托福閱讀邏輯推斷題應(yīng)對方法介紹

托福閱讀邏輯推斷題應(yīng)對方法介紹 結(jié)合實例教你答題方法。今天給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x不同年齡考生如何備考,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀邏輯推斷題應(yīng)對方法介紹 結(jié)合實例教你答題方法

托福閱讀因果關(guān)系詞介紹

托福閱讀中的因果關(guān)系詞其實有兩類，一個是表示原因的：as、since、thanks to、as result of、because of、owing to、result from、due to、on account of、by virtue of、in that、attribute to;另一個是表示結(jié)果的：as a consequence、thus、hence、so、as a result、result in、contribute to、lead to、cause、breed、trigger.

托福閱讀推斷題如何用因果關(guān)系來解題?

Paragraph 4: So, in another set of experiment s, Kramer putidentical food boxes around the cage, with food in only one of the boxes. Theboxes were stationary, and the one containing food was always at the same pointof the compass. However, its position with respect to the surroundings could bechanged by revolving either the inner cage containing the birds or the outerwalls, which served as the background. As long as the birds could see the Sun,no matter how their surroundings were alter ed, they went directly to thecorrect food box. Whether the box appeared in front of the right wall or theleft wall, they showed no signs of confusion. On overcast days, however, thebirds were disoriented and had trouble locating their food box.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 4 aboutKramer’s reason for filling one food box and leaving the rest empty?

A He believed the birds would eat food from only one box.

B He wanted to see whether the Sun alone controlled the birds'ability to navigate toward the box with food.

C He thought that if all the boxes contained food, this woulddistract the birds from following their migratory route.

D He needed to test whether the birds preferred having the food atany particular point of the compass.

首先，我們來明確一下推斷的定義(infer, imply, indicate)，縱使它是推斷題，也不是意味著這題是主觀臆斷，臆想或是聯(lián)想得出的。這道題也是要通過提取題干中的關(guān)鍵詞到文章中的明確位置，然后文中沒有平鋪直敘地告訴你答案，需要我們根據(jù)一些線索找到答案。

接下來我們來看一下這道題，題干中出現(xiàn)Kramer, filling one food box andleaving the rest empty定位在第四段第一句：with food in only one of the boxes，而解開這道題的重點就在于：reason。我們看到第一句話一開始說到，so, in another set of experiments，很明顯，答案并不在這一段，而是上一段的最后。所以答案是B。

托福閱讀復習的黃金法則

1.

積累背景知識對我們來說相當?shù)闹匾?，因此我們在做新托福閱讀的題目的同時，也應(yīng)該在空余的時候多閱讀課外讀物，原版雜志。譬如，國家地理，自然，今日美國等一些的原版雜志，這不僅可以擴充我們的背景知識，同時也可以補充我們在詞匯量上的不足。

2.

在托福閱讀復習的最后階段，做做模擬練習題是必不可少的。如果有條件的話，做一下模考軟件。因為這樣可以模仿新托福機考的真實場景。比較推薦的?？架浖蠦arron,

Kaplan以及一些比較的模考網(wǎng)站。當然在你報名時托福官方網(wǎng)站提供給你的那一套不完整的模考題也是很有參考價值的。

3.

如果基礎(chǔ)一般的同學，想要參加托?？荚?，提前3-4個月準備起來。一本好的詞匯書是必不可少的。其實背哪一本詞匯書不是重點所在，重要的是能夠持之以恒，每天對所背的詞匯進行復習和總結(jié)。因為你在做詞匯題時如果能遇到你熟悉的詞，可以節(jié)省你會到文章中去看上下文猜詞的時間。雖然不能保證背到就一定能考到，但是單詞可以幫助你更好的理解文章。曾經(jīng)有一名語言專家這樣說過：“Without

grammar, little can be conveyed and without vocabulary, nothing can be

conveyed.”足以說明詞匯的重要性。

4.

然后要從理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)開始理解文章。我們要明白，托?？荚嚨拈喿x文章都是北美校園基礎(chǔ)課程的文章，基本沒有做過改動。所以文章的結(jié)構(gòu)就是完全按照美式作文的五段法，我們的考生只要用這樣的方式去分析每一篇文章，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的結(jié)構(gòu)是大同小異的。

托福閱讀練習材料：國際空戰(zhàn)站

The crew of the International Space Station have been forced to reduce power after half the cooling system suddenly shut down over the weekend.

Nasa officials insisted the three Americans and three Russians aboard were not in danger.

Urgent spacewalk repairs are being discussed for this week.

Without thermal controls，temperatures on the ISS‘s Sun-facing side can soar to 121C (250F)，plunging to minus 157C (-250F) on the dark side，Nasa says.

“There might be a comfortable spot somewhere in the middle of the station，but searching for it wouldn’t be much fun，” a statement on its website adds.

The station is now operating on a single string，the Associated Press reports，and has no safeguard in case of further cooling system failures.

Alarms sound

Trouble arose on Saturday night when one of the two ammonia-fed cooling loops shut down，triggering alarms throughout the ISS.

The two ammonia lines ensure that all the station‘s electronic equipment does not overheat.

Astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson set in motion equipment shutdown procedures and，with crewmate Douglas Wheelock，installed a jumper cable to keep all the rooms cool.

The Global Positioning System circuit，several power converters and a set of devices that route commands to various pieces of equipment were switched off.

Two of the four gyroscopes - part of the space station’s pointing and navigating system - were initially shut down but the crew installed a jumper cable to bring up a third gyroscope，leaving the station in a much more stable position，AP says.

Flight controllers tried to restart the disabled ammonia pump early on Sunday but the circuit breaker tripped again.

Any repairs later this week almost certainly will involve replacing the faulty ammonia pump，a difficult job that would require two spacewalks，AP adds.

“It‘s pretty clear that we’re going to want to have a course of action to take as quickly as possible，” Nasa spokesman Rob Navias said at the Johnson Space Center in Houston，Texas.

“This is not something we want to linger over.”

Two spare pumps are stored on the outside of the station. Two of the Americans on board are already scheduled to conduct a spacewalk on Thursday for routine maintenance.

No space shuttle visits to the ISS are planned before November.

托福閱讀練習材料：說謊影響健康

In The Dilemma，Vince Vaughn’s character is keeping a huge secret from his

best friend: His wife is cheating on him. Vaughn’s “dilemma,” of course, is

whether or not to tell his buddy. But, he may not know he’s also putting himself

in harm’s way by lying to his friend. Guilt is just the beginning.

在影片《進退兩難》中，文斯沃恩飾演的角色進退兩難的是：該不該告訴自己的好朋友，好朋友妻子給他戴綠帽子的事情。殊不知，對好友隱瞞真 相的同時，也給自己的健康帶來隱患。內(nèi)疚只是個開始。

Along with guilt, people who lie, omit the truth or keep a secret are at

risk for some not-so-pleasant health complications. For starters, lying releases

stress hormones – the same ones that are triggered in what’s called your “Fight

or Flight Response,” This increase in stress hormones causes your heart rate and

breathing to increase, digestion to slow down, and hypersensitivity of muscle

and nerve fibers,” she says.

除了內(nèi)疚，撒謊的人隱瞞真 相可能令人不快的健康并發(fā)癥的風險。撒謊的時候，體內(nèi)會釋放壓力荷爾蒙，而壓力荷爾蒙會誘發(fā)“或戰(zhàn)或逃”反應(yīng)。增加的壓力荷爾蒙會影響心率和呼吸的加快，消化減慢，肌肉和神經(jīng)纖維高度緊張。

These affects may not sound that serious, but over time, they can lead to

conditions that no one would want, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and

congestive heart failure. Why? Because blood pressure rises in the heart when

you’re lying, “which can be life threatening over a prolonged period of time,”

says Dr. Smith. (This is why Polygram or lie detector tests accurately test for

lying, because they measure jumps in blood pressure).

這些影響聽起來似乎還不嚴重，但是，天長日久，會導致出乎意料的后果：冠心病、中風、充血性心力衰竭。為什么?因為撒謊時，血壓會升高。撒謊成習可能威脅生命。這也是多項描記圖和測謊儀能測試出人是否撒謊，因為撒謊時，人的血壓會升高。

Frequent truth telling made lying more difficult, and frequent lying made

lying easier.” 老實人很難撒謊，常撒謊的人說謊容易。