托福寫作詞匯運用技巧解讀
托福寫作詞匯運用技巧解讀, 2則實例告訴你寫文章詞匯用法。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈懽髟~匯運用技巧解讀,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
托福寫作詞匯運用技巧解讀 2則實例告訴你寫文章詞匯用法
托福寫作詞匯運用要順其自然
關(guān)于高級詞匯在TOEFL寫作中的應(yīng)用，我覺得要順其自然。有些考生總是喜歡找一些級別高的單詞，甚至是被人冷落的單詞進行記憶，這就好像讓莎士比亞去考托福一樣，級別相差太多。我見過很多學(xué)生，尤其是高中生，因為記憶力還保持在茂盛期，所以偏愛這種類型的記憶;這樣做的優(yōu)點在于你的單詞量擴展得很好，基本可以參加GRE的考試，缺點就是犧牲太多時間，也會損害記憶能力。
托福詞匯運用技巧實例講解
針對TOEFL考試，詞匯上的升級其實也很簡單，我們來看下邊這個例子：
important ? significant ? magnificent
具體應(yīng)用到句子中：
1. WTO is planning an important conference about commercial regulations。
2. It is a significant contribution to the society。
3. We have visited the magnificent Forbidden city。
這幾個詞大家都很熟悉，都有“重要，華麗”的意思?？墒亲鳛橥壉容^的形容詞，它們之間的關(guān)系則是遞進式的，其強調(diào)的重要或者華麗的程度也在逐漸提升。如果你按照這樣的順序來進行記憶，不但可以記牢這幾個單詞，而且可以得到如何應(yīng)用的真諦。所以所謂的高級詞匯的應(yīng)用，要從基礎(chǔ)開始，打好基礎(chǔ)之后再進行積累，切忌操之過急
再來看看下邊這個例子：
Humility humiliate humiliated humiliating
這幾個詞匯都是由humility衍生出來的，但是意思大不相同，humility是我們的傳統(tǒng)美德，叫做“謙卑”，和pride正好是反義詞;而humiliate卻是“使人蒙塵”的意思，humiliate和humiliating 一般口語使用偏多，指的是“感覺很丟臉，沒有面子”。例如：I feel humiliated 或者 it is humiliating. 有時候，與其花費大量時間去記憶新單詞和詞組，都不如在已經(jīng)掌握的單詞中進行聯(lián)想性的擴展來的有效和實惠。其實道理很簡單，說一個東西好，很好，到非常好，相當(dāng)好，甚至好到不能再好，這是一個縱向比較的記憶方法，按照級別的不同進行選擇性的記憶和使用。
托福獨立寫作“媒體科技類”的素材表達
托福寫作科技媒體類題目涉及內(nèi)容
1.科技的影響(工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活)
2.政府 & 科技(太空探索，理論研究)
3.現(xiàn)代媒介 vs傳統(tǒng)媒介
4.傳媒的作用
必備表達
科技的利弊
Pros
Cutting edge technology 尖端技術(shù)
Technological innovations/inventions/advances/progressions 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和進步
1.提高工作效率
Augment/enhance/boost efficiency/productivity
Liberate accountants from repetitive and complex calculations that are Time-consuming and exhausting
2.方便信息檢索
Information regarding(concerning/pertaining to) any area can be immediately accessible
Easily obtain/attain/access information
3.促進交流
Facilitate communication /transcend geographical barrier
Communicate on a global scale/across the globe
4.方便生活
Facilitate people’s daily commuting
Multiple household appliances (air-conditioners---enjoy comfortable lives without worrying about whether it is hot,cold or rainy outside; refrigerators preserve food for longer ; vacuum cleaners--energy-saving & time-saving)
5.豐富生活
Spice up/enrich people’s life
Leisure time
Listening to music, surfing the internet or watching digital movies
6.醫(yī)療科技
CT-scans and B-type ultrasound scans aid doctors in diagnosing illness for patients
With the invention of certain targeted vaccines, people finally put an end to rampant epidemics/eliminate deadly diseases.
Cons
1.污染
Abuse of industrial chemicals has caused irreversible consequences
Increasing automobiles bring about air pollution
2.倫理問題
Ethnic problems caused by cloning human beings
3.侵犯隱私
Violate/intrude on/infringe on one’s privacy
Infected by viruses & attacked by hackers
4.阻礙交流
Overexposure to...
Socially isolated
Impede/hinder communication
利弊權(quán)衡
Double-edged sword 雙刃劍
Advantage/merit/strength/benefit 優(yōu)點
Disadvantage/demerit/weakness/defect/drawback/shortcoming 缺點
(Far) outweigh/overshadow/outshine 大于
投資科技的優(yōu)點
Inspire/stimulate/nurture/attract scientific minds
Turn out to be fruitful much later
Exert far-reaching/profound effect/impact
社交傳媒的利弊
Pros
Disseminate information
Keep in touch with/reconnect with old friends
Bridge previously insurmountable physical distances
Promote public participation and civic engagement
Objective, unbiased and truthful reporting
Inform people with updated news
Cons
The validity of this information cannot always be verified
Misleading, misrepresented, distorted news
托福寫作解析：倒裝句讓你的寫作更精彩
倒裝句在托福寫作中時常運用，一種是完全倒裝句;另一種是部分倒裝句。
對于英語句子的倒裝，有兩種情況下需要運用倒裝，一是由于語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要;二是由于修辭的需要。對于這兩種情況的倒裝，種情況是必須要倒裝的，否則你的句子就會出現(xiàn)語法錯誤;第二種是選擇性的倒裝，這里只會在表達效果上出現(xiàn)差異。下面小編就帶大家一起來看看從修辭功能的需要來看看倒裝句為你的托福寫作提分。
表現(xiàn)點一：表示強調(diào)
倒裝句，大家最常見的、最突出的表現(xiàn)形式就是強調(diào)，其它表達形式一般有3種形態(tài)：
1. only +狀語或狀語從句置于句首,句子用部分倒裝。
例：Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有當(dāng)他已經(jīng)說出那個字后才意識到自己犯了個大錯誤。
2. not, little, hardly, scarcely, no more, no longer, in no way, never, seldom, not only, no sooner等具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首,句子用部分倒裝。
例： Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽車上班。
例： so / such...that結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such位于句首可以構(gòu)成部分倒裝句,表示強調(diào)so /such和that之間的部分。
eg.To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排進行得那么長,以致于那兩個演員都走出去了。
以上各例子都用倒裝語序突出了句首成分,其語氣較自然語序強烈,因而具有極佳的修辭效果。
表現(xiàn)點二：承上啟下
在寫作表達中，有時需要在前一句說到或有聯(lián)系的人或者是事物在下一句緊接著先說出來，從而使前后兩句在意思上的關(guān)系更加清楚，銜接更加的緊密，起到一個承上啟下的作用，這時候往往會用到倒裝句。
例： We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain. 我們確實不應(yīng)因為被稱作窮光蛋而憤憤不平。我們的確是窮光蛋,而且還會繼續(xù)是窮光蛋。
表現(xiàn)點三：制造懸念，渲染氣氛
一般這個表現(xiàn)點在新聞或者文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的時候用到的最多，是為了內(nèi)容的需要，或者為了強調(diào)，作者常常運用倒裝句來制造懸念，渲染氣氛，但是如果想讓你的文章豐富多彩，那么使用倒裝也不是不可行的。
例如：Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. 墻上掛著一幅精美的圖畫。
表現(xiàn)點四：平衡結(jié)構(gòu)
學(xué)習(xí)英語的人都知道，在英語的修辭中有一個很重要的原則，就是尾重原則，即把句子最復(fù)雜的成分放在句尾有來保持句子的平衡。而在語言使用中為了避免頭重腳輕，結(jié)構(gòu)不平衡的句子，通常也會使用倒裝句來達到這種效果。
1. 以作狀語的介詞短語開頭:當(dāng)主語較長或主語所帶修飾語較長時,為了使句子平衡,常將狀語置于句首,句子用完全倒裝語序。
例：On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities.
Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be shipped to some other cities.
地上放著一些空調(diào),等著用船運到其他城市去。
從例句中可看出, 采用倒裝語序的A句結(jié)構(gòu)平衡穩(wěn)妥 ,讀起來自然流暢,而采用自然語序的B句結(jié)構(gòu)零亂, 讀起來也別扭。因而,在主語較長時就應(yīng)采用倒裝語序以取得理想的表達效果。
2. 以表語開頭的句子:有時為了把較長的主語放在后面,須將表語和謂語都提到主語前。
eg.Such would be our home in the future. 我們將來的家就是這個樣子。
3. 以副詞here , there開頭的句子,也采用完全倒裝來保持句子平衡。
例：Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的信在這兒。
表現(xiàn)點五：使文章描寫生動
有時為了使敘述或描繪更加生動形象,增加語言效果,可將表示方向的副詞(如:down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或擬聲詞(bang, crack等)置于句首,句子采用全部倒裝的語序(主語為人稱代詞的句子除外)。
例：Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 當(dāng)警察把手槍瞄準(zhǔn)那個罪犯時,嘭地一下他就從三樓跳了下去。
上例句子簡潔明了，生動逼真地描述了有關(guān)動作，令我們一覽倒裝句的風(fēng)采。這種倒裝句的修辭功能在語段中可以體現(xiàn)的更為清晰。
托福寫作解析：reduce living expense
如果給朋友推薦reduce living expense的方式：
1. 找一個室友合租
2. 不買最新款的手機，buy less frequently
3. Buy cheap foods and cook home(不要經(jīng)常在外面吃)
Which way you will recommend to your friend and why?
思路：題目問推薦reduce living expense的方式，選找舍友合租。
三個分論點：
(1)找舍友合租省下的房租費遠多于后兩種;
(2)找舍友合租還可以在其他方面省錢，比如交通拼車啥的;
(3)讓步，找舍友合租固然會有一些不便，但并不嚴(yán)重。
2017年12月17日托福獨立寫作真題范文
托福寫作范文參考：
(開頭段：背景引入+他人觀點+自己觀點+過渡句)
Due to high level of consumptions, young people can usually find themselves stuck in financial deficit. In this case, how to cut down living expenses obviously become an important problem. Some say they may change their mobile phone in a much lower frequency while others propose that they are more willing to cook by themselves in order to save money. However, I consider renting an apartment with a roommate can be the best solution. My view point is based on the following reasons and examples.
(分論點1：分論點+展開句+論證)
To begin with, living with a roommate can help us save much more money than cutting down costs in buying new electric devices or cooking at home. The expense of house renting is higher than the money spending on eating stuff or purchasing mobile phone. Take the young working in Shanghai as an example. Renting fees in Shanghai can reach 5,000 RMB to 7000 RMB in average if young people want to live in some convenient districts rather than in some remote areas. If they find a roommate and get the rent shared, he or she can save at least 2,500 RMB per month. When it comes to saving money by stop buying new mobile phone or quitting eating outside, one may only save several hundred RMB one month. So it will be much more effective if one find a roommate to reduce his or her costs on renting than on cellphone or food.
(分論點2：分論點+展開句+論證)
In addition, living with another individual can not only lesson one’s financial pressure in renting fees, but also save money in other aspects. Roommates can share furniture or tools together. For example, when I was just graduate from university, I choose to rent with another girl. When we both moved into our new apartment from our dormitory, the first thing we need to deal with was to buy some necessary items such as cooking pot and sofa, for the house we rent was almost empty—there were only two beds in it. I felt very lucky that I decided to live with another girl rather than living by myself, because I had not to pay all the expenses of buying these equipment myself. Sharing those expenditure with my roommate effectively lessened my financial burden.
(讓步段：承認(rèn)漏洞，削弱其影響)
Admittedly, living with another person can lead to some problems. Sometimes, we may encounter with roommates who are quite annoying, like he or she may have several friends singing and dancing in her room till midnight, which will disturb us a lot. Different life style can result in a bad relationship between us and our roommates. Nevertheless, this kind of terrible situation can be prevented by carefully collecting information of our roommates before we make the decision of renting a house with him or her. If we deliberately choose the individual who own a similar living habit as ours, most of the unsat isfactory cases can be avoided ahead of time.
(結(jié)尾段：重述總論點+重述分論點)
To sum up, compared with keeping using old cellphone and cooking by ourselves, living with a roommate is the best solution when young people want to cut down their expenses. Having another people living with us can share renting fees as well as other various kinds of costs. Although it may lead to some inconvenience, we can effectively eliminate these drawbacks by observing and communicating with our potential roommates before we finally pick up the one we are most likely to get along well with.
托福寫作詞匯運用技巧解讀相關(guān)文章：
★ 英語寫作