托福閱讀備考須知基本常識(shí)解題心得分享

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托福閱讀部分有很多細(xì)節(jié)需要考生在開始備考前就做到心里有數(shù),比如閱讀考試時(shí)間等等,今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈i喿x備考須知基本常識(shí)解題心得分享,希望能夠幫助到大家,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀備考須知基本常識(shí)解題心得分享

托福閱讀考試時(shí)間細(xì)節(jié)介紹

15分鐘一篇,一篇13/14道題。(官方要求是20分鐘一篇)

13道題中除了4道詞匯題(30‘’)1道多選題(1’30‘’)之外,其他題目基本(1‘)一般是在第三段/第四段,大概第8題/第9題的樣子,是一段會(huì)出2道理解題的段落。題目編排,近幾年的官方真題Official一般第一篇第二篇文章偏難,生詞多,第三篇簡(jiǎn)單難度類似早期官方真題Official。

在題目上一般是(細(xì)節(jié) 詞匯,細(xì)節(jié) 作用, 細(xì)節(jié) 詞匯, 細(xì)節(jié) 詞匯 改寫, 細(xì)節(jié) 詞匯, 黑點(diǎn) 大意)規(guī)律就是每一段都會(huì)出細(xì)節(jié)題(In paragraph n...)再加一道其他題,早期一段只有一道題的情況幾乎不存在了。

簡(jiǎn)單的文章可能會(huì)出比較難的大意題,尤其是對(duì)比型的簡(jiǎn)單文章。用上面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)控制時(shí)間,用下面的方法去讀的話,20分鐘一般都是夠用的。

托福閱讀高分常見障礙分析

速度:1’大概150-170字,生詞量一般而且前后不出現(xiàn)感覺自相矛盾需要停下來想的情況下。

選項(xiàng):詞匯量一般,有時(shí)詞匯題的相似詞匯不造句都感覺不出區(qū)別。

托福閱讀備考真題訓(xùn)練技巧講解

1,粗看下文章的段數(shù),對(duì)每段大概幾道題有個(gè)預(yù)期。(比如只有5段,那長(zhǎng)段肯定是3道題)粗看每段第一句話,對(duì)文章的整體意思心中有數(shù)。

2,每段段首變成中文理解,以迅速的進(jìn)入狀態(tài),并記憶主要意思。(就算只有一道詞匯題,這段的段首也要讀)

3,每讀一段整理一次邏輯,A支持的觀點(diǎn)是,A的觀點(diǎn)的問題是B的觀點(diǎn)是。(記憶法,圖像幫助理解,邏輯幫助記憶,生成圖像來理解含義,對(duì)邏輯部分用色彩記憶紅黃綠記憶法,每一段的第一句作為邏輯中心標(biāo)記黃色。

這段如果講倒推如原因,在腦中的邏輯框架就在紅色的區(qū)域生成記憶,如果正推將后果等就在綠色區(qū)域生成圖像,讀完全文留下來的會(huì)是每一排都是紅黃綠三色的邏輯關(guān)系,每一段都縱向羅列,如下)紅——黃——綠

4,鑒于每段都會(huì)出細(xì)節(jié)題,如果有詞匯題等先只看一句話,做完了要看到細(xì)節(jié)題問的什么再看文章,鑒于有四個(gè)選項(xiàng),選一個(gè)對(duì)的或者不對(duì)的,看的時(shí)候自己要邊看邊總結(jié),比如總結(jié)出三個(gè)步驟, 解釋了三個(gè)方面的問題,或者其他。5,要檢查,每個(gè)不確定的題都標(biāo)上guess回來看,我不確定的題錯(cuò)的概率還是非常高的。如果不走神的理解全文,一般15分鐘是夠的,還能剩下幾分鐘檢查。

托福閱讀實(shí)用做題策略介紹

詞匯題、句子改寫題——只讀該句不讀完整段(30‘ . + 1’.1)耗時(shí)3分鐘

詞匯題看好單詞的詞性、發(fā)出者(是人,是物),保持一致的最對(duì),看這一句即可。

In the past,whole cities grew from the arduous task of cutting and piling stone upon. Some ofthe world’s finest stone architecture can be seen in the ruins of the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu high in the eastern Andes Mountains of Peru.

The word “arduous” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. Difficult B. Necessary C. Skilled D. Shared

猜詞是保證不了完全準(zhǔn)了,根據(jù)意思,這道題排除BD,剩下AC很是糾結(jié),但是看task本身,skilled task這種說法小奇怪,一般是skilled workers,所以選A

詞匯題一直是難點(diǎn)超愛錯(cuò),猜出來的,如果有時(shí)間檢查一定要再看一下,從ETS出題的角度考慮。

托福閱讀真題原題+題目

By the turn of the century, the middle-class home in North American had been transformed. The flow of industry has passed and left idle the loom in the attic, the soap kettle in the shed, Ellen Richards wrote in 1908. The urban middle class was now able to buy a wide array of food products and clothing — baked goods, canned goods, suits, shirts, shoes, and dresses. Not only had household production waned, but technological improvements were rapidly changing the rest of domestic work. Middle-class homes had indoor running water and furnaces, run on oil, coal, or gas, that produced hot water. Stoves were fueled by gas, and delivery services provided ice for refrigerators. Electric power was available for lamps, sewing machines, irons, and even vacuum cleaners. No domestic task was unaffected. Commercial laundries, for instance, had been doing the wash for urban families for decades; by the early 1900's the first electric washing machines were on the market.

One impact of the new household technology was to draw sharp dividing lines between women of different classes and regions. Technological advances always affected the homes of the wealthy first, filtering downward into the urban middle class. But women who lived on farms were not yet affected by household improvements. Throughout the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth, rural homes lacked running water and electric power. Farm women had to haul large quantities of water into the house from wells or pumps for every purpose. Doing the family laundry, in large vats heated over stoves, continued to be a full day's work, just as canning and preserving continued to be seasonal necessities. Heat was provided by wood or coal stoves. In addition, rural women continued to produce most of their families' clothing. The urban poor, similarly, reaped few benefits from household improvements. Urban slums such as Chicago's nineteenth ward often had no sewers, garbage collection, or gas or electric lines; and tenements lacked both running water and central heating. At the turn of the century, variations in the nature of women's domestic work were probably more marked than at any time before.

1. What is the main topic of the passage ?

(A) The creation of the urban middle class

(B) Domestic work at the turn of the century

(C) The spread of electrical power in the United States

(D) Overcrowding in American cities.

2. According to the passage , what kind of fuel was used in a stove in a typical middle-class household?

(A) oil

(B) coal

(C) gas

(D) wood

3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a household convenience in the passage ?

(A) the electric fan

(B) the refrigerator

(C) the electric light

(D) the washing machine

4. According to the passage , who were the first beneficiaries of technological advances?

(A) Farm women

(B) The urban poor

(C) The urban middle class

(D) The wealthy

5. The word reaped in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) gained

(B) affected

(C) wanted

(D) accepted

6. Which of the following best characterizes the passage 's organization?

(A) analysis of a quotation

(B) chronological narrative

(C) extended definition

(D) comparison and contrast

7. Where in the passage does the author discuss conditions in poor urban neighborhoods?

(A) lines 3-5

(B) lines 6-7

(C) lines 8-9

(D) lines 22-23

PASSAGE 45 BCADA DD

托福閱讀真題原題+題目

Pennsylvania's colonial ironmasters forged iron and a revolution that had both industrial and political implications. The colonists in North America wanted the right to the profits gained from their manufacturing. However, England wanted all of the colonies' rich ores and raw materials to feed its own factories, and also wanted the colonies to be a market for its finished goods. England passed legislation in 1750 to prohibit colonists from making finished iron products, but by 1771, when entrepreneur Mark Bird established the Hopewell blast furnace in Pennsylvania, iron making had become the backbone of American industry. It also had become one of the major issues that fomented the revolutionary break between England and the British colonies. By the time the War of Independence broke out in 1776, Bird, angered and determined, was manufacturing cannons and shot at Hopewell to be used by the Continental Army.

After the war, Hopewell, along with hundreds of other iron plantations, continued to form the new nation's industrial foundation well into the nineteenth century. The rural landscape became dotted with tall stone pyramids that breathed flames and smoke, charcoal-fueled iron furnaces that produced the versatile metal so crucial to the nation's growth. Generations of ironmasters, craftspeople, and workers produced goods during war and peace-ranging from cannons and shot to domestic items such as cast-iron stoves, pots, and sash weights for windows.

The region around Hopewell had everything needed for iron production: a wealth of iron ore near the surface, limestone for removing impurities from the iron, hardwood forests to supply the charcoal used for fuel, rushing water to power the bellows that pumped blasts of air into the furnace fires, and workers to supply the labor. By the 1830's, Hopewell had developed a reputation for producing high quality cast-iron stoves, for which there was a steady market. As Pennsylvania added more links to its transportation system of roads, canals, and railroads, it became easier to ship parts made by Hopewell workers to sites all over the east coast. There they were assembled into stoves and sold from Rhode Island to Maryland as the Hopewell stove. By the time the last fires burned out at Hopewell ironworks in 1883, the community had produced some 80,000 cast-iron stoves.

1. The word implications in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) significance

(B) motives

(C) foundations

(D) progress

2. It can be inferred that the purpose of the legislation passed by England in 1750 was to

(A) reduce the price of English-made iron goods sold in the colonies

(B) prevent the outbreak of the War of Independence

(C) require colonists to buy manufactured goods from England.

(D) keep the colonies from establishing new markets for their raw materials.

3. The author compares iron furnaces to which of the following?

(A) cannons

(B) pyramids

(C) pots

(D) windows

4. The word rushing in line 21 is closest in meaning to

(A) reliable

(B) fresh

(C) appealing

(D) rapid

5. Pennsylvania was an ideal location for the Hopewell ironworks for all of the following reasons

EXCEPT

(A) Many workers were available in the area.

(B) The center of operations of the army was nearby.

(C) The metal ore was easy to acquire

(D) There was an abundance of wood.

6. The passage mentions roads, canals, and railroads in line 25 in order to explain that

(A) improvements in transportation benefited the Hopewell ironworks

(B) iron was used in the construction of various types of transportation

(C) the transportation system of Pennsylvania was superior to that of other states.

(D) Hopewell never became a major transportation center

7. The word they in line 26 refers to

(A) links

(B) parts

(C) workers

(D) sites

8. The word some in line 28 is closest in meaning to

(A) only

(B) a maximum of

(C) approximately

(D) a variety of

PASSAGE 46 ACBDB ABC


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