托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題4種常見出題情況和應(yīng)對(duì)思路逐一盤點(diǎn)分析

托福閱讀10大題型中細(xì)節(jié)題是較為?？嫉念}型之一，基本上每篇閱讀文章中都會(huì)有至少1-2題出現(xiàn)。今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題4種常見出題情況和應(yīng)對(duì)思路逐一盤點(diǎn)分析,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題4種常見出題情況和應(yīng)對(duì)思路逐一盤點(diǎn)分析

托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題常見出題情況應(yīng)對(duì)思路分析

托福閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)題基本解題思路是根據(jù)題目給出的信息返回原文中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的位置進(jìn)行核對(duì)確認(rèn)，然后選出正確的答案，這個(gè)解題流程中對(duì)考生的思維能力要求似乎是比較低的，但即便如此，細(xì)節(jié)題本身不同的出題情況還是可能導(dǎo)致不同的解題結(jié)果，因此細(xì)節(jié)題的各種出題情況考生還是需要掌握各自的應(yīng)對(duì)思路才行。

托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題出題情況盤點(diǎn)介紹

那么，托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題的出題情況有哪幾種呢?小編為大家詳細(xì)介紹：

1. 直接對(duì)應(yīng)特定詞匯

這種應(yīng)該是大家最容易看到的一種細(xì)節(jié)題出題情況，當(dāng)然其解答難度也是最低的。這種情況是題目中包含了某個(gè)特定詞匯，而在原文中考生也可以找到完全一樣的詞匯。這種情況大家往往可以直接進(jìn)行選擇，而不需要再浪費(fèi)時(shí)間去文章其它段落里做進(jìn)一步核對(duì)查找。

2. 尋找定位句解題

這種情況與第一種情況類似，但并非特定詞匯的直接對(duì)應(yīng)，而是句子的對(duì)應(yīng)。也就是題目或是選項(xiàng)中的某個(gè)句子整體或是其中一部分能夠在原文中找到相同或者相似的對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容。這種情況想要返回原文中查找需要考生從定位句入手才會(huì)比較容易找到，而且有時(shí)候涉及到的不只是原句本身，還有其前后上下文的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，當(dāng)然只要大家能夠順利找到原句所在，想要解答細(xì)節(jié)題難度也并不會(huì)太高。

3. 多選項(xiàng)分散對(duì)應(yīng)

這種情況就屬于細(xì)節(jié)題中比較麻煩的一類出題情況了。具體來(lái)說(shuō)，一道題目四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，可能對(duì)應(yīng)的并非單個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，而是各個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)分散在文章的不同位置。這種細(xì)節(jié)題如今在托福閱讀考試中并不常見，但也偶爾會(huì)出現(xiàn)，一旦遇到考生在解題時(shí)就需要花費(fèi)更多時(shí)間精力來(lái)把這些細(xì)節(jié)逐個(gè)找到對(duì)應(yīng)位置之后再進(jìn)行一一排除。比較高效率的做法是先根據(jù)提問(wèn)內(nèi)容找到問(wèn)題大致對(duì)應(yīng)的位置，然后再直接從這個(gè)位置所在段落進(jìn)行查找排除，這樣一些干擾無(wú)關(guān)選項(xiàng)可以比較快速地被排查出來(lái)，節(jié)省一定的解題時(shí)間。

4. paraphrase對(duì)應(yīng)

這種情況應(yīng)該算是細(xì)節(jié)題的終極形態(tài)了，也就是大家無(wú)法直接根據(jù)題目?jī)?nèi)容在原文中找到相同或者相近的對(duì)應(yīng)部分。這種情況一般是因?yàn)槌鲱}時(shí)故意進(jìn)行了paraphrase，也就是把原始細(xì)節(jié)換一種方式說(shuō)出來(lái)，而且變更幅度比較大，雖然保持了基本意思的相同，但從用詞和句子上面已經(jīng)看不出原來(lái)的模樣了。這就要求大家本身首先要充分理解題目提問(wèn)的具體內(nèi)容，同時(shí)擁有一定的同近義詞知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備，結(jié)合兩者才能比較好的解答這道細(xì)節(jié)題。當(dāng)然這種高難度的細(xì)節(jié)題考生很少會(huì)遇到，縱觀整個(gè)官方真題Official中這樣的題目數(shù)量也不會(huì)太多，但大家還是需要了解做題思路，避免臨時(shí)遭遇被打個(gè)措手不及。

托福閱讀真題原題+題目

During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The surge often progresses along a glacier like a great wave, proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater might act as a lubricant, allowing the glacier to flow rapidly toward the sea. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill. Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. However, many of these glaciers exist in the same area as normal glaciers, often almost side by side.

Some 800 years ago, Alaska's Hubbard Glacier advanced toward the sea, retreated, and advanced again 500 years later. Since 1895, this seventy-mile-long river of ice has been flowing steadily toward the Gulf of Alaska at a rate of approximately 200 feet per year. In June 1986, however, the glacier surged ahead as much as 47 feet a day. Meanwhile, a western tributary, called Valerie Glacier, advanced up to 112 feet a day. Hubbard's surge closed off Russell Fiord with a formidable ice dam, some 2,500 feet wide and up to 800 feet high, whose caged waters threatened the town of Yakutat to the south.

About 20 similar glaciers around the Gulf of Alaska are heading toward the sea. If enough surge glaciers reach the ocean and raise sea levels, west Antarctic ice shelves could rise off the seafloor and become adrift. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The additional sea ice floating toward the tropics would increase Earth's albedo and lower global temperatures, perhaps enough to initiate a new ice age. This situation appears to have occurred at the end of the last warm interglacial (the time between glacations), called the Sangamon, when sea ice cooled the ocean dramatically, spawning the beginning of the Ice Age.

1. What is the main topic of the passage ?

(A) The classification of different types of surge glaciers

(B) The causes and consequences of surge glaciers

(C) The definition of a surge glacier

(D) The history of a particular surge glacier

2. The word intervals in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) records

(B) speeds

(C) distances

(D) periods

3. The author compares the surging motion of a surge glacier to the movement of a

(A) fish

(B) wave

(C) machine

(D) boat

4. Which of the following does the author mention as a possible cause of surging glaciers?

(A) The decline in sea levels

(B) The occurrence of unusually large ocean waves

(C) The shifting Antarctic ice shelves

(D) The pressure of meltwater underneath the glacier

5. The word freeing in line 7 is closest in meaning to

(A) pushing

(B) releasing

(C) strengthening

(D) draining

6. According to the passage , the Hubbard Glacier

(A) moves more often than the Valerie Glacier

(B) began movement toward the sea in 1895

(C) is 800 feet wide

(D) has moved as fast as 47 feet per day

7. Yakutat is the name of

(A) an Alaskan town

(B) the last ice age

(C) a surge glacier

(D) an Antarctic ice shelf

8. The word plunge in line 22 is closest in meaning to

(A) drop

(B) extend

(C) melt

(D) drift

9. The term vicious cycle in line 24 refers to the

(A) movement pattern of surge glaciers

(B) effect surge glaciers could have on the temperature of tropical areas

(C) effect that repeated rising sea levels might have on glacial ice

(D) constant threat surge glaciers could pose to the Gulf of Alaska

10. The author provides a definition for which of the following terms?

(A) tributary (line 15)

(B) ice dam (line 16)

(C) albedo (line 25)

(D) interglacial(line 26)

11. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage ?

(A) The movement of surge glaciers can be prevented.

(B) The next ice age could be caused by surge glaciers.

(C) Surge glaciers help to support Antarctic ice shelves.

(D) Normal glaciers have little effect on Earth's climate.

PASSAGE 38 BDBDB DAACD B

托福閱讀真題原題+題目

The Native American peoples of the north Pacific Coast created a highly complex maritime culture as they invented modes of production unique to their special environment. In addition to their sophisticated technical culture, they also attained one of the most complex social organizations of any nonagricultural people in the world.

In a division of labor similar to that of the hunting peoples in the interior and among foraging peoples throughout the world, the men did most of the fishing, and the women processed the catch. Women also specialized in the gathering of the abundant shellfish that lived closer to shore. They collected oysters, crabs, sea urchins, mussels, abalone, and clams, which they could gather while remaining close to their children. The maritime life harvested by the women not only provided food, but also supplied more of the raw materials for making tools than did fish gathered by the men. Of particular importance for the native tool kit before the introduction of metal was the wide knife made from the larger mussel shells, and a variety of cutting edges that could be made from other marine shells.

The women used their tools to process all of the fish and marine mammals brought in by the men. They cleaned the fish, and dried vast quantities of them for the winter. They sun-dried fish when practical, but in the rainy climate of the coastal area they also used smokehouses to preserve tons of fish and other seafood annually. Each product had its own peculiar characteristics that demanded a particular way of cutting or drying the meat, and each task required its own cutting blades and other utensils.

After drying the fish, the women pounded some of them into fish meal, which was an easily transported food used in soups, stews, or other dishes to provide protein and thickening in the absence of fresh fish or while on long trips. The woman also made a cheese-like substance from a mixture of fish and roe by aging it in storehouses or by burying it in wooden boxes or pits lined with rocks and tree leaves.

1. Which aspect of the lives of the Native Americans of the north Pacific Coast does the passage

mainly discuss?

(A) Methods of food preservation

(B) How diet was restricted by the environment

(C) The contributions of women to the food supply

(D) Difficulties in establishing successful farms

2. The word unique in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) comprehensible

(B) productive

(C) intentional

(D) particular

3. The word attained in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) achieved

(B) modified

(C) demanded

(D) spread

4. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that the social organization of many agricultural peoples is

(A) more complex than that of hunters and foragers

(B) less efficient than that of hunters and foragers

(C) more widespread than that of hunters and foragers

(D) better documented than that of hunters and foragers

5. According to the passage , what is true of the division of labor mentioned in line 5?

(A) It was first developed by Native Americans of the north Pacific Coast.

(B) It rarely existed among hunting

(C) It was a structure that the Native Americans of the north Pacific Coast shared with many

other peoples.

(D) It provided a form of social organization that was found mainly among coastal peoples.

6. The word abundant in line 7 is closest in meaning to

(A) prosperous

(B) plentiful

(C) acceptable

(D) fundamental

7. All of the following are true of the north Pacific coast women EXCEPT that they

(A) were more likely to catch shellfish than other kinds of fish

(B) contributed more materials for tool making than the men did

(C) sometimes searched for food far inland from the coast

(D) prepared and preserved the fish

8. The word They in line 16 refers to

(A) women

(B) tools

(C) mammals

(D) men

9. The Native Americans of the north Pacific Coast used smokehouses in order to

(A) store utensils used in food preparation

(B) prevent fish and shellfish from spoiling

(C) have a place to store fish and shellfish

(D) prepare elaborate meals

10. The wore peculiar in line 19 is closest in meaning to

(A) strange

(B) distinctive

(C) appealing

(D) biological

11. All of following are true of the cheese-like substance mentioned in paragraph 4 EXCEPT that it

was

(A) made from fish

(B) not actually cheese

(C) useful on long journeys

(D) made in a short period of time

PASSAGE 39 CDAAC BCABB D