雅思寫作考試框架怎么搭建
對于雅思大作文寫作，我相信很多同學(xué)都有自己的一套，但是了解雅思大作文如何搭建框架對于雅思寫作考試大也是非常有幫助的，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
雅思寫作考試框架怎么搭建
寫作框架
通常來說，大作文的內(nèi)容可以分為四段：引入段，主體段一，主體段二，結(jié)論段。接下來小編就和大家聊聊每一段的具體內(nèi)容。注意，這只是一種可能可行的寫法。
雅思寫作基本框架之引入段
第一句：給出題目要求討論問題的大致背景。
第二句：一個更為詳細(xì)的句子，將大致背景與文章主題聯(lián)系起來。這句話的描述一定要細(xì)致，而不能大而化之，要不然看起來就很像背的模板。
第三句：針對題目所問的問題，給出你的觀點(diǎn)。
第四句：一個提綱挈領(lǐng)的句子，給出接下來你要使用的支撐整體觀點(diǎn)的兩個分論點(diǎn)。大概說一下就好，但要注意使用同義替換，最好不要跟下面的主題句使用同樣的詞匯。
雅思寫作基本框架之主體段一：
第一句：主題句，說明你要給出的第一個分論點(diǎn)。這個句子要比引入段的句子更詳細(xì)一些。
第二句：結(jié)合日常生活中真實(shí)的例子來說明自己的分論點(diǎn)。需要說明的是，這點(diǎn)最好不要使用第一或者第二人稱，而要寫出普遍性來。
第三句：討論上一句話中的例子怎樣聯(lián)系或證明自己的分論點(diǎn)。
第四句：結(jié)論句，一句話將整個段落與文章主題相聯(lián)系。
雅思寫作基本框架之主體段二：
與主題段一的結(jié)構(gòu)完全相同，具體觀點(diǎn)不同即可。
第一句：主題句，說明你要給出的第一個分論點(diǎn)。這個句子要比引入段的句子更詳細(xì)一些。
第二句：結(jié)合日常生活中真實(shí)的例子來說明自己的分論點(diǎn)。需要說明的是，這點(diǎn)最好不要使用第一或者第二人稱，而要寫出普遍性來。
第三句：討論上一句話中的例子怎樣聯(lián)系或證明自己的分論點(diǎn)。
第四句：結(jié)論句，一句話將整個段落與文章主題相聯(lián)系。
雅思寫作基本框架之結(jié)論段：
第一句：大致總結(jié)之前討論過的兩個分論點(diǎn)，注意同義替換或者句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。
第二句：重申你整篇文章的主題，同樣注意要使用跟第一段不一樣的詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)。
第三句：可有可無，根據(jù)題目所給的出題，給出建議或者預(yù)測。
柱狀圖寫作
柱狀圖的寫作重點(diǎn)無非就是數(shù)據(jù)的描述，一般可以分為兩種情況，就是根據(jù)每個組里的柱子的個數(shù)，有單柱子和多柱子。
第一種情況，單柱子。這種情況好寫，就是分別說一下就可以了，如果是以時(shí)間為橫軸的話，就寫一下趨勢，如果是以組為橫軸，則直接寫。
第二種情況，多柱子。這個情況比較麻煩，數(shù)據(jù)少比如每個組里就兩個柱子，可以全寫，如果數(shù)據(jù)比較多，比如每個組里有六個柱子，那就取幾個最大或者最小的就行，也就是說在比較的過程中想要拿到想要的結(jié)果就要找對比鮮明的那一對就對了。把對比最鮮明的幾個柱子描述清楚，其他的可以一帶而過。
注意：對于柱狀圖，數(shù)據(jù)太多，則起點(diǎn)，結(jié)點(diǎn)和數(shù)量相等點(diǎn)必寫，倍數(shù)點(diǎn)必寫。這是因?yàn)檫@些點(diǎn)都是非常有代表性的點(diǎn)，分析這些點(diǎn)就可以基本看出這些柱狀圖分析的主要結(jié)果了。
寫作誤區(qū)
濫用大詞，忽視語言準(zhǔn)確度
由于評分中提到高級詞匯的使用及詞匯使用廣度的說法，有些考生認(rèn)為雅思寫作中必要出現(xiàn)長詞，難詞，生僻詞，否則不足以顯示語言能力之強(qiáng)，卻忘記了，詞匯準(zhǔn)確性更是考核的基礎(chǔ)。用錯了語境，這樣的大詞不止不是點(diǎn)睛，反而是敗筆了。重環(huán)球思
比如想表達(dá)“廣告造成盲目消費(fèi)，影響很大”有的考生選擇用gigantic來形容嚴(yán)重性，然而，用來形容廣告的負(fù)面影響這個詞未免過于嚴(yán)重了。
下面再列舉幾個寫作中的句子，看一下哪些詞出現(xiàn)了使用不當(dāng)?shù)那闆r，以及怎樣替換才能準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)呢?
1) Some children are so selfish that they always engage in some malicious behaviors， like littering.
2) It is universally acknowledged that mobile phones are widely used in our daily life.
3) Children always obtain money from their parents.
例句中，malicious一般用來形容本質(zhì)出于惡意的行為，形容亂丟垃圾顯然過大了，建議改為improper;同理，2，3句中universally acknowledged換為generally believed;obtain 換為get即可;不恰當(dāng)?shù)拇笤~起到的只能是反效果。
因此，童鞋們背單詞的時(shí)候一定不能僅僅背其中文翻譯，還需要明確詞匯的搭配和使用語境;用法得當(dāng)才能錦上添花。
詞性使用不當(dāng)
很多考生背單詞，由于只背意思和拼寫而不注意詞性，導(dǎo)致用詞錯誤，而詞性錯誤直接導(dǎo)致語法錯誤，連帶下一項(xiàng)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一定受影響，從而失分降檔。
比如，最常見的表達(dá)影響的詞“affect， effect”許多考生搞不清楚前者為動詞后者為名詞，各種用錯;再如表缺乏的詞組：lack of， 考生想當(dāng)然的在前面加be動詞使用， 殊不知，lack當(dāng)動詞，名詞都可以，唯獨(dú)沒有形容詞的用法。
類似的還有表達(dá)“替代”的幾個詞：replace， instead 和substitute。有些考生誤以為三者都是動詞，其實(shí)，instead 為副詞，substitute 既是及物動詞，不及物動詞，又是名詞。
同樣再舉幾個例子讓大家感受下，能否找出其中使用不當(dāng)?shù)脑~呢?
1) When the amount of supply beyond the market demand， the price will go down.
2) When one studies at home lonely， he or she will be less motivated.
3) With the number of cars increases sharply， traffic congestion has become more serious in urban areas.
上面三句分別出現(xiàn)了不當(dāng)詞性問題，需要做如下更改：
beyond—exceeds，
lonely—alone 和
increases—increasing;
你做對了嗎?
雅思寫作范文：廣告的作用
If the product is of good quality and meets people’s needs, people will buy it. Therefore, advertising is unnecessary and is no more than a type of entertainment. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
如果產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量好，滿足人們的需求，人們就會去買。因此，廣告是沒必要的，僅僅是一種娛樂。你在多大程度上同意或者不同意?
思路解析：
1. 娛樂功能：在指導(dǎo)人們購物上，廣告的作用正在衰退。舉例，人們更喜歡通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的帖子和測評信息來選擇商品。
2. 銷售功能：廣告幫助人們有效地了解和對比產(chǎn)品。舉例，通過廣告中對于相關(guān)產(chǎn)品的參數(shù)，功能，和總體性能的描述，客戶能了解到該產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn)和價(jià)值，并對于產(chǎn)品的好壞做出判斷。
3. 刺激銷售：廣告能勾起觀眾的購買欲。舉例，一個精美的廣告往往能讓用戶重復(fù)購買他們不需要的東西，如奢侈品廣告。
參考范文：
What is the root function of an advertisement in media? Some people believe it is just for entertaining viewers and it has nothing to do with products selling. Personally, I hold an opposed view that advertising is still the main way of stimulating the consumption of common goods, and my reasons will be explored as below.
Admittedly, Advertisements today have less influence on the public to purchase commodities, because now there are diverse information accesses to understand a product. For example, on an age of Internet, people with desires of purchasing goods, especially the youngsters, prefer reading the professional articles of forums or assessment websites collecting comments and feedbacks from consumers, or listening to the advices from the face-to-face communication with friends and peers. In their eyes, the description of a certain product on an advertisement is unpractical, unobjective and unconvincing. Therefore, advertisements—such as posters in billboards and Videos in TV screens—are viewed as the amusement by which the audience’s stress and worries in minds can be relieved.
However, I strongly believe this assertion underestimate advertisement functions in day-to-day life. Firstly, by what way can a customer be sure of whether a product is really good or needed? The answer is definitely the advertisement. For example, today cell phones of different bands have a high similarity in their appearances and shapes, and it is a big challenge for customers to pick put the right one. So there is a necessity for adverting, which can clearly presents the inner components, parameters and unique features of a cell phone. By reading the detailed information, customers can easily distinguish one product from others, and make a proper judgment of which one is the best or most satisfying for them.
The second reason against this assertion is that advertisements can encourage viewers to buy items they do not need. For example, typical slogans on advertisements like “special discount”, “l(fā)imited time offer” and “buy one get one free”, are overwhelming temptations. They manipulate brains of customers, driving them to purchase these bargains, with no concern of whether the products are really essential or not.
All in all, this assertion is basically problematic. Although the influence of advertisements is declining, they are still irreplaceable, in terms of their great contributions on instructing people to compare and select high-quality products, as well as sparking the desire of customers to do more shopping.
雅思考試寫作范文：人們工作生活失去平衡的原因
Task：Many people fail to achieve a balance between work and the other parts of life. What causes the situation? How to overcome this problem?
思路解析：
1. 根本的原因之一在于，巨大的工作競爭和壓力讓人們變成工作狂。為了保住飯碗，他們不得不長時(shí)間的加班，開會，來確保他們在工作上有一個好的表現(xiàn)，也表現(xiàn)出他們對于公司的貢獻(xiàn)和忠誠。
2. 另外一個原因在于，科技不斷地提高著人們的工作量和工作預(yù)期。舉例，電燈的發(fā)明讓員工們在晚上加班成為可能;手機(jī)也模糊了工作和休息的界限，讓人們在私人時(shí)間，周末，甚至是出門旅游的時(shí)候，也總是接到關(guān)于工作的短信和指示，這讓他們無法顧忌自己的休息和照顧家庭。
3. 如何恢復(fù)工作和生活的平衡，取決于如下幾個方面：首先，公司應(yīng)該提供終身的工作合同，這能減少員工對于下崗的恐懼和壓力，也讓他們能把一些注意力用于個人生活。此外，工作時(shí)間應(yīng)該被嚴(yán)格控制，禁止深夜和周末的加班。此外，人們在私人時(shí)間的時(shí)候，也應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離那些通訊工具，不然自己被工作信息所困擾。
參考范文：
Nowadays, there has been a heated social trend that the whole life of people tends to be surrounded by work, so that they are lack of time for the personal lives. In the following words, I will give possible relevant causes and solutions to this social issue.
This phenomenon stems from many causes, and the first one is about employment. In fact, limited job positions, in conjunction with the overpopulation and a declined economy, make the job competition increasingly fierce. For the security of jobs, all employees have to devote themselves into work to keep a good performance. Besides, working hard also represents their loyalty and values to the companies.
Another direct cause is driven by new technologies which serve a function of enhancing the working expectation among employees today. For example, the invention of electronic lights has made working at night available for workers, thus prolonging the work time. Similarly, the wide application of cell phones blurs the border between working and living. In leisure time of weekends and holidays, calls and messages from the companies, leaders of workplaces and clients frequently interrupt and even cancel the leisure plans of employees, as well as stealing their private time that could be spent on the family, children, and parties with friends.
In order to recover a balance between working and living, I think there should be combinative efforts of social laws, companies and individuals. Firstly, it is the responsibility of the government to strictly enact and carry out the laws of limiting the number of working hours in all positions of companies, which can ensure that employees have enough private time for leisure, exercise and family. Secondly, on the level of companies, they should provide life-long contracts, instead of temporary ones, to staff. Under a long-term security of employment, workers would get rid of the fear of losing jobs, and can devote themselves into working in moderation, rather than becoming workaholics. Lastly, employees should change a work-oriented lifestyle after a hard day at work, for example, ignoring emails, text messages and instructions sent from companies, which is a good way helping them to shift their concentration from working back to living.
雅思考試寫作范文：快節(jié)奏社會的問題
Task：The speeding up of life in areas such as travel and communications is negatively affecting the society at every level --- individual, national, and global. Do you agree or disagree?
思路解析：
同意，快節(jié)奏的生活方式同時(shí)給個人，國家和全球帶來的負(fù)面影響。
1. 個人層面：生活的加速會增大人們的壓力，因?yàn)樗茐牧松畹钠胶?。舉例，飛機(jī)大大加速了人們的出行，但是也帶來了更高的工作預(yù)期和更緊湊的時(shí)間計(jì)劃。在太多例子中，企業(yè)員工被要求在早上乘坐飛機(jī)抵達(dá)另一個州，甚至是國家，來參加會議和談判，然后又搭乘午夜的航班飛回家，中間沒有任何的休息時(shí)間。結(jié)果是，人們會感覺筋疲力盡，喘不過氣。
2. 國際層面：快速的運(yùn)輸和通訊系統(tǒng)的建立會進(jìn)一步破壞環(huán)境。舉例，飛機(jī)的頻繁使用會排放大量的尾氣。同樣的，為了滿足無線通訊的需求，如手機(jī)，數(shù)不清的基站被建立在山區(qū)和森林里，這破壞了生態(tài)圈。
3. 國家層面：便利的旅游和通訊會破壞一個國家的文化。舉例，飛機(jī)增強(qiáng)了國家之間的聯(lián)系，如貿(mào)易和旅游，但這也把國外文化引進(jìn)到國內(nèi)，這會導(dǎo)致文化競爭，并很有可能殺死本土文化。同樣的，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的興旺也把人們暴露在一個全球的流行文化之下，如流行音樂，電影，游戲，這讓年輕人失去對于本國文化的興趣。
參考范文：
Nowadays, modern technologies have sharply speeded up people’s traveling and communication. Some people argue that there are many negative results behind this fast-paced trend, personally, nationally, and globally. Personally, I strongly agree with this view, and my reasons will be explored as below.
Firstly, on the personal level, an accelerated life pace make individuals stressful, due to it breaks the balance between working and living. For example, airplanes, the fastest transportation nowadays, can largely shorten the time of people’s long-distant traveling, while its high efficiency also causes higher work expectancy and tighter work schedule. For example, in a single day, a manager of multi-national companies is asked to take plane to go for a meeting in another region and country far away in the morning, and fly back to the home at night. This fast and exhausting lifestyle not only damages people’s health, but also alienates them from families, because of the lack of time spent on exercise, rest, or dinners with spouse and children.
In addition, on the international level, fast systems of global transportation and communication worse the environment. For one thing, an increasing number of cross-border air flights mean more fossil oil is burned and more waste gas is emitted, such as smog. As a result, this kind of discharge further deteriorates the global warming. Similarly, for the purpose of building up a modern seamless communication system for cell phones and the Internet, new base stations are installed in mountains and forests, new cable ropes are buried under the seabed. These constructions make an overall destruction to the global ecosystem, thus leading to the extinction of species.
Finally, on the national level, the thriving of fast long-distant traveling and communication would destroy cultural identities of a country. For example, fast airplanes bring more foreigners to a region or a country for cross-border meetings and tours. In order to meet the needs and tastes of these new comers, local old buildings are replaced by modern skyscrapers, and traditional cuisines are replaced by western fast food like McDonald. What is more, advertisements and videos of a pop culture on the Internet, from Hollywood movies to rock music, from Paris fashions to online games, draw all attention of the public in any local area. In other words, under the influence of the Internet which plays a role of cultural invader, people will lose the interests and respects in their local culture.
In conclusion, adverse consequences of a fast-paced world are undeniable, including an unbalanced lifestyle, environmental problems caused by airplanes and telecommunication, and the disappearance of a local culture.
(435 words)
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