托福閱讀備考訓練技巧解讀

托福閱讀備考訓練技巧解讀 如何提升你的文章理解能力?小編給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x備考訓練技巧解讀，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀備考訓練技巧解讀 如何提升你的文章理解能力?

托福閱讀為什么會出現(xiàn)看不懂的情況?

要解決這一問題，首先我們先來看看閱讀中到底是什么樣的句子限制了我們對文章的理解，一起來看實例：

With the advent of projection,the viewer’s relationship with the image was no longer private,as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope,which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive images on individual photograghic cards instead of on strips of celluloid.

When he grew older,William Smith taught himself surveying from books he brought with his small savings and at the age of ighteen he was apprenticed a surveyor of the local parish.

But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the group’s oral tradition and may even come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites.

從上面句子可以看出來，這些句子都包含多重修飾成分，或者說句式比較復雜，這也是大家看不懂閱讀句子文章的主要原因所在。而那對于修飾成分過多的句子，在此我們給出三種方案，也是希望大家能夠達到的三大目標

訓練一遍讀懂句子的能力

這就需要大家能夠快速抓取句子主干，摒棄之前養(yǎng)成的回視的習慣。以第一個句子為例，我們應能得到這樣的信息：

With……,the relationship was no longer private,it ……,which…..

這樣我們就知道了整個句子其實就是在敘述伴隨著投影機的出現(xiàn)，電影不再是屬于個別人的消費品，而后面的兩種機器的例子，只是在舉例說明這個一個觀點。

訓練以意群(word group)為單位進行閱讀的能力

所謂意群，就是在句中按照意思和結(jié)構(gòu)劃分出的各個成分，每一個成分都稱為一個意群。我們把第二個句子劃分意群如下：

(When he grew older,)(William Smith taught himself surveying)( from books)( he brought with his small savings)( and at the age of eighteen )(he was apprenticed)( a surveyor of the local parish.)

劃分過后，句子的含義就比較明了了，主要分為兩部分：當他年齡稍長時，他用自己微薄的積蓄買書開始自學測量學;18歲時，就已經(jīng)成為了當?shù)亟虆^(qū)的一名測量員學徒。

訓練對語言邏輯詞的敏感

a.并列關系：并列，遞進，條件，因果(分號，冒號，破折號)

并列：and，also，or，similarly ，in the same way

遞進：even，furthermore ，moreover，in addition，then，what is more

因果：derive from，lead to，due to，because，cause，since，for，therefore，hence，so…that，as a result ,result from

b.讓步，轉(zhuǎn)折關系：even though，although，while，but，yet，however，nevertheless，despite，in spite of

c.對比關系，比較級。

時間對比：when，while，after，before，since，until

比較級：more than，less than，most，above all

弄明白了這些詞，我們再來看第三個句子，主干結(jié)構(gòu)實際上就是一個and連接的并列句：

The myths……may continue as……and may even come to ……

這時再填充細節(jié)進去就容易的多了。

通過以上這3類針對性的訓練，相信大家再想要看懂托福閱讀文章就會變得輕松許多了。最后小編祝各位同學順利備考托福閱讀早日拿到高分和托福分手。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：最初馴化的獸群起源

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been, it seems entirely likely that much the same process of juxtaposition (living side by side) and control occurred in both southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even inEurope, among peoples who had an intimate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle.

詞匯講解：

tame /te?m/ v. 使(某 物)馴服或順從

intimate /'?nt?m?t/ adj. 親密的，親切的;私人的，個人的;精通的，詳盡的

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

(Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been), it seems entirely likely (that much the same process of juxtaposition(living side by side) and control occurred) (in both southwest Asia and northernAfrica, and even in Europe), (among peoples) (who had an intimate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle).

深度分析：

這個句子的主干就是：

it seems entirely likely，it指代后面的從句that

修飾一： (Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been) ，從句

中文：無論最初馴化的獸群起源于何處

修飾二：(that much the same process of juxtaposition (living side byside) and control occurred) ，從句

中文：和獸群毗鄰而居并且控制它們的過程發(fā)生了

修飾三： (in both southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even in Europe) ，介詞短語

中文：在南亞、北非甚至在歐洲

修飾四：(among peoples) ，介詞短語

中文：在人民中

修飾五：(who had an intimate knowledge ofthe behavior of wild cattle).，從句

中文：對野生牛群行為了如指掌

參考翻譯：

無論最初馴化的獸群起源于何處，在南亞、北非甚至在歐洲，那些對野生牛群行為了如指掌的人民當中，和獸群毗鄰而居并且控制它們這樣的過程極有可能發(fā)生了。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：土壤質(zhì)量和雜草入侵

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded by a large variety of weeds, whereas a neighboring construction site from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material may remain virtually free of vegetation for many months or even years despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.

詞匯講解：

fertile /'f??ta?l/ adj. (指土地)肥沃的, 富饒的;(指動植物)能結(jié)果實的, 能生育的;(指人的頭腦)主意多的, 有創(chuàng)造力的

plow /plau/ v. 犁<地>，用犁耕<地>

compact /k?m'p?kt/ v. 將(某物)緊壓在一起

coarse /k??s/ adj. 粗糙的;(指食物﹑ 酒等)低劣的, 粗劣的;不高雅的，粗俗的;

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded (by a large variety of weeds), whereas a neighboring construct ion site (from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material) may remain virtually free of vegetation (for many months or even years) (despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.)

深度分析：

這個句子的主干部分是：

A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded whereas a neighboring construction site may remain virtually free of vegetation

whereas然而，表示對比，對比兩種情況

修飾一：(by a large variety of weeds) ，介詞短語

中文：被各種各樣的雜草

修飾二：(from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material) ，從句，修飾a neighboring construction site

這個句子理解的難點應該就在這里了，這個從句把a neighboringconstruction site和may remain virtually free ofvegetation分開了，注意斷句不要出問題。

中文：這里的土壤被緊壓或移除過以至于露出母質(zhì)層(不要去理解啥是parent material，學術(shù)名詞)

修飾三：(for many months or even years) ，介詞短語

中文：幾個月偶然甚至是幾年

修飾四：(despite receiving the same inputof seeds as the plowed field.) ，介詞短語

中文：盡管得到了和這塊翻耕地同樣多的種子

參考翻譯：

一塊肥沃且被翻耕過的土地會被各種各樣的雜草迅速入侵，然而一個鄰近的建筑工地(這里的土壤被緊壓或移除過以至于露出母質(zhì)層)可能幾個月甚至幾年都幾乎沒有植被覆蓋，盡管得到了和這塊翻耕地同樣多的種子。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：成功移居依賴可用地點

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

Successin colonization depends to a great extent on there being a site available for colonization ---- a safe site where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level at which the invading species can become established.

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

Success in colonization depends to a great extent on there being a site available for colonization ---- (a safe site) (where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level) (at which the invading species can become established.)

深度分析：

這個句子的主干就是：

Success in colonization depends (to a great extent) on there being a site (available for colonization)

注意depend on被短語to a great extent(很大程度)隔開了，斷句不要出現(xiàn)問題，后面還有一個放在后面的形容詞短語(available for colonization)修飾a site

修飾一：(a safe site) ，同位語，解說說明前面的a site

中文：一個安全的地點

修飾二：(where disturbance by fire or bycutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level) ，從句

這個從句有點復雜：

where disturbance (by fire or by cutting down of trees) has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level

(by fire or by cutting down oftrees)，介詞修飾放在后面disturbance

注意這里有一個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，either or

either removed competing species

or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level

中文：在那里由于焚燒或伐木要么移除了競爭物種，要么減低了競爭水平和其它負面的物種間相互影響的水平

修飾三：(at which the invading species can become established.) ，從句

中文：入侵物種能夠定居下來。

參考翻譯：

成功的移居很大程度上依賴于有一個可用的移居的地點，即一個安全的地點，在那里由于焚燒或伐木要么移除了競爭物種，要么把物種間的競爭和其他負面的物種間相互影響減少到讓入侵物種能夠定居下來。

托福閱讀高難度文章長難句實例解析：哺乳動物的崛起與發(fā)展

托福閱讀100個長難句實例分析

原句案例：

However, no group or species can maintain its dominance indefinitely, and when, after over 200 million years, the age of dinosaurs came to a dramatic end about 65 million years ago, mammals began to flourish, evolving from relatively few types of small terrestrial animals into the myriad of diverse species, including bats and whales, that we know today.

詞匯講解：

dramatic /dr?'m?t?k/ adj. 戲劇的;激動人心的，給人深刻印象的

flourish v. /'fl?r??/ 昌盛，旺盛，興旺;健康成長，茂盛

terrestrial /t?'restr??l/ adj. 陸地的，陸生的;地球的

myriad /'m?r??d/ n. 無數(shù)，極大數(shù)量

結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：

However, no group or species can maintain its dominance indefinitely, and (when, (after over 200 million years), the age of dinosaurs came to a dramatic end) (about 65 million years ago), mammals began to flourish, (evolving from relatively few types of small terrestrial animals into the myriad of diverse species), (including bats and whales), (that we know today).

深度分析：

這個句子主干：

no group or species can maintain its dominance indefinitely, and mammals began to flourish

修飾一： (after over 200 million years)，介詞短語

中文：在二億年后

修飾二：(when the age of dinosaurs came to a dramatic end)，從句

中文：當恐龍時代突然結(jié)束

修飾三：(about 65 million years ago)，介詞短語

中文：大約在六千五百萬年前

修飾四：(evolving from relatively few types of small terrestrial animals into the myriad of diverse species)，非謂語動詞

中文：從少數(shù)幾種小型陸生動物逐漸發(fā)展到無數(shù)的各類物種

修飾五：(including bats and whales)，插入語

中文：包括蝙蝠和鯨魚

修飾六：(that we know today)，從句

中文：我們現(xiàn)在所知道的

參考翻譯：

然而，沒有哪類動物群或物種能夠一直保持統(tǒng)治地位。在二億年后，當恐龍時代大約在六千五百萬年前突然結(jié)束，哺乳動物便開始繁盛，從少數(shù)幾種小型陸生動物逐漸發(fā)展到無數(shù)的各類物種，包括我們現(xiàn)在所知道的蝙蝠和鯨魚。