托福閱讀paraphrase題型解題思路技巧實(shí)例分析

托福閱讀中有一種題型會(huì)要求大家概括解釋某個(gè)段落或是某個(gè)長(zhǎng)難句，并給出選項(xiàng)讓大家選擇，今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿xparaphrase題型解題思路技巧實(shí)例分析。希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀paraphrase題型解題思路技巧實(shí)例分析

托福閱讀中的paraphrase問題如何應(yīng)對(duì)?

在托福閱讀中，還有一類題型經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，那就是paraphrase。

這類問題需要大家在給出的選項(xiàng)選擇與文章中的長(zhǎng)難句意義相近的一句話。

這類問題還是有一定難度的，因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)中存在一些干擾項(xiàng)。

那么這類問題有哪些解題技巧呢?

Strategies to answer this question：

1. 劃分句子主謂賓，充分理解句子意思;

2. 將句子大意用自己的話復(fù)述一遍，簡(jiǎn)化句子成分;

3. 看問題選項(xiàng)中有沒有跟剛復(fù)述的句子意義相似的句子;

4. 選出正確答案后，看一下其他錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。這些錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)有的意思跟原文不同，有的漏掉了原文中的重要內(nèi)容。找出這些錯(cuò)誤，確保萬無一失。

Example:

大家先來看一個(gè)例子：

Rather than sell the painting, which is most likely worth millions of dollars, the Jesuits decided to make it available to the nation of Ireland for viewing. Thus, the painting is on “indefinite loan” to the National Gallery of Ireland. Nevertheless, the painting continues its travels as it features in exhibitions around the world, from the United States to Amsterdam.

Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence?

a. The National Gallery of Ireland now owns the painting.

b. The National Gallery of Ireland bought the painting from the Jesuits.

c. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting, but the Jesuits still own it.

d. The National Gallery of Ireland can display the painting as long as they allow it to travel.

想要回答正確，就要準(zhǔn)確理解文中indefinite loan的意思。"Loan”可以理解為an object is being lent，那么這句話的意思就很明白了。盡管愛爾蘭國(guó)家畫廊展出了這幅畫，但他的所有者仍是Jesuits。

這樣就可以排除A項(xiàng)跟B項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為：while the gallery can display the painting—this is not contingent upon it traveling.

托?？荚囬喿x長(zhǎng)難句解析指導(dǎo)

Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as possible by piecing together bits of historical evidence, such as sea-surface temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries’ records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists dating back to thefifteenth century. ( TPO43, 48)

piece v.拼湊，組裝

大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解

Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as possible (by piecing together bits of historical evidence),(such as sea-surface temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries’ records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists) (dating back to the fifteenth century). (TPO43,48)

托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析：

這個(gè)句子的主干是：

Scientists try to document as many past El Nino events as possible

修飾一：(by piecing together bits of historical evidence) ，介詞短語

中文：通過拼湊很多小的歷史證據(jù)

修飾二：(such as sea-surface temperature records, daily observations of atmospheric pressure and rainfall, fisheries’ records from South America, and the writings of Spanish colonists) ，介詞短語

中文：例如海面溫度記錄、氣壓和降水的日常觀察，南美洲漁業(yè)記錄以及西班牙殖民者的作品。

修飾三：(dating back to the fifteenth century)，非謂語動(dòng)詞

中文：追溯到15世紀(jì)

托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句參考翻譯：

科學(xué)家們通過拼湊很多小的歷史證據(jù)，來試圖盡可能多地記錄過去的厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，例如海面溫度記錄、氣壓和降水的日常觀察，南美洲漁業(yè)記錄，以及追溯到15世紀(jì)的西班牙殖民者的作品。

這個(gè)句子的主要修飾成分就是非謂語動(dòng)詞和介詞，大家務(wù)必想清楚，每一個(gè)修飾成分修飾的是什么，才能看清楚這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。

托?？荚囬喿x長(zhǎng)難句解析指導(dǎo)

29. But as more and more accumulations of strata were cataloged in more and more places, it became clear that the sequences of rocks sometimes differed from region to region and that no rock type was ever going to become a reliable time marker throughout the world. (TPO 6 William Smith)

托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句句子分析

本句的主句是it became clear，而as引導(dǎo)的則是時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“隨著……”。主句中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面兩個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，也就是主語從句，它們也是本句理解的重點(diǎn)所在。

托福閱讀詞匯精記

strata表示“地層”，它的單數(shù)形式是stratum。

sequences of rocks指的是“巖層順序”。

catalog也可拼作catalogue(英式拼法)，作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“把……編目分類”, 比如：He catalogued all the insects in his collection. 他把所收集到的昆蟲編目分類。catalog也可以作名詞，表示“商品目錄或購(gòu)物指南”。

differ from sth. to sth.，表示“從……到……不同”，可以借鑒到寫作中， 比如：The attitude toward shopping online differs from person to person. 對(duì)于網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物，不同的人有著不同的態(tài)度。

托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句參考譯文

但是，隨著越來越多的地方出現(xiàn)日益增多的地層分類，清晰的事實(shí)表明：有時(shí)巖層順序是因地區(qū)不同而發(fā)生變化，全世界還沒有一種巖層能成為可靠的地質(zhì)年代的標(biāo)志。

托福考試閱讀長(zhǎng)難句解析

Their competition and collaboration werecreating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with theintroduction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s.

記憶單詞：

competition n.比賽

competitor n.參賽者

competent adj.有能力的

competence n.能力

collaboration n.合作

collaborate v.合作

commercial adj.商業(yè)的

commodity n.商品

理解句子：

此句結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，劃線部分為分詞作狀語。