托福閱讀提升攻略之把握詞匯語(yǔ)法和邏輯才能吃透文章
托福閱讀提升攻略,把握詞匯語(yǔ)法和邏輯才能吃透文章,今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)了托福閱讀提升攻略，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
托福閱讀提升攻略丨把握詞匯語(yǔ)法和邏輯才能吃透文章
托福閱讀吃透文章之 詞匯
托福閱讀主要是針對(duì)考生詞匯量有最大要求的地方，能夠說(shuō)詞匯掌握怎么直接關(guān)系到閱讀部分的成績(jī)好壞。此方面的證明大家已在原來(lái)的文章中有所研究和分析，在這里希望廣大考生一定要引起重視。針對(duì)詞匯怎么去記憶的問(wèn)題，已經(jīng)在原來(lái)的文章里牽涉到，同學(xué)們要找到適合自己的記憶方法，同時(shí)牢記詞匯記憶“八字真言”：反復(fù)多次，持之以恒。同時(shí)提醒廣大考生，背詞匯書的時(shí)候，不要只背單詞中文意思，詞匯書上的例句和詞組也要重點(diǎn)記憶。
托福閱讀吃透文章之 語(yǔ)法
托福階段的閱讀文章的難度現(xiàn)如今已超出了體制內(nèi)高中英語(yǔ)文章的難度，而在里面還有大量的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)難句。若想看明白這些長(zhǎng)難句，把詞匯要過(guò)關(guān)除外，另外有的重要的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)同樣是要掌握的。比如五種基本句型，三大類從句，三種較長(zhǎng)修飾成分等。只有具備這些知識(shí)，才能清晰地看清楚句子成分，明確其在句子中的作用，為理解長(zhǎng)難句掃清障礙。
托福閱讀吃透文章之 邏輯
在此的邏輯我把它定義成是3個(gè)層面，而各自是詞與詞之間，句與句之間，段與段之間的邏輯。那么什么是詞與詞之間的邏輯，它表示了在相同的一個(gè)段落里能夠看見(jiàn)詞與詞之間的語(yǔ)義重復(fù)。那么又什么是句與句之間的邏輯，它表示了在相同一段落中的句子是按照什么邏輯構(gòu)架組織起來(lái)的，常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系有因果、比較、并列、轉(zhuǎn)折等。所謂段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，要從整篇文章的角度上去考慮段落與段落之間存在什么關(guān)系，這些關(guān)系對(duì)于整篇文章的組織結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)揮什么作用。只有從以上三個(gè)層面上去考慮，才會(huì)對(duì)整篇文章的邏輯構(gòu)架有一個(gè)清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)。
所以我們想要提升托福閱讀必須要吃透文章，而想要吃透文章就必須要把握詞匯、語(yǔ)法和邏輯這三個(gè)要素。希望大家在備考托福閱讀的時(shí)候能注意提升這三方面的能力。
托福閱讀素材：卡梅倫連任英國(guó)首相演講稿
I've just been to see Her Majesty the Queen, and I will now form a majority Conservative government.
I've been proud to lead the first coalition government in 70 years, and I want to thank all those who worked so hard to make it a success; and in particular, on this day, Nick Clegg. Elections can be bruising clashes of ideas and arguments, and a lot of people who believe profoundly in public service have seen that service cut short. Ed Miliband rang me this morning to wish me luck with the new government; it was a typically generous gesture from someone who is clearly in public service for all the right reasons.
The government I led did important work: it laid the foundations for a better future, and now we must build on them. I truly believe we're on the brink of something special in our country; we can make Britain a place where a good life is in reach for everyone who is willing to work and do the right thing. Our manifesto is a manifesto for working people, and as a majority government we will be able to deliver all of it; indeed, it is the reason why I think majority government is more accountable.
Three million apprenticeships; more help with childcare; helping 30 million people cope with the cost of living by cutting their taxes; building homes that people are able to buy and own; creating millions more jobs that give people the chance of a better future. And yes, we will deliver that in/out referendum on our future in Europe.
As we conduct this vital work, we must ensure that we bring our country together. As I said in the small hours of this morning, we will govern as a party of one nation, one United Kingdom. That means ensuring this recovery reaches all parts of our country: from north to south, from east to west. And indeed, it means rebalancing our economy, building that "Northern Powerhouse". It means giving everyone in our country a chance, so no matter where you're from you have the opportunity to make the most of your life. It means giving the poorest people the chance of training, a job, and hope for the future. It means that for children who don't get the best start in life, there must be the nursery education and good schooling that can transform their life chances. And of course, it means bringing together the different nations of our United Kingdom.
I have always believed in governing with respect. That's why in the last Parliament, we devolved power to Scotland and Wales, and gave the people of Scotland a referendum on whether to stay inside the United Kingdom. In this Parliament I will stay true to my word and implement as fast as I can the devolution that all parties agreed for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
Governing with respect means recognising that the different nations of our United Kingdom have their own governments, as well as the United Kingdom government. Both are important, and indeed with our plans, the governments of these nations will become more powerful, with wider responsibilities. In Scotland, our plans are to create the strongest devolved government anywhere in the world with important powers over taxation. And no constitutional settlement will be complete, if it did not offer, also, fairness to England.
When I stood here 5 years ago, our country was in the grip of an economic crisis. Five years on, Britain is so much stronger, but the real opportunities lie ahead. Everything I've seen over the last 5 years, and indeed, during this election campaign, has proved once again that this is a country with unrivalled skills and creativeness; a country with such good humour, and such great compassion, and I'm convinced that if we draw on all of this, then we can take these islands, with our proud history, and build an even prouder future.
Together we can make Great Britain greater still. Thank you.
托福閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句型分析
福閱讀難句類型大概分三類，不同類型的解題方法不同。本文中新東方在網(wǎng)托福頻道為大家收集整理托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句類型分析一文，供大家參考。
把句子的主干先抓出來(lái)，然后結(jié)合這些修飾成分有層次的理解句子。而抓住句子的核心主干的竅門往往在于找出句子的真正謂語(yǔ)，因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)是支撐整個(gè)句子的支點(diǎn)。
1.In many instances, spectators in the era before recorded sound experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images, from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States.
托福閱讀難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾成分
本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)是spectators experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images，其實(shí)非常簡(jiǎn)單，就是說(shuō)觀眾們既看到影像也欣賞到了音效。但是從句子一開(kāi)頭的狀語(yǔ)In many instances開(kāi)始，作者用in the era before recorded sound 修飾主語(yǔ)spectators，割裂了謂語(yǔ) experienced和主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系，然后賓語(yǔ)是 elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images倒不難，但是隨后用一個(gè) from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States.來(lái)解釋這個(gè)主干成分的句子。就使句子變得很復(fù)雜了。
譯文：
很多時(shí)候，在有聲時(shí)代之前，觀眾們?cè)谟^看影像的同時(shí)也欣賞到了精心制作的音效，從日本多人對(duì)話式敘事到歐美交響樂(lè)團(tuán)的原聲樂(lè)，無(wú)不體現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)。
訓(xùn)練：
In many instances, spectators in the era before recorded sound experienced elaborate aural presentations alongside movies' visual images, from the Japanese benshi (narrators) crafting multivoiced dialogue narratives to original musical compositions performed by symphony-size orchestras in Europe and the United States.
2.Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.
托福閱讀難句類型：層層追加的復(fù)雜修飾+插入成分
本句也是ETS的老套路了，為了把句子變長(zhǎng)，就層層追加修飾成分，先又Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective所謂一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的分句，然后主句是a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty ，接著用that引導(dǎo) would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound的長(zhǎng)句嵌套插入成分，來(lái)修飾novelty,但是實(shí)際上這些都不是什么重要的成分，大家只要讀出來(lái)主句結(jié)構(gòu)和句子的核心意思就是以前有一種預(yù)言認(rèn)為有聲電影很快就會(huì)消失就行了。
譯文：
盡管后來(lái)人很難理解，但在20世紀(jì)20年代，一種批判性的意見(jiàn)預(yù)言：有聲電影是一種將很快淡出公眾視線的科技新事物，就像的許多先前把圖像和聲音結(jié)合起來(lái)的嘗試，這些嘗試可以追溯到第一次世界大戰(zhàn)。
訓(xùn)練：
Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.
3.Indeed, stability of the biological clock's period is one of its major features, even when the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors, such as temperature, that would be expected to affect biological activity strongly.
托福閱讀難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾+插入成分
本句的主句結(jié)構(gòu)其實(shí)特別簡(jiǎn)單就是 stability is one of its major features, even when 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors,然后用 such as引導(dǎo)了列舉temperature,之后再用 that引導(dǎo)從句來(lái)說(shuō)明temperature would be expected to affect biological activity strongly.
譯文：
事實(shí)上，即使有機(jī)體受到外界因素，如溫度，強(qiáng)烈改變的影響，有機(jī)體內(nèi)生物鐘的穩(wěn)定性是影響生物活動(dòng)的一個(gè)主要因素。
訓(xùn)練：
Indeed, stability of the biological clock's period is one of its major features, even when the organism's environment is subjected to considerable changes in factors, such as temperature, that would be expected to affect biological activity strongly.
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