托福閱先讀文章還是先看題
先讀文章還是先看題?備考托福閱讀不要被這樣的問題困擾。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈ｉ喯茸x文章還是先看題,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
先讀文章還是先看題?備考托福閱讀不要被這樣的問題困擾
托福閱讀先讀文章還是先看題
關(guān)于先看題目還是先看文章的問題。也就是做題時(shí)間安排的問題。在此問題上我與有的朋友也有過爭執(zhí)。我個人習(xí)慣是先用5—7分鐘的時(shí)間通讀全文，然后平均每個問題有1分鐘的時(shí)間來回答。由于對問題的回答建立在了熟悉全文的基礎(chǔ)上，每個問題又有足夠的時(shí)間返回全文，每個選項(xiàng)都一一進(jìn)行斟酌。
我認(rèn)為這樣準(zhǔn)確率比較高。但有的朋友本著居家過日子的心，認(rèn)為1000多字的文章只出十幾個題，必然有一些信息是沒用的。這樣通讀全文就會浪費(fèi)掉一些時(shí)間，不如先看題再回去找來的痛快。對此我不好妄加評論。每個人都應(yīng)該通過考前大量的練習(xí)來制定出最為適合自己的方法。
托福閱讀復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間如何安排
關(guān)于復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)間安排(arrangement)。我認(rèn)為，弄完詞匯以后，就應(yīng)該著手突擊一下閱讀了。如今各種各樣的模擬題猶如英語輔導(dǎo)班一樣大量涌現(xiàn)。不會出現(xiàn)我們早期考生有題舍不得做的情況了。但也不能太急功近利，單詞沒弄好就硬上閱讀，有時(shí)候會適得其反。用1周的時(shí)間大量的突擊，也是對單詞的一個鞏固。找到感覺以后就可以開始下面的復(fù)習(xí)(review)了。
復(fù)習(xí)聽力口語作文的日子里，每天一定要最少做3篇文章的題量，按照考試的時(shí)間要求(requirement)，千萬不可放松。做得多了，就可以把閱讀當(dāng)作一種放松了。ETS的閱讀文章能教給我們各種學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)知識。(這與GRE有區(qū)別。托福的專業(yè)性文章還都處于一個啟蒙的專業(yè)水平上，不像G那么變)閱讀還可以教給我們一些老美的思路，老美看待問題的方式。閱讀不會像你想象的那樣痛苦的(painful)。
無論是OG還是Delta，都把閱讀的題目分成十類，即：Understanding Facts and Details， Identifying Negative Facts， Locating Referents， Understanding Vocabulary in Context， Making Inferences，Determining Purposes, Recognizing Paraphrases (Simplifying sentences)， Recognizing Coherence (Sentence inserting)， Summarizing Important Ideas and Organizing information. 我將按順序一一解釋。
大家在備考托福閱讀的時(shí)候不要再被這樣的問題困擾，根據(jù)自身情況選擇適合自己的做題方法即可。另外，備考中還要學(xué)會安排復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間，提高備考質(zhì)量，這樣才能提高托福閱讀成績。
托福閱讀素材：“表情符號”正在代替網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語
Emoji are being adopted at a faster rate than any other 'language' - and eight in 10 of us now use the colourful symbols to communicate.
與其他任何“語言”相比，表情符號的采用速度要快得多，現(xiàn)在80%的人在使用多種多樣的表情符號進(jìn)行交流。
To plot this popularity, a linguistics professor has conducted the first 'Emoji IQ' study looking at how the pictures are used and by whom.
為了證明表情符號的流行度，一位語言學(xué)教授進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)名為“表情符號智商”的研究，旨在探尋是什么人，在如何使用這類表情圖片，這類研究尚屬首次。
And she has created an online test to determine how well you know your 'confused' face from your 'angry' face to determine if you're an emoji master.
語言學(xué)教授創(chuàng)建了一個在線測試，看受測者是否能區(qū)分“困惑”的表情及“憤怒”的表情，以確定受測者是否是一位表情符號達(dá)人。
The test contains 10 questions that ask users to identify the meaning of certain symbols, and how they would write sentences using emoji.
測試包含10個問題，皆在讓受試者識別某些表情符號的含義以及如何運(yùn)用表情符號編寫句子。
At the end of the test they are given a percentage score - rather than an IQ score as the test's name suggests - and the aim is to be an Emoji Master with a perfect score.
每個受試者在測試結(jié)束時(shí)會得到一個百分比的分?jǐn)?shù)，這個數(shù)字和測試題目所示的那種智商分?jǐn)?shù)不一樣，拿到高分的人會成為“表情符號達(dá)人”。
According to the study, four in 10 people send messages made up entirely of emoji and 18 to 25-year-olds find it easier to express emotions using the symbols.
根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，40%的受試者可以完全通過表情符號傳遞信息，研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)18—25歲的年輕人更容易使用這些符號表達(dá)感情。
More than half of this group admitted emoji has improved their ability to interact with others.
超過一半以上的受試者承認(rèn)表情符號提高了他們與別人交往的能力。
But for the over 40s the language is lost in translation.
但是，對40歲以上的人來說，用表情符號表達(dá)信息有點(diǎn)困難。
More than half (54 per cent) admitted to being confused about what the symbols mean, while a third claimed to have avoided using emoji in text, instant messaging and apps because they lacked the confidence to use them appropriately.
一半以上的人(占54%)表示弄不清表情符號表示的意思，三分之一的人稱他們不會在文本、短信及應(yīng)用程序中使用這些表情符號，因?yàn)樗麄儾淮_定是否會運(yùn)用得當(dāng)。
TalkTalk Mobile teamed up with Vyv Evans, linguistics professor at Bangor University to launch the study and improve understanding of emoji with the 'Emoji IQ' tutorial.
TalkTalk Mobile公司與班戈大學(xué)的語言學(xué)教授Vyv Evans合作進(jìn)行了這項(xiàng)“表情符號智商”測試的研究，幫助理解表情符號的意義。
'Emoji is the fastest growing form of language ever based on its incredible adoption rate and speed of evolution,' said Professor Evans.
Evans教授說道：“表情符號使用率高、發(fā)展速度快，成為了有史以來發(fā)展速度最快的語言形式?！?/p>
'As a visual language emoji has already far eclipsed hieroglyphics, its ancient Egyptian precursor which took centuries to develop.'
“作為一種視覺語言，表情符號的發(fā)展速度已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了古埃及人的象形文字，后者的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了幾百年時(shí)間?！?/p>
The most popular emoji, according to the study, is the 'smiley face' followed by the 'crying with laughter face'. The 'See no evil monkey' rounded off the top 10.
研究顯示，最為流行的表情符號是“笑臉”，然后是“哭笑不得”，“非禮勿視的猴子”表情流行度也位列前十。
'Given the utility and added value provided by emoji, their usage is expected to increase exponentially across all age and cultural groups,' continued Professor Evans.
“鑒于表情符號極具實(shí)用性，富含附加效果，表情符號的使用有望在所有年齡層及文化群體之間成幾何級數(shù)增加，”Evans教授繼續(xù)說道。
'Unlike natural languages such as English, emoji is almost universally recognisable because it exploits the visual representation system.
“由于表情符號利用了視覺表現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)，所以與英語這樣的自然語言不同，表情符號幾乎是普遍公認(rèn)的?！?/p>
'Emoji won't replace traditional languages but it will increasingly be used to enhance them.
“表情符號不會替代傳統(tǒng)的語言，但是表情符號的廣泛使用會增強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)語言效果。”
'I think it's conceivable that emoji will increasingly be used to complement digital versions of written works.
“我認(rèn)為表情符號將越來越多地被用于文學(xué)作品數(shù)字版的補(bǔ)充?！?/p>
'For instance, the inclusion of emoji to help convey meaning in abridged versions of Shakespeare could help bring those great stories to life for a whole new generation.'
“例如，在莎士比亞著作刪節(jié)版中加入表情符號來表達(dá)含義，可以使這些著作更加貼近生活，有利于新一代對名著的理解。”
Instagram recently similarly studied the use of the symbols on its app to try to establish the context of many popular, and more obscure, emoji.
近期，Instagram也研究了表情符號在其應(yīng)用程序中的使用情況，試圖創(chuàng)造一些更流行、更高明的表情符號的文本編寫模式。
It discovered emoji often have a shared meaning regardless of where in the world you are, and in some cases, are replacing internet slang completely.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，不論你身在何處，表情符號通常都可以實(shí)現(xiàn)意義共享。在某些情況下，可以完全替代網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語。
According to Instagram, almost 40 per cent of text comments on the app now contain emoji.
Instagram研究表示，現(xiàn)在近40%的應(yīng)用程序文本中包含表情符號。
Researchers discovered that emoji are replacing internet slang.
研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，表情符號正在代替著網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語。
For example, 'omg' - slang for 'oh my god' - has been replaced with the 'face screaming with fear' emoji.
例如，“我的上帝“(OMG)已被“帶著恐懼的尖叫表情”所替代。
While 'lol', and 'lmao' - laugh my ass off - is being replaced by the 'face with tears of joy' emoji.
而“大聲笑”(lol)或“笑死我了”(lmao)已被“笑哭了”的表情所替代。
The love heart has replaced kisses on comments, and the 'thumbs' up emoji is a catch-all for good luck, good job, fingers crossed, impressed and proud.
評論中“紅心”已替代了“吻”，“豎起大拇指”則表示好運(yùn)、干得好、求好運(yùn)、欽佩和自豪。
The research also revealed that the 'person raising both hands in celebration' emoji is more commonly used in place of words relating to waiting and stopping.
研究還表明，“歡慶時(shí)舉起兩只手”這一表情符號多用于表示等待或停止。
'Women with bunny ears' is typically used to represent sisters, and the 'dancing lady' is used for birthday-related posts.
“帶有兔耳朵的女性”通常表示姐妹，“跳舞小姐”則用于與生日相關(guān)的帖子。
TOP EMOJI FACTS
關(guān)于表情符號
The first emoji was created in 1999 by a team working on Japanese mobile phone provider i-mode's messaging features.
第一個表情符號創(chuàng)于1999年，是日本手機(jī)運(yùn)營商 i-mode的一個研究消息傳遞的團(tuán)隊(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的。
Originally meaning 'pictograph', the word emoji literally means 'picture' (e) and 'character' (moji).
原意為“象形圖畫”，這個表情符號的字面意思是“圖畫”“符號”。
There are 722 different emoji characters currently available in the standard Unicode set shared by most platforms.
目前有722種不同的表情符號，很多平臺可以共享標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的表情符號編碼。
The word 'emoji' was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013.
“emoji”一詞于2013年被收錄進(jìn)牛津英語詞典。
In April 2015, Andy Murray posted a wedding day tweet which described the day in emoji.
2015年4月，英國網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動員安迪·穆雷(Andy Murray)在貼子上運(yùn)用表情符號記錄了他結(jié)婚的這一天。
There will 2 billion smartphone users by 2016 according to eMarketer; 41.5 billion messages and 6 billion emoticons are sent daily according to Swyft Media, a London-based firm that makes emoji for brands.
據(jù)總部位于倫敦的 Swyft Media公司統(tǒng)計(jì)，到2016年將有20億的智能手機(jī)用戶;人們每天將發(fā)送415億條短信和60億表情符號。該公司把表情符號打造成了商標(biāo)。
Vocabulary
emoji 表情符號
eclipse 使……黯然失色;超過
hieroglyphics 象形文字
precursor 先驅(qū)
emoticon 表情符號
托福閱讀素材：人生時(shí)刻表——27結(jié)婚29買房
In case you feared you were lagging behind your peers, a new infographic reveals exactly when Brits achieve life's major goals from marriage to buying their first home.
如果你擔(dān)心你的人生步伐落后于同伴，這里為你提供了一份英國人人生大事時(shí)刻表，它準(zhǔn)確顯示了英國人在什么年齡完成結(jié)婚、買第一套房等人生大事。
According to a poll of 2,000 people, the 25 milestones begin with a first kiss at the age of 15 and end with a relatively early retirement at 60.
一項(xiàng)2000人參與的調(diào)查報(bào)告列舉了從15歲初吻到60歲享受較早的退休待遇等共25項(xiàng)人生大事。
But many cash-strapped thirtysomethings will be baffled by the finding that the majority of people in the UK buy their first property in their late 20s and are splashing out on two holidays a year by the age of 36.
許多因經(jīng)濟(jì)條件不好的三十多歲的人們會對這些調(diào)查結(jié)果感到困惑：大多數(shù)英國人在三十歲之前就買到了他們的第一套房產(chǎn)，在36歲時(shí)就能享受每年兩次旅行。
The study commissioned by lending company, Amigo Loans, quizzed UK adults between the ages of 16 and 65.
這一研究由借貸公司Amigo Loans委托，調(diào)查對象是16歲到65歲之間的英國人。
The research found that the most awkward life milestone - the first kiss - is best ticked off at the tender age of 15.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，最尷尬的一件人生大事——初吻——最好發(fā)生在青澀的15歲。
The experiences of our early 20s should include passing a driving test at 20, moving out of home and buying our first car at 22 and jetting off to sunnier climes for the first time with a boyfriend or girlfriend at 23.
我們20歲出頭的經(jīng)歷應(yīng)包括：20歲拿到駕照，22歲搬出家里在外獨(dú)立生活，買到自己的第一輛車，23歲第一次開始與男朋友或女朋友飛往氣候更和煦的遠(yuǎn)方旅行。
Researchers also revealed that 19 is the best age to start a full-time job, while we should feel free to enjoy the first holiday without mum and dad two years later.
研究人員還透露，19歲是開始自己第一份全職工作的最好時(shí)機(jī)，21歲應(yīng)該去享受父母不在身邊的自由旅行。
The common consensus is that by the time we are 30 we should have ticked off everything from living on our own at 24, to meeting the one and getting engaged at 25, and getting married at the age of 27.
人們的共識是，30歲之前我們應(yīng)完成以下所有事：24歲獨(dú)立生活，25歲找到結(jié)婚對象并訂婚，27歲結(jié)婚。
According to the data, buying a house and even having a first child are best ticked off before reaching the big 3-0, at the ages of 29 and 28, respectively.
數(shù)據(jù)顯示，30歲之前最好能買一套房子，甚至有了第一個孩子，這兩件事最好分別在29歲和28歲實(shí)現(xiàn)。
The age of 31 was hailed as the prime time at which to have a second child, while landing a managerial role and being able to afford to buy a brand new car should also be within sight at this point.
31歲被譽(yù)為生第二個孩子的黃金年齡，在這個年齡，晉升到管理階層、買得起一輛新車都應(yīng)該是可及的目標(biāo)。
Additionally, two holidays a year should be affordable by the time we turn 37, and we ought to have our eye on a buy-to-let property two years later.
另外，到了37歲就應(yīng)支付得起一年兩次的旅行，39歲應(yīng)關(guān)注一下房產(chǎn)投資了。
As we head through our mid to late-30s and early-40s we ought to be aiming to have moved to slightly bigger second home, have earnings of around ￡40k a year or more, and even have considered, or set up our own business.
在35歲到40歲出頭，我們的目標(biāo)應(yīng)該是移居大一點(diǎn)的房子，年薪達(dá)4萬英鎊或更高，甚至考慮自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。
A spokeswoman for Amigo Loans, who commissioned the study, said: 'It's normal to want to achieve certain things by certain ages and it's good to be ambitious.
Amigo Loans公司委托此項(xiàng)調(diào)查的發(fā)言人說道：“人到了一定的年齡就想實(shí)現(xiàn)一定的目標(biāo)，這很正常。人應(yīng)該心懷抱負(fù)?！?/p>
'Borrowing money to achieve life's milestones, such as moving out, buying a car or starting a business is harder than ever for ordinary, hard-working people and our research shows nearly half of people between the ages of 16-34 expect to turn to their family and friends for financial help to achieve their life goals.
“借錢來實(shí)現(xiàn)搬家、買車、創(chuàng)業(yè)這些大事對普通勞動者來說前所未有的難。我們的研究顯示，16歲至34歲人群中有近一半渴望從家人或朋友那里得到經(jīng)濟(jì)援助來實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。”
'Indeed, nearly 80 per cent of our guarantors are family members.'
“確實(shí)如此，我們的擔(dān)保人近8成是家庭成員?！?/p>
The team of researchers also found those who are yet to tick off significant milestones are struggling to do because of financial pressures.
研究小組還發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，即將完成這些大事的人都在苦苦掙扎。
Of those who have managed to achieve most of those on the list, the majority did so within their targeted time-frame.
而那些已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了清單上大多數(shù)大事的人，多數(shù)也是在他們的目標(biāo)時(shí)間內(nèi)完成的。
But the milestones which proved the most difficult to achieve and which took longer than expected were passing a driving test, buying a first car and then being able to afford a brand new car.
這些大事中最難的、可能需要花費(fèi)比預(yù)想的更長時(shí)間才能做到的是：拿到駕照，買到第一部車，以及有能力支付一輛新車。
Most had to wait longer to have their second child than they would have liked, while getting to the point where two holidays a year wasn’t a problem also proved tough.
大多數(shù)人花了比他們料想的更長時(shí)間才迎來了他們的第二個孩子。毫不費(fèi)勁地支付一年兩次的旅行，要達(dá)到這個階段也比較難。
The study also looked into the subject of pressure and the part it plays in helping us achieve our goals.
這項(xiàng)研究還對壓力這一話題及它在我們實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)過程中的作用進(jìn)行了分析。
One in three people said they felt there was more pressure on the current generation to reach milestones within specific time-frames.
三分之一的人坦言，當(dāng)代人在既定時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)人生大事得承擔(dān)著更大的壓力。
But according to the data, a large percentage of us also put the pressure on ourselves to achieve things by certain times.
調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示，我們中大部分人也會自我施壓，迫使自己在既定時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)既定目標(biāo)。
Vocabulary
splash out 隨意花錢
tender age 未成熟的年紀(jì)
sunnier climes
陽光更充沛的地帶
tick off 勾出
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