GRE閱讀文章來(lái)源介紹
很多考生對(duì)GRE閱讀的文章來(lái)源有興趣，紛紛猜測(cè)GRE閱讀理解中的文章出處。不管怎么說(shuō)，考生若是能夠知道這些文章的出處對(duì)閱讀備考會(huì)很有幫助。下面小編就和大家分享GRE閱讀的文章是怎么來(lái)的，希望能夠幫助到大家，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
GRE閱讀的文章是怎么來(lái)的?了解來(lái)源有助備考提分
GRE閱讀文章來(lái)源介紹：搜集“源文章”
出題機(jī)構(gòu)一般有自己固定的信息源和搜集信息的渠道。如ETS使用一個(gè)名為Source Finder的軟件在Internet上自動(dòng)檢索數(shù)字論文庫(kù)EBSCO中的文獻(xiàn)，并從中提煉出符合各種考試風(fēng)格要求(比如GRE和TOEFL等)的樣本GRE閱讀文章。
GRE閱讀文章來(lái)源介紹：加工改寫
出于版權(quán)限制，ETS用于實(shí)際的新GRE閱讀考試的文章長(zhǎng)度最多只能引用10%的原文長(zhǎng)度。這種“帶著鐐銬跳舞”的結(jié)果是大量文章內(nèi)容被改寫，重寫和刪節(jié)。改寫一般會(huì)大量使用分詞及從句，使句子變得更緊湊、更嚴(yán)密。盡管改寫后的文章會(huì)變得錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，但出題機(jī)構(gòu)會(huì)盡量保持文章中原有的鮮明態(tài)度以及較好的層次結(jié)構(gòu)。如：文章一開(kāi)始給出一個(gè)老觀點(diǎn)，后來(lái)有人提出新觀點(diǎn)，駁斥老觀點(diǎn)，文章作者對(duì)這個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)或完全同意、或持部分保留意見(jiàn)、或是做出有正有負(fù)的混合評(píng)價(jià)。
GRE閱讀文章來(lái)源介紹：設(shè)置出題點(diǎn)
出題機(jī)構(gòu)一般會(huì)先出關(guān)于文章主題、套路、態(tài)度、結(jié)構(gòu)以及與文章的主題有關(guān)的問(wèn)題，再針對(duì)文中比較明確的內(nèi)容出題。在出題方式上求新求變，一般會(huì)將原文中出現(xiàn)的詞匯或句子換一種說(shuō)法表達(dá)出來(lái)。最后再找一些極易被考生忽略的細(xì)節(jié)作為出題對(duì)象，以此提高考試難度，拉開(kāi)考生的分?jǐn)?shù)。
GRE閱讀文章來(lái)源介紹：題材廣泛，不拘一格
如前言中所說(shuō)，GRE閱讀理解的文章所涉及的題材有所區(qū)別，即GRE考試閱讀沒(méi)有管理類的文章，而這正是新GRE閱讀經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的題材。但總的來(lái)說(shuō)，它們所涉及的題材都十分廣泛。
一般來(lái)說(shuō)，新GRE閱讀文章可分為以下四類：人文類文章 (humanities)， 自然科學(xué)類 (science)， 社會(huì)科學(xué)類 (social science) 和商業(yè)管理類 (business)。
從新GRE閱讀文章選擇可以看出，盡管GRE考試閱讀文章涉及的學(xué)科眾多，對(duì)這些雜亂的學(xué)科無(wú)需具備相應(yīng)的知識(shí)，答案的重點(diǎn)均可在文章中找到。尊重新GRE閱讀文章的字句，不自己杜撰、屏蔽信息，這個(gè)就是可以做出完美GRE閱讀理解的重點(diǎn)。
GRE閱讀分?jǐn)?shù)的影響因素
一、專業(yè)向閱讀是軟肋
有些同學(xué)做GRE閱讀比較糟糕，原因是如果篇長(zhǎng)閱讀是社科類的，更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)是藝術(shù)類的。根據(jù)一般的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，中國(guó)考生最害怕的就是社科類的長(zhǎng)閱讀。這種閱讀再加幾個(gè)生詞，絕對(duì)能要你命?；撕芏鄷r(shí)間好好讀了，結(jié)果還是不知所云，7題全蒙的?？纪陠?wèn)了一下別人，情況也都差不多。
二、造成這種狀況的原因
造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因，對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，就是對(duì)美國(guó)文化了解太少。像這次那篇BT長(zhǎng)閱讀，說(shuō)的好像是什么impressionist(印象派)和modernist(現(xiàn)實(shí)主義)的東東。由于對(duì)這方面毫無(wú)了解，所以讀這篇文章毫無(wú)感覺(jué)。平心而論，哪怕再給我十分鐘我也讀不懂，所以我后來(lái)也索性放棄跨區(qū)了。
我不是要大家去補(bǔ)習(xí)美國(guó)文化的知識(shí)，這工程量太大，尤其對(duì)10月考試的同學(xué)。網(wǎng)上都說(shuō)平時(shí)要多看什么economist什么的，試問(wèn)有幾個(gè)人會(huì)真正為了GRE去看?
三、給出的一些建議
我的建議就是，大家可以抽一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，利用相關(guān)資源(比如wikipedia)，多去了解一下GRE社科類閱讀愛(ài)考的知識(shí)。憑我粗粗做完所有閱讀備考資料的印象，GRE社科類閱讀非常喜歡考黑人文學(xué)Black literature，黑人音樂(lè)Black music(尤其是Jazz)，婦女(包括婦女地位的改變，婦女文學(xué))，藝術(shù)類包括impressionist、modernist等。另外務(wù)必多留意一下上述知識(shí)的代表人物!比如Ragtime就是Jazz的代表人物及一種風(fēng)格。并不是要求大家知道這個(gè)人物做了什么，只需要混個(gè)眼熟，考試的時(shí)候萬(wàn)一碰到一大串人名，能對(duì)其中一兩個(gè)有點(diǎn)眼熟，能大概猜測(cè)出來(lái)是關(guān)于什么的就行!
GRE閱讀：云和氣候
As of the late 1980’s, neither theorists nor large-scale computer climate models could accurately predict whether cloud systems would help or hurt a warming globe. Some studies suggested that a four percent increase in stratocumulus clouds over the ocean could compensate for a doubling in atmospheric carbon dioxide, preventing a potentially disastrous planetwide temperature increase. On the other hand, an increase in cirrus clouds could increase global warming.
That clouds represented the weakest element in climate models was illustrated by a study of fourteen such models. Comparing climate forecasts for a world with double the current amount of carbon dioxide, researchers found that the models agreed quite well if clouds were not included. But when clouds were incorporated, a wide range of forecasts was produced. With such discrepancies plaguing the models, scientists could not easily predict how quickly the world’s climate would change, nor could they tell which regions would face dustier droughts or deadlier monsoons.
15.1. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
(A) confirming a theory
(B) supporting a statement
(C) presenting new information
(D) predicting future discoveries
(E) reconciling discrepant findings
15.2. It can be inferred that one reason the fourteen models described in the passage failed to agree was that
(A) they failed to incorporate the most up-to-date information about the effect of clouds on climate
(B) they were based on faulty information about factors other than clouds that affect climate
(C) they were based on different assumptions about the overall effects of clouds on climate
(D) their originators disagreed about the kinds of forecasts the models should provide
(E) their originators disagreed about the factors other than clouds that should be included in the models
15.3. It can be inferred that the primary purpose of the models included in the study discussed in the second paragraph of the passage was to
(A) predict future changes in the world’s climate
(B) predict the effects of cloud systems on the world’s climate
(C) find a way to prevent a disastrous planetwide temperature increase
(D) assess the percentage of the Earth’s surface covered by cloud systems
(E) estimate by how much the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere will increase
15.4. The information in the passage suggests that scientists would have to answer which of the following questions in order to predict the effect of clouds on the warming of the globe?
(A) What kinds of cloud systems will form over the Earth?
(B) How can cloud systems be encouraged to form over the ocean?
(C) What are the causes of the projected planetwide temperature increase?
(D) What proportion of cloud systems are currently composed of cirrus of clouds?
(E) What proportion of the clouds in the atmosphere form over land masses?
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GRE閱讀文章來(lái)源介紹
