托福閱讀把握技巧長難句不再難
托福閱讀長難句, 把握技巧長難句不再難，今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈ｉ喿x把握技巧長難句不再難,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
托福閱讀長難句 把握技巧長難句不再難
一.托福閱讀難點(diǎn)分析
我們知道，托福閱讀備考過程中，需要攻克的難點(diǎn)依次是詞匯，語法以及邏輯，即得有一定的詞匯量作為基礎(chǔ)，熟悉一些語法知識，明白句子的邏輯關(guān)系，尤其是長難句的分析，還有就是篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的訓(xùn)練，這三點(diǎn)對于提升閱讀能力和分?jǐn)?shù)必不可少。
二.托福閱讀長難句解析
1.長難句難點(diǎn)解析
面對托福閱讀中的句子，有的長達(dá)3-4行，且生詞很多，即使學(xué)生詞匯量準(zhǔn)備充分，但對于句子還是不能準(zhǔn)確理解，那問題是什么呢?其實(shí)，本質(zhì)還是對于句子語序不理解導(dǎo)致的。
2.長難句分析方法
首先要明確，并不是每個(gè)難句我們都需要讀懂。我們都知道托福是一門標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試，這意味著它的出題點(diǎn)一般都是不會(huì)變的，有規(guī)律可循。以前考過的知識點(diǎn)，以后肯定還會(huì)繼續(xù)考查同種類型的;而以前沒有考過的，那么以后肯定也就不會(huì)考了。按照我一貫的做事風(fēng)格，肯定是要把難句的所有類型先全部列出來，然后再逐個(gè)去想應(yīng)該如何解決。這樣就可以保證我們在考試的時(shí)候遇到的每一個(gè)難句都能被清楚地歸類，因?yàn)樵?jīng)訓(xùn)練過，所以雖然是新的題目，但卻屬于熟悉的類型，我們便可按照既定方法從容應(yīng)對。
對于難度較大的托福閱讀長難句，基本方法是確定句子的主、謂、賓，找出句子的主干，忽略其他的成分，將長句變成短句，托福閱讀要學(xué)會(huì)將句型結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子變成句型結(jié)構(gòu)簡單的句子。
(1)不定式及不定式短語做主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語
例1.To hold people accountable for their actions is important.
中文譯文：督促人們?yōu)樽约旱男袨樨?fù)責(zé)是十分重要的。
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：不定式短語to hold people accountable for their action 做主語。
(2)動(dòng)名詞及動(dòng)名詞短語做主語、表語、賓語
例2. It involves probing for deeply rooted concerns, devising creative solutions，and making trade-offs and compromises where interests are opposed.
中文譯文：它涉及到探究深層次的關(guān)注，想出有創(chuàng)造性的解決方案，以及當(dāng)利益矛盾時(shí)，做出交易和妥協(xié)。
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)簡單句。主語是it，謂語是involves，三個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語做賓語(屬于平行結(jié)構(gòu))。在閱讀中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)“a and b”或“a or b”的形式，其中a 與b 同義或近義，所以只要認(rèn)識其中一個(gè)詞就能猜測出另一個(gè)詞的大致意思。例如：trade-off and compromises。
(3)后置定語
例3. The most common procedure for doing this is negotiation，the act of communication intended to reach agreement.
中文譯文：做這件事最常用的方法是談判，一種想要達(dá)成一致的交流的行為。
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：The most common procedure for doing this 是主語從句;過去分詞短語intended to reach agreement 是the act of communication 的后置定語，the act of communication intended to reach agreement 是negotiation的同位語，對negotiation 進(jìn)行解釋。
Toefl閱讀備考要分清主次
托福閱讀備考用的是誰的單詞書其實(shí)沒有多大分別，你只要認(rèn)認(rèn)真真的把一本單詞書背個(gè)70%，那也就差不多了，托福閱讀的主要考察對象不是單詞，只是透過單詞來表達(dá)一種意思，只要你能猜出來這種意思并且在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上把題答對，那么，對少單詞都不是問題。
其次，對于難句長句的理解;還是要明白大意就好，但是要能夠根據(jù)大意準(zhǔn)確定位找到答案。大家可以專門找些難句和長句來進(jìn)行有針對性的練習(xí)。把那些句子反復(fù)讀，反復(fù)看，看上十幾遍，覺得很通順、覺得句子寫得很好自己以后也要這么寫了才算好。速度慢不是問題，但是堅(jiān)持下來，大家對難句和長句的理解能力就好提高。
再次，大家在專門練習(xí)托福閱讀題的時(shí)候，還是多看看OG;OG是非常有指向性的，而且那上面說的一些小技巧還是不錯(cuò)的。Delta上的題目要難一些，主要是有一些題目需要考生進(jìn)行引申、做一些文學(xué)上的理解，當(dāng)然這些在托福中是不會(huì)出現(xiàn)的。所以做題的時(shí)候不要想得太復(fù)雜，第一感覺是什么就選什么，很有效。
托福閱讀是一場考試，大家不可能有時(shí)間，把文章理解透徹，也沒必要。能夠在可能的情況下找到答案就好。所以在托福閱讀技巧中，不求甚解是最實(shí)用的。明白這篇文章是寫什么的，文章的架構(gòu)什么樣，一般看看每段首句就好了。做題目是那就是定位了，其實(shí)跟答題有關(guān)的就那么一句或兩句話，借助上下文幫助理解還是能夠答對的。
托福閱讀基本詞匯的背誦及托福閱讀答題技巧遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比托福專業(yè)及學(xué)術(shù)詞匯的積累更加重要，考生在備考時(shí)需要分清主次。
托福閱讀背景知識之肺部有味覺
Take a deep breath. Taste anything? Actually, your lungs may. Because scientists have discovered that the same receptors that exist on the tongue to taste bitter substances are also found on the smooth muscle of the lungs.
Researchers were studying the receptors on smooth lung muscles that regulate contraction and relaxation of theairways. That’s when they made the discovery—which was so unexpected that the researchers themselves were skeptical.
Finally, they became convinced that the receptors were really there, though not clustered in taste buds as they are on the tongue. The scientists then exposed human and mouse airways to various bitter compounds to gauge the effects.
Many toxic compounds are bitter, so the researchers expected the lung muscle to tense up and contract—to compel the breather to move away from whatever was bitter and perhaps toxic. But, in a second surprise, bitter compounds relaxed and opened airways better than any existing asthma drug. The study is in the journal Nature Medicine. "Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction".
Researchers will continue to search for the role of the receptors. Meanwhile, the work represents a surprising new lead in the search for drugs to treat asthma, emphysema or chronic bronchitis.—Cynthia Graber
托福閱讀賞析之女人為什么愛哭
a little boy asked his mother “why are you crying?”一個(gè)男孩問他的媽媽：“ 你為甚么要哭呢?”
“because i‘m a woman，” she told him.媽媽說：“因?yàn)槲沂桥税??！?/p>
“i don’t understand，” he said.男孩說：“我不懂?！?/p>
his mum just hugged him and said， ”and you never will“他媽媽抱起他說：”你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)懂得?！?/p>
later the little boy asked his father， ”why does mother seem to cry for no reason?“後來小男孩就問他爸爸：“媽媽為甚么毫無理由的哭呢?”
"all women cry for no reason， was all his dad could say.” “所有女人都這樣?！彼职只卮稹?/p>
the little boy grew up and became a man， still wondering why women cry.小男孩長成了一個(gè)男人，但仍就不懂女人為甚么哭泣。
finally he put in a call to god; and when god got on the phone， he asked，"god， why do women cry so easily?"
最後，他打電話給上帝;當(dāng)上帝拿起電話時(shí)，他問道：“上帝，女人為什么那么容易哭泣呢?”
god said： "when i made the woman she had to be special. i made her shoulders strong enough to carry the weight of the world; yet， gentle enough to give comfort“.上帝回答說：“當(dāng)我創(chuàng)造女人時(shí)，讓她很特別。我使她的肩膀能挑起整個(gè)世界的重?fù)?dān)，并且又柔情似水。”
"i gave her an inner strength to endure childbirth and the rejection that many times comes from her children”.
“我讓她的內(nèi)心很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，能夠承受分娩的痛苦和忍受自己孩子多次的拒絕?！?/p>
"igave her a hardness that allows her to keep going when everyone else gives up， and take care of her family through sickness and fatigue without complaining ".
“我賦予她耐心使她在別人放棄的時(shí)候繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持，并且無怨無悔的照顧自己的家人渡過疾病和疲勞?！?/p>
"i gave her the sensitivity to love her children under any and all circumstances， even when her child has hurt her very badly."
“我賦予她在任何情況下都會(huì)愛孩子的感情，即使她的孩子傷害了她?！?/p>
"i gave her strength to carry her husband through his faults and fashioned her from his rib to protect his heart.“
“我賦予她包容她丈夫過錯(cuò)的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和用他的勒骨塑成她來保護(hù)他的心?！?/p>
"i gave her wisdom to know that a good husband never hurts his wife， but sometimes tests her strengths and her resolve to stand beside him unfalteringly“.
“我賦予她智慧讓她知道一個(gè)好丈夫是絕不會(huì)傷害他的妻子的，但有時(shí)我也會(huì)考驗(yàn)她支持自己丈夫的決心和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)?！?/p>
"and finally， i gave her a tear to shed. this is hers exclusively to use whenever it is needed.“
“最後，我讓她可以流淚。只要她愿意。這是她所獨(dú)有的。”
"you see： the beauty of a woman is not in the clothes she wears， the figure that she carries， or the way she combs her hair.“
“你看，女人的漂亮不是因?yàn)樗┑囊路?，她保持的體型或者她梳頭的方式。”
"the beauty of a woman must be seen in her eyes， because that is the doorway to her heart the place where love resides.“
“女人的漂亮必須從她的眼睛中去看，因?yàn)槟鞘撬撵`的窗戶和愛居住的地方。”
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