雅思寫作大作文范文：如何維護(hù)博物館
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雅思寫作大作文范文：如何維護(hù)博物館
雅思大作文文章結(jié)構(gòu)
P1：背景介紹+問題引入;
P2：來自政府的資金是最為穩(wěn)定的;
P3：但是規(guī)模比較小的博物館的資金主要來自于客戶或團(tuán)體;
P4：總結(jié)資金的最佳來源。
雅思大作文范文
These days, museum is at the heart of communities, preserving essential local and national stories, which rewards visitors with fresh ideas. However, over the past years, one museum after another across the country has cut back on their business hours, staff and their salaries since it is increasingly expensive to fund them and maintain them accessible to the general public. Therefore, whether the funding comes from the government or other sources is controversial.
如今，博物館是社區(qū)的中心，保存著重要的地方和國家故事，給參觀者帶來新鮮的想法。然而，在過去的幾年里，全國各地的一個(gè)又一個(gè)博物館都在削減他們的營業(yè)時(shí)間、工作人員和工資，因?yàn)橘Y助這些博物館并讓公眾能夠接觸到這些博物館的成本越來越高。因此，資金是來自政府還是其他來源是有爭議的。
First and foremost, the financial help contributed by government is well-managed and it is stable. Since the government pay money for some professional workers on running museums, the management of the fund is naturally well-organized. Also, because the tax is a abundant resource of income, the help for museums will not stop easily. A successful case in point is Los Angeles County Museum of Art in the United States. In the past decade, it drew significant authorities to invest approximately 1 million dollars per year, which makes it the most popular museum in California. If the government fails to spend enough money on the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the popularity of it may decline.
首先，政府提供的財(cái)政援助管理良好，而且是穩(wěn)定的。由于政府為一些經(jīng)營博物館的專業(yè)人員提供資金，因此基金的管理自然組織良好。此外，由于稅收是一種豐富的收入來源，對(duì)博物館的幫助不會(huì)輕易停止。美國洛杉磯郡藝術(shù)館就是一個(gè)成功的例子。在過去的十年里，它吸引了重要的權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)每年投資大約100萬美元，這使得它成為加利福尼亞最受歡迎的博物館。如果政府沒有在洛杉磯郡美術(shù)館(Los Angeles County Museum of Art)投入足夠的資金，它的受歡迎程度可能會(huì)下降。
Admittedly, some largest and most prestigious art museums are likely to draw support from the authorities or large cooperations by producing more blockbuster exhibitions. However, fiscal pressures on those especially smaller and mid-sized institutions is increasingly competitive and important. In response to the problem, a variety of means to raise revenues at museums are through attracting their potential customers by holding exhibitions and cultural activities. Besides, board members from large cooperations are typically prominent individuals of communities and have access to other prominent community members who tend to be significant donors.
誠然，一些規(guī)模最大、最負(fù)盛名的藝術(shù)博物館可能會(huì)通過舉辦更多轟動(dòng)一時(shí)的展覽來獲得政府或大型合作機(jī)構(gòu)的支持。然而，對(duì)那些規(guī)模特別小、規(guī)模特別大的金融機(jī)構(gòu)來說，財(cái)政壓力越來越具有競爭力，也越來越重要。為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一問題，博物館通過舉辦展覽和文化活動(dòng)來吸引潛在顧客，從而增加收入。此外，來自大型合作組織的董事會(huì)成員通常都是社區(qū)的杰出個(gè)人，并且有機(jī)會(huì)接觸到其他往往是重要捐助者的知名社區(qū)成員。
In short, museums are spending more on fundraising efforts than in previous years. The availability of funds from official bodies are therefore more likely to be stable, however, smaller museums might turn to their communities or potential customers.
簡而言之，博物館在籌款方面的投入比前幾年更多。因此，從官方機(jī)構(gòu)獲得的資金更有可能是穩(wěn)定的，然而，較小的博物館可能會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向它們的社區(qū)或潛在客戶。
雅思寫作大作文范文：如何維護(hù)博物館
How museums are supported financially has been a major concern to many. This essay will examine and find the possible best way to fund them.
如何資助博物館一直是許多人關(guān)心的問題。本文將研究并找出資助他們的最佳方法。
Museums are institutions that collect and safeguard historical or artistic objects and works and make artifacts and specimens accessible, and their high importance is also placed on the role of providing an ideal learning environment, enabling children and adults to enter worlds that they may otherwise never get to know. Therefore, government funding for museums is necessary and it exhibits public value.
博物館是收集和保護(hù)歷史或藝術(shù)物品和作品，并使文物和標(biāo)本易于獲得的機(jī)構(gòu)，它們的高度重要性還在于提供一個(gè)理想的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，使兒童和成年人能夠進(jìn)入他們可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)了解的世界。因此，政府資助博物館是必要的，它展示了公共價(jià)值。
On a more materialistic level, museums contribute significantly to the country's revenue, as they are important tourism resources. Many famous national or public museums bring in visitors worldwide, which generals flourishing profits for the hotel, food and retail industries. In this case, I think museums should be subsidized by the government at all levels——federal, state and local.
從更唯物的角度來看，博物館對(duì)國家的收入貢獻(xiàn)很大，因?yàn)樗鼈兪侵匾穆糜钨Y源。許多著名的國家博物館或公共博物館吸引了世界各地的游客，這些博物館為酒店、食品和零售行業(yè)帶來了豐厚的利潤。在這種情況下，我認(rèn)為博物館應(yīng)該得到聯(lián)邦、州和地方各級(jí)政府的補(bǔ)貼。
A large shape of museums operating revenue usually comes from donors in the private sector. This is defined as individuals and corporate sponsors etc. Donors play an important role in the functioning of a museum, providing funds for new programs and spaces, as well as donating works to the collection. Museums in turn tailor themselves to the needs and validation of their donors by endowing spaces and titles, hosting special events, and affording certain privileges to donors, such as the right to rent a museum for one’s private or corporate events.
博物館運(yùn)營收入的很大一部分通常來自私人部門的捐贈(zèng)者。捐贈(zèng)者在博物館的運(yùn)作中扮演著重要的角色，他們?yōu)樾碌捻?xiàng)目和空間提供資金，并向藏品捐贈(zèng)作品。博物館通過賦予空間和頭銜，舉辦特別活動(dòng)，并向捐贈(zèng)者提供某些特權(quán)，如為私人或公司活動(dòng)租用博物館的權(quán)利，進(jìn)而根據(jù)捐贈(zèng)者的需求和認(rèn)可進(jìn)行定制。
Overall, in today's economic environment, museums must be fiscally prudent and be wise in choosing and combing financial supports from different resources.
總的來說，在當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下，博物館必須在財(cái)政上謹(jǐn)慎，明智地選擇和梳理來自不同資源的財(cái)政支持。
雅思寫作大作文范文：如何維護(hù)博物館
雅思大作文解析&審題
本題是一個(gè)關(guān)于博物館新題。在以往的雅思作文中，關(guān)于博物館的話題多集中在：(1)怎樣鼓勵(lì)本地人去博物館?(2)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代下博物館是否還有必要;(3)博物館是否應(yīng)該收門票?本次的問題則轉(zhuǎn)換了角度：博物館應(yīng)該從哪里獲得資助，政府還是個(gè)人?
本次考試的提問方式可能也讓很多同學(xué)懵圈。按照以往雅思作文的提問方式，本作文可以這樣問：有人認(rèn)為資助博物館的最好方式是政府投資，其他人則認(rèn)為個(gè)人捐款才是最好的方式，請(qǐng)給出你的觀點(diǎn)。如果這樣提問，很多同學(xué)可能就不會(huì)那么困惑了。其實(shí)，不管題目怎樣問，我們的同學(xué)在審題的時(shí)候，都要先努力搞清楚題目到底要求我們討論什么。比如，本題要求“在所有可能的方式中，找到最好的資助方式—政府、企業(yè)還是個(gè)人”，那其實(shí)很顯然，題目要求你去比較這三種方式，然后提出最好的辦法。
在本范文中，唐老師認(rèn)為政府投資永遠(yuǎn)是博物館獲得資助的最佳方式;企業(yè)和個(gè)人捐款雖然可以解決政府投資不足的難題，但往往有個(gè)人的需要從而損害博物館的公眾形象。朝著思路寫，本題迎刃而解。各位烤鴨，你是這樣寫的嗎?
雅思大作文范文
Many museums have been faced with financial problems over the past years of recession and lagging economic recovery. As it is increasingly expensive to maintain museums, sufficient money must be raised from both government sources and private (either businesses or individuals) donations, in order to keep them open to public.
在過去幾年的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和緩慢的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇中，許多博物館都面臨著財(cái)政問題。由于維持博物館的費(fèi)用越來越高，為使其向公眾開放，必須要籌集足夠的資金，不管是來自政府來源還是私人(企業(yè)或個(gè)人)捐款。
解析
(1) 第一段提出話題：博物館需要從政府或者個(gè)人獲得資金來維持運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。
(2) be faced with... 面臨......
(3) recession 倒退
(4) lagging 落后的;緩慢的
(5) maintain 維持;維修
Investment from governments must form a bigger proportion of the income of many museums at different levels. As a major way to fund museums, the public sector should always do more, and there may be no substitutes for the government support for museums, especially in the long-lasting financial crisis when that government support is more urgently needed. Although, in the face of such adversity, museums have shown great resilience and creativity in generating new sources of revenue, those troubled institutions can only be sustained with stronger government backing. Considering that museums preserve a country’s collective memory for future generations, the importance of public funding in museums could never be overestimated.
來自政府的投資必須在各級(jí)博物館的收入中占更大的比例。作為資助博物館的一種主要方式，公共部門應(yīng)該總是做得更多，政府對(duì)博物館的支持也許是無可替代的，尤其是在長期的金融危機(jī)中，更迫切需要政府的財(cái)政支持。盡管面對(duì)這樣的困境，博物館在獲得新的收入來源方面表現(xiàn)出極大的彈性和創(chuàng)造力，但對(duì)于那些陷入困境的機(jī)構(gòu)只有在政府的支持下才能維持下去?？紤]到博物館為子孫后代保存一個(gè)國家的集體記憶，博物館公共資金的重要性再怎么估計(jì)也不為過。
解析
(1) 本段主要論述政府投資的重要性，以及原因。
(2) proportion 部分
(3) substitute 替代品
(4) urgently 急迫地
(5) adversity 不利的環(huán)境;對(duì)手
(6) resilience 彈性
(7) generate 產(chǎn)生
(8) sustain 持續(xù);維持
(9) overestimate 過高估計(jì)
Private donations also occupy an important part in keeping a museum, especially when government funding is limited. This way of funding can be done by providing money for new programs and spaces, as well as giving works of art as gifts to the museum’s collections. The museums may in turn tailor themselves to the needs of the donors by affording certain privileges to them, including the right to use the museum’s space to hold some special events such as promotion campaigns. This has given rise to complaints and worries in the general public that receiving individual donations may leave the museums ruined.
私人捐款在博物館的保存中也占有重要的地位，特別是在政府資金有限的情況下。這種資助方式可以通過為新的項(xiàng)目和空間提供資金，或把藝術(shù)品贈(zèng)送給博物館收藏來實(shí)現(xiàn)。反過來，博物館也可以根據(jù)捐款者的需要進(jìn)行調(diào)整，給予他們一定的特權(quán)，包括使用博物館舉辦一些特別活動(dòng)，如宣傳活動(dòng)。這已引起普通市民的投訴和憂慮，擔(dān)心接受個(gè)人捐贈(zèng)可能毀掉博物館。
解析
(1) 本段主要論述私人捐款的作用及其問題：好處是補(bǔ)充政府投資，壞處是可能損壞博物館。
(2) occupy 占據(jù)
(3) in turn 反過來
(4) tailor oneself to the needs of... 調(diào)整自己以適應(yīng)......的需求
(5) afford 給與
(6) give rise to... 引起
In my view, among all the funding possibilities, government funding should always remain the best way of operating a museum, because it can ensure the maximum independence of the museum as an institution to educate the public. Donations from the private sector are necessary only when the museum cannot obtain sufficient support from the government and are acceptable only on the condition that they do not interfere with the public roles of the museum.
在我看來，在所有的資助可能性中，政府的資助應(yīng)該始終是博物館運(yùn)作的最佳方式，因?yàn)樗梢宰畲笙薅鹊卮_保博物館作為一個(gè)教育公眾機(jī)構(gòu)的獨(dú)立性。只有當(dāng)博物館不能獲得足夠的政府支持時(shí)，私人領(lǐng)域的捐贈(zèng)才是必要的，而且只有在不妨礙博物館的公眾功能的條件下才能接受。
解析
(1) 本段給出自己的觀點(diǎn)：政府資助是最佳辦法，同時(shí)提出接受私人捐贈(zèng)的兩個(gè)前提：政府資助不夠，私人不妨礙博物館的正常功能。
(2) operate 運(yùn)作;操作
(3) ensure 確保
(4) maximum 最大的
(5) sufficient 足夠的
(6) on the condition that... 以......為條件
(7) interfere with 干涉;妨礙
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