福綜合寫作參考材料信息歸納整理經(jīng)驗(yàn)講解

托福綜合寫作提取信息難點(diǎn)分析

對(duì)于題目中給出的閱讀和聽力材料，特別是聽力材料，考生需要在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)把握其重點(diǎn)信息和論證方法，這是綜合寫作的第一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。但由于涉及的題材都是一些學(xué)術(shù)的文章和報(bào)道，所以在歸納方面還是有一定的規(guī)律可循，考生如能掌握以下重點(diǎn)并多加練習(xí)，必能攻破這一難關(guān)。

托福綜合寫作閱讀材料如何提取信息?

首先，閱讀的部分往往來源于一些學(xué)術(shù)類的文章，因此其內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)往往都有很好的邏輯性和完整性，往往文章的首句會(huì)提出文章的談?wù)摫尘昂蛯?duì)象，并緊跟其后提出文章的主題，而接下來的文字則會(huì)圍繞這個(gè)主題展開一些細(xì)節(jié)性的話題。同時(shí)，文章的最后一段也會(huì)有重點(diǎn)的觀點(diǎn)和信息，也是考生重點(diǎn)要把握的部分。而在段落中間，一般情況下，學(xué)術(shù)類文章采取歸納式(先進(jìn)行論證或舉例子后總結(jié)觀點(diǎn))和討論式(以主題句開頭后面進(jìn)行論證)的模式，同時(shí)考生應(yīng)該要多注意表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系和總結(jié)性的連接詞，把握了這些內(nèi)容，對(duì)于考生掌握閱讀材料的重點(diǎn)信息和結(jié)構(gòu)有很大的幫助。

托福綜合寫作聽力素材信息整理經(jīng)驗(yàn)

其次對(duì)于聽力材料，這是綜合類寫作過程中的難點(diǎn)，但考生在已經(jīng)理解了閱讀材料的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)于聽力材料的主題就已經(jīng)有了一定的把握，因此考生需要將聽力的重點(diǎn)放在判斷聽力文章的觀點(diǎn)和閱讀文章的觀點(diǎn)的比較上，是互相支持還是互相對(duì)立，支持或?qū)α⒌挠^點(diǎn)分別用哪些論證手段和實(shí)例來證明。但是，由于聽力材料不會(huì)再次出現(xiàn)，因此考生一定要在聽力過程中過好筆記，記住關(guān)鍵性的句子和詞語，為此建議考生平時(shí)多做相關(guān)聽力資料的聽取和筆記練習(xí)。

托福寫作素材之成功的企業(yè)

After working with dozens of small companies, I discovered that the successful ones share some common traits. Here, then, are the 14 qualities I've witnessed in many of the thriving small businesses I've worked with:

Company culture. Culture is defined as the "integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief and behavior that depends upon man's capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations." For successful companies, culture is about attracting and hiring the people who would be most successful in that specific organization. And it's about driving the behavior that makes the company successful.

Customer service. Simply defined, customer service means taking care of your customers. Many companies integrate customer service into their business culture through training and the design (and frequent redesign) of relevant business processes. In most cases, the business plan dictates how they will provide quality customer service.

Business strategy. A complex strategy or business plan isn't necessary to achieve success. A simple one-page document will do, but it should be well thought out and well executed. A poorly crafted business plan that's well executed is far superior to the well-crafted business plan that sits on the shelf collecting dust. A good business plan defines and drives the activities and behaviors of the entire organization. Without it, the business becomes a ship without a rudder; it simply can't be steered and ends up going around in circles. A sound strategy should include a financial plan, marketing differentiators, and product strategy as well as a plan for employee retention.

Training. Because we live in a world of continuous change, it's more important than ever to implement a culture of continuous learning. For many successful owners, continual investment in training is a major contributor to success. For training to be successful, however, there must be a direct link back to the business plan and an understanding of how training supports the successful implementation of the business strategy.

重點(diǎn)表達(dá)摘抄：

share some common traits ：有共同點(diǎn)

attracting and hiring the people who：吸引并雇傭X.X樣的人

taking care of your customers:伺候好顧客

integrate s/th into：把X.X融入到X.X

be well thought out and well executed：經(jīng)過深思熟慮然后執(zhí)行的

poorly crafted business plan ：沒有被精細(xì)制作的商業(yè)計(jì)劃

is far superior to ：前者比后者高級(jí)的

well-crafted business plan ：精細(xì)制作的商業(yè)計(jì)劃

sits on the shelf collecting dust：擱置起來 (比喻形同虛設(shè)的政策等)

drives the activities and behaviors of the entire organization：

驅(qū)動(dòng)整個(gè)組織的活動(dòng)和行為

a ship without a rudder：沒有舵的船

product strategy :產(chǎn)品策略

employee retention：?jiǎn)T工保有率

in a world of continuous change：在不停變換的世界里

implement a culture of continuous learning：實(shí)施一個(gè)不斷學(xué)習(xí)的文化

is a major contributor to success：X.X是一個(gè)成功的重要因素

重要句子：

It simply can't be steered and ends up going around in circles.

無法駕駛并原地打轉(zhuǎn)。

適用的題目：

For any business to be successful, one must spend a lot of money on advertising.

托福寫作素材之打工的好處

What Are the Benefits of Part-Time Jobs for Students?

Taking on a part-time job while pursuing a degree is hard work, but the benefits are typically greater than the amount of a paycheck. Students who work during their college careers may have better time-management skills than their counterparts. They must understand responsibility and apply it to their daily lives. They earn money that can be used for fun or for tuition, while gaining experience in the workplace that will be attractive to future employers after graduation.

Money

Simply put, students who hold down part-time jobs will have more money than they would have otherwise. As they come into adulthood, earning an income can boost their confidence and allow them to have some fun within the limits of their paychecks. Some students need to work through school to afford tuition. Others will set the money aside to pay back student loans. Still, the money will be theirs to spend as they wish, and they may appreciate it more because they worked for it.

Budgeting

Students earning their own money get lessons on spending wisely. They may be less likely to spend their hard-earned money frivolously and learn to delay gratification to pay for necessities, such as text books and rent. At the same time, they can save for non-essential purchases, such as a car.

Time Management

Students taking on a job on top of their studies will have less free time than non-working students. When working students have to measure out their time, they tend to be better planners as they make sure they complete every task expected of them on deadline. They learn to weigh their priorities, sometimes skipping fun activities to finish their responsibilities. This prepares them for life after school when excuses and tardy work will be frowned upon.

Experience

Often, students work jobs that introduce them to their preferred career after school is over. This allows them to gain important introductory experience in the business and begin networking with those in that field. Even students who work in places not connected to their majors will look more impressive to potential employers. They'll have some kind of work experience on their resumes to start, and the fact that they've been able to hold a job while a school attests to their level of maturity, responsibility and time management. Employers look for employees who understand the work environment and work well as part of a team. Having a part-time job shows that the student is at least somewhat accustomed to the professional world, which will make the transition that much easier.

重點(diǎn)詞匯和搭配摘抄：

經(jīng)典詞匯：

time-management skills ：時(shí)間管理技能

counterparts：對(duì)等的人或物

potential employers ：潛在的雇主

non-working students：不工作的學(xué)生

動(dòng)詞搭配：

gaining experience ：獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)

boost their confidence ：增加自信

allow them to have some fun ：給他們

set the money aside ： 存一些錢

pay back student loans ：還學(xué)生貸款

to delay gratification ：推遲快感

weigh their priorities ：權(quán)衡一下重要的事情

be frowned upon： 被看不起，不被贊同

gain important introductory experience ：獲得重要的入門的經(jīng)驗(yàn)

attests to their level of maturity, responsibility and time management ：

證明的了他們的成熟度、責(zé)任和時(shí)間管理的水平

make the transition ：過渡

is at least somewhat accustomed to： 至少在某種程度上習(xí)慣于

重要句子：

Students who hold down part-time jobs will have more money than they would have otherwise.

學(xué)生做兼職工作會(huì)比不做兼職工作有更多錢。

Citation：

//work.chron.com/benefits-parttime-jobs-students-9248.html

適用題目：

2011-05-13

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the ways that parents can help children be ready for adult life to ask them to do a part-time job.