gre閱讀考試都有哪些出題點(diǎn)
新gre閱讀考試都有哪些出題點(diǎn)呢?你有了解嗎?下面小編就和大家分享gre閱讀考試都有哪些出題點(diǎn)，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。
gre閱讀考試都有哪些出題點(diǎn)
新gre閱讀出題點(diǎn)(1):時(shí)間和數(shù)字(number)
一般來說，出現(xiàn)時(shí)間概念的文章(essay)或段落通常和時(shí)間順序(order)有關(guān)，作者會(huì)用不同的時(shí)間點(diǎn)串出一條時(shí)間線索(clue)。而個(gè)別數(shù)字的出現(xiàn)則意味著這個(gè)數(shù)字所闡述概念的重要性是不容忽視的(ignored)，因此，除非文章中出現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)堆積的現(xiàn)象(phenomenon)，考生都需要把數(shù)字記錄(record)下來。在記錄時(shí)間和數(shù)字時(shí)需要注意兩個(gè)問題(question)，一是在記錄時(shí)間的同時(shí)要同步記錄下該時(shí)間點(diǎn)所發(fā)生事件的關(guān)鍵詞，二是無論文章中的時(shí)間和數(shù)字是什么形式(form)，考生在記錄的時(shí)候都一律記錄成阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，以便于之后做題時(shí)的查詢。
新gre閱讀出題點(diǎn)(2):主題段和主題句的關(guān)鍵詞(key words)
gre文章中的主題段和主題句都是參與搭建文章結(jié)構(gòu)的，因此記錄它們中的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞對于把握全文的結(jié)構(gòu)非常重要。同時(shí)，文章中有很多的重要信息(information)也會(huì)包含在這部分內(nèi)容中。
gre閱讀出題點(diǎn)(3):人名、地名和專有名詞(proper noun)
這些概念在文章中出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，一般都會(huì)出現(xiàn)大寫字母或引號(hào)等標(biāo)記(sign)，非常有利于信息索引和定位。此外，當(dāng)提到這幾個(gè)具體的概念時(shí)(concept)，文章通常是在用這些概念說明某個(gè)理論或者觀點(diǎn)(opinion)，因此記錄下這些概念對于理解相關(guān)理論和觀點(diǎn)可以起到一定的輔助作用。
新gre閱讀出題點(diǎn)(4):舉例主體。有的時(shí)候，為了說明某些理論和觀點(diǎn)，文章中會(huì)出現(xiàn)大段的舉例文字
實(shí)際上(in fact)，gre考試中考查這些例子具體內(nèi)容(specific content)的時(shí)候非常少，而更多的是考查作者使用這些例子的原因(reason)或它們所證明的觀點(diǎn)。因此，考生在快速筆記中只需要記錄下例子是什么就可以了，至于例子中所闡述的具體信息，可以適當(dāng)忽略(omit)。
新gre閱讀出題點(diǎn)(5):新概念和局部核心概念
所謂“新概念”是指當(dāng)考生讀到文章某個(gè)位置時(shí)，之前沒有出現(xiàn)過的概念。這種新概念的出現(xiàn)(appearance)，意味著已有的概念已經(jīng)不能說明這里要闡述的問題，所以，新概念的出現(xiàn)必然也意味著一個(gè)重要信息的出現(xiàn)。而“局部核心概念”是指在連續(xù)的幾個(gè)段落中集中闡述的主題概念，對于這種概念來說，無論是作為觀點(diǎn)還是舉例大家都應(yīng)該注意(pay attention to)，因?yàn)樗@然是作為重點(diǎn)在文章中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的(emphasized)。
新gre閱讀出題點(diǎn)(6):重要的邏輯關(guān)系(relation)
很多考生在閱讀文章的時(shí)候只注意到了文章所闡述的重要內(nèi)容，但是忽略了信息之間的邏輯關(guān)系，因而對信息關(guān)聯(lián)理解不準(zhǔn)確(incorrect)，這也是一種嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤(mistake)。因此，在閱讀過程中記錄下信息之間所產(chǎn)生的邏輯關(guān)系可以避免(avoid)考生丟失信息之間的關(guān)聯(lián)信息。
GRE閱讀材料中哪些應(yīng)該詳讀
我們知道做GRE閱讀題時(shí)不能細(xì)致地看完閱讀文章的全部內(nèi)容，因?yàn)殚喿x量大，時(shí)間很緊張，但是又不能馬馬虎虎將文章看完，這就決定了我們在做題的時(shí)候需要詳略得當(dāng)?shù)刈x文章。哪些內(nèi)容需要詳讀，哪些內(nèi)容又需要略讀，這是根據(jù)考題或者考點(diǎn)所出現(xiàn)的頻率來決定的。換句話說，如果某一塊的內(nèi)容經(jīng)常是考查的對象，我們就需要詳讀;而不經(jīng)常出考題的地方，我們就需要略讀。今天，新東方小編就重點(diǎn)講解一下GRE閱讀文章中應(yīng)該詳讀的內(nèi)容，也就是經(jīng)常出考題的地方。
首先就是注意文章的主旨和結(jié)構(gòu)體系，這是我們做任何GRE閱讀題的基礎(chǔ)，也是最需要把握的地方。GRE閱讀文章中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)三種典型的結(jié)構(gòu)體系，即全文論證一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)型、新舊觀點(diǎn)對比型、問題解釋型。全文論證一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)型的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)是，文章的Topic Sentence經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在第一段中，有可能是第一句話也有可能是最后一句話，這需要借助邏輯連接詞去判斷，除去第一段剩下的每一段的第一句話都是對這一段的一個(gè)概括總結(jié)。新舊觀點(diǎn)對比型的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)是首先會(huì)提出一個(gè)舊觀點(diǎn)，然后對舊觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行描述，指出舊觀點(diǎn)的缺陷和不足之處，接下來就會(huì)提出新觀點(diǎn)，新觀點(diǎn)也有可能存在缺陷。Topic Sentence是對新觀點(diǎn)概述的一句話。問題解釋型的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)是會(huì)在文章的開頭提出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象或者是有待解決的問題，然后會(huì)對問題或者現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行一些解釋，最后是對解釋的一些評價(jià)。
針對文章的主旨和結(jié)構(gòu)體系經(jīng)常出的考題有考查文章大意內(nèi)容，作者組織文章的方式，文章結(jié)構(gòu)類型，段落間的關(guān)系，以及文章續(xù)寫的內(nèi)容等。答題的關(guān)鍵就是把握住文章的主旨句。
接下來就是注意表示作者態(tài)度的句子，作者通常用副詞狀語或者形容詞定語來表達(dá)態(tài)度。態(tài)度題有五種類型，正態(tài)度，負(fù)態(tài)度，客觀態(tài)度，無明確態(tài)度和復(fù)雜態(tài)度(即有讓步成分的態(tài)度)。但是在看表示態(tài)度的句子時(shí)，一定要注意是“誰”對“誰”的態(tài)度。
還有需要注意的就是事物之間的關(guān)系，主要出題的有三種關(guān)系：相似，不同和比較。表示事物之間相似的標(biāo)志詞有：like, be equal to/with, be alike, be similar to, equivalence等。如果問題問的是A事物，我們可以通過B事物的特征來回答問題。表示事物之間不同的標(biāo)志詞有：unlike，differ from， contradict，while，far from等。出現(xiàn)事物不同的關(guān)系時(shí)，原文通常敘述的是A，而問題問的是B，這時(shí)對A的敘述取反就可以得出答案了。表示事物之間比較的標(biāo)志詞有：最高級(jí)和比較級(jí)，以及分?jǐn)?shù)倍數(shù)的表達(dá)。
最后需要重點(diǎn)注意的是表示事物缺陷的部分，其特征詞是defect， imprecise，deficiency，inappropriate，drawback，falsity，unfortunately等。這些特征詞都是與負(fù)態(tài)度相聯(lián)系的。對事物缺陷的提問方式會(huì)有兩種：What the limitation of…? Which of the following can remedy the shortcomings…in the passage? 遇到這種問題要考慮負(fù)態(tài)度和事物的缺陷。
GRE閱讀理解邏輯練習(xí)題
對于沒有對新GRE閱讀準(zhǔn)備充分的考生，建議第一遍時(shí)一定卡時(shí)間練習(xí)。以下是新東方小編整理的新GRE閱讀邏輯題練習(xí)10套，所有10個(gè)練習(xí)共計(jì)132道邏輯單題，數(shù)量已經(jīng)足夠;反復(fù)訓(xùn)練這些題目，希望能夠幫助大家攻克新GRE閱讀題。
1. Patel: Although enrollment in the region's high school has been decreasing for several years, enrollment at the elementary school has grown considerably. Therefore, the regional school board proposes building a new elementary school.
Quintero: Another solution would be to convert some high school classrooms temporarily into classrooms for elementary school students. Which of the following, if true, most helps to support
Quintero's alternative proposal?
(A) Some rooms at the high school cannot be con-verted into rooms suitable for the use of ele-mentary school students.
(B) The cost of building a high school is higher than the cost of building an elementary school.
(C) Although the birth rate has not increased, the number of families sending their children to the region's high school has increased markedly.
(D) A high school atmosphere could jeopardize the safety and self-confidence of elementary school students.
(E) Even before the region's high school population began to decrease, several high school class-rooms rarely needed to be used.
2. Peter: More than ever before in Risland, college graduates with science degrees are accepting permanent jobs in other fields. That just goes to show that scientists in Risland are not being paid enough.
Lila: No, it does not. These graduates are not working in science for the simple reason that there are not enough jobs in science in Risland to employ all of these graduates.
Which of the following, if true in Risland, would most undermine the reasoning in Peter's argument?
(A) The college graduates with science degrees who are not working in science are currently earning lower salaries than they would earn as scientists.
(B) Fewer college students than ever before are receiving degrees in science.
(C) The number of jobs in science has steadily risen in the last decade.
(D) A significant number of college graduates with science degrees worked at low-paying jobs while they were in college.
(E) Every year some recent college graduates with science degrees accept permanent jobs in nonscientific fields.
3.Counselor: Every year a popular newsmagazine pub-lishes a list of United States colleges, ranking them according to an overall numerical score that is a composite of ratings according to sev-eral criteria. However, the overall scores gen-erally should not be used by students as the basis for deciding to which colleges to apply.Which of the following, if true, most helps to justify the counselor's recommendation?
(A) The vast majority of people who purchase the magazine in which the list appears are not college-bound students.
(B) Colleges that are ranked highest in the magazine's list use this fact in advertisements aimed at attracting students.
(C) The rankings seldom change from one year to the next.
(D) The significance that particular criteria have for any two students is likely to differ according to the students' differing needs.
(E) Some college students who are pleased with their schools considered the magazine's rankings before deciding which college to attend.
4. A thorough search of Edgar Allan Poe's correspon-dence has turned up not a single letter in which he mentions his reputed morphine addiction. On the basis of this evidence it is safe to say that Poe's reputation for having been a morphine addict is undeserved and that reports of his supposed addiction are untrue. Which of the following is assumed by the argumentabove?
(A) Reports claiming that Poe was addicted to mor-phine did not begin to circulate until after his death.
(B) None of the reports of Poe's supposed morphine addiction can be traced to individuals who actu-ally knew Poe.
(C) Poe's income from writing would not have been sufficient to support a morphine addiction.
(D) Poe would have been unable to carry on an extensive correspondence while under the influence of morphine.
(E) Fear of the consequences would not have pre-vented Poe from indicating in his correspon-dence that he was addicted to morphine.
5. Adelle: The government's program to reduce the unemployment rate in the province of Carthena by encouraging job creation has failed, since the rate there has not changed appreciably since the program began a year ago.
Fran: But the unemployment rate in Carthena had been rising for three years before the program began, so the program is helping.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly counters Fran's objection to Adelle's argument?
(A) The government is advised by expert economists, some of whom specialize in employment issues.
(B) The unemployment rate in the province of Carthena has historically been higher than that of the country as a whole.
(C) The current government was elected by a wide margin, because of its promises to reduce the unemployment rate in Carthena.
(D) Around the time the government program began, large numbers of unemployed Carthena residents began leaving the province to look for work elsewhere.
(E) The unemployment rate in Carthena had been relatively stable until shortly before the current government took office.
6. Soft Drink Manufacturer：Our new children's soft drink, RipeCal, is fortified with calcium. Since calcium is essential for developing healthy bones, drinking RipeCal regularly will help make children healthy. Consumer Advocate：But RipeCal also contains large amounts of sugar, and regularly consuming large amounts of sugar is unhealthful, especially for children. In responding to the soft drink manufacturer, the consumer advocate does which of the following?
(A)Challenges the manufacturer's claim about the nutritional value of calcium in children's diets
(B)Argues that the evidence cited by the manufac-turer, when properly considered, leads to a conclusion opposite to that reached by themanufacturer.
(C)Implies that the manufacturer of a product is typically unconcerned with the nutritional value of that product.
(D)Questions whether a substance that is healthful when eaten in moderation can be unhealthful when eaten in excessive amounts.
(E)Presents additional facts that call into question the conclusion drawn by the manufacturer.
7.Over a period of several months, researchers attached small lights to the backs of wetas—flightless insects native to New Zealand—enabling researchers for the first time to make comprehensive observations of the insects' nighttime activities.Thus, since wetas forage only at night, the researchers' observations will significantly improve knowledge of the normal foraging habits of wetas.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) Researchers were interested only in observing the wetas' foraging habits and so did not keep track of other types of behavior.
(B) No pattern of behavior that is exhibited by wetas during the nighttime is also exhibited by wetas during the daytime.
(C)Attaching the small lights to the wetas' backs did not greatly alter the wetas' normal nighttime foraging habits.
(D)Wetas typically forage more frequently during the months in which the researchers studied them than they do at other times.
(E)The researchers did not use other observational techniques to supplement their method of using small lights to track the nighttime behavior of wetas.
8.People whose bodies cannot produce the substance cytochrome P450 are three times as likely to develop Parkinson's disease, a disease that affects the brain, as are people whose bodies do produce this substance. Since cytochrome P450 protects the brain from toxic chemicals, toxic chemicals probably play a role in the development of Parkinson's disease. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument?
(A)It will soon be possible for cytochrome P450 to be synthesized for the treatment of people whose bodies cannot produce this substance.
(B)Many people whose bodies are unable to produce cytochrome P450 lack the ability to produce certain other substances as well.
(C)Cytochrome P450 has no effect on the brain other than to protect it from toxic chemicals.
(D)People with Parkinson's disease often exhibit a marked lessening in the severity of their symp- toms when they are treated with dopamine, a chemical produced naturally in the brain.
(E)Many people with Parkinson's disease have the ability to produce cytochrome P450 naturally.
9.The early universe contained only the lightest elements, hydrogen and helium. Heavier elements, such as carbon, form only in nuclear reactions in stars and are dispersed when the stars explode. A recently discovered gas cloud contained carbon several billion years ago, when the universe wasno more than two billion years old.If the statements above are true, which of thefollowing must, on the basis of them, also be true?
(A)The earliest stars contained only hydrogen.
(B)Some stars were formed before the universe was two billion years old.
(C)The carbon in the gas cloud later formed part of some stars.
(D)No stars identified to date are as old as the gas cloud.
(E)The gas cloud also contained hydrogen andhelium.
10.Sleep deprivation is a known cause of workplace error, and many physicians frequently go without sleep for periods of 24 hours or more. However, few of these physicians have, in the course of a routine examination by a peer, been diagnosed with sleep deprivation.So there is little cause for concern that habitual sleep deprivation will cause widespread physician error. The answer to which of the following questions would be most helpful in evaluating the argument?
(A)Do physicians who have been diagnosed with sleep disorders also show signs of other ills not related to sleep deprivation?
(B)Is the ability to recognize the symptoms of sleep deprivation in others significantly impaired by habitual sleep deprivation?
(C)Do factors other than habitual sleep deprivation ever lead to errors in the workplace on the part of physicians?
(D)Of people who have recently been treated by physicians, what percentage believe that many physicians have occasionally suffered from sleep deprivation?
(E)Is the incidence of sleep deprivation higher among physicians than it is among other health care workers?
11.A list of the fifteen operas most frequently performed in recent times includes no works by the nineteenth- century German composer Richard Wagner. Although music producers tend to produce what audiences want, relative infrequency of performance probably does not indicate lack of popularity in Wagner's case, since Wagner's operas are notoriously expensive to perform on stage. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the conclusion of the argument above?
(A)The list of most frequently performed operas does not include operas produced by small amateur groups.
(B)Some opera companies are backed by patrons who are willing to commit large sums of money in order to enjoy lavish productions.
(C)All of the fifteen most frequently performed operas of recent times are works that have been popular for at least 75 years.
(D)More recordings have been produced recently of the works of Wagner than of the works of any other composer of opera.
(E)Operatic works of all kinds have been increasing in popularity in recent years.
12.The bodies of dwarf individuals of mammalian species are generally smaller in relation to those of nondwarf individuals than are the teeth of the dwarf individuals in relation to those of the nondwarf indi- viduals. Fragmentary skeletal remains of an adult dwarf woolly mammoth were recently found. The teeth are three-fourths the size of the teeth of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth. The statements above, if true, most strongly support which of the following?
(A)The body of the dwarf woolly mammoth was less than three-fourths the size of the body of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth.
(B)None of the teeth of the dwarf woolly mammoth that were recently discovered was as large as any of the teeth of nondwarf woolly mammoths that have been discovered.
(C)The teeth of most adult dwarf individuals of mammalian species are three- fourths the size of the teeth of the adult nondwarf individuals of the same species.
(D)Dwarf woolly mammoths had the same number of teeth as did nondwarf woolly mammoths.
(E)Dwarf individuals of most mammalian species are generally no more than three-fourths the size of the adult nondwarf individuals of those species.
13.Excluding purchases by businesses, the average amount spent on a factory-new car has risen 30 per- cent in the last five years. In the average household budget, the proportion spent on car purchases has remained unchanged in that period. Therefore the average household budget must have increased by 30 percent over the last five years.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
(A)The average number of factory-new cars pur-chased per household has remained unchanged over the last five years.
(B)The average amount spent per car by businesses buying factory-new cars has risen 30 percent in the last five years.
(C)The proportion of the average household budgetspent on all car-related expenses has remained unchanged over the last five years.
(D)The proportion of the average household budget spent on food and housing has remained unchanged over the last five years.
(E)The total amount spent nationwide on factory- new cars has increased by 30 percent over the last five years.
對于新GRE閱讀題，考生們一定要積極調(diào)整心態(tài)認(rèn)真?zhèn)淇迹祟}海戰(zhàn)術(shù)，還要總結(jié)新gre閱讀題中的思路，找到解題的邏輯思路才是王道。
gre閱讀考試都有哪些出題點(diǎn)相關(guān)文章：
