托福語法指導匯總

考托福語法一直都很重要，小編整理了關于真題要點解析的語法指導，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福語法指導-并列連詞及真題要點解析

有關并列連詞的命題在TOEEL考試中占有極重要的地位。并列連接詞不僅自身是命題的焦點，它還涉及到一些其它的題型，如平行結構，詞類、及一致等TOEEL考試要點。一般說來，有關并列連詞的題目并不深澀，因為連接詞無論在語意上還是結構功能上都并非孤立使用。而且，細察并列連詞的題目，還可尋見其中的命題規(guī)律并列連詞?？碱}型及解題要點

1. 并列連詞 and but or混淆來源：考試大

解題要點 這類題型主要分面布在written Expression (16-40題中) 當A、B、C、D四項選擇中出現(xiàn)單獨的and或but 或or 時，它通常就是此題的焦點，應根據(jù)句意判斷此連詞是否用錯。

全真例題要分析來源：考試大

(1) Harvesting of grains is affected by annual changes in temperature or in the amount of moisture, but both. (90.1)

[答案] D 根據(jù)句意，這里并無轉折關系。因此but 應改為or。

(2) Porcelain is not a single clay, and a compound of kaolin. Ball clay, feldspar. And silica. (91.1)

[答案] C 此句表達的是一個取舍關系，and應改為but. “not…but”是表達轉折，到舍含義的固定并列連詞搭配。

3. The structure or behavior of many protozoans are amazingly comples for single-celled artimals.

[答案] A 根據(jù)句中復數(shù)謂語動詞are 來判斷，連詞or是錯誤，它表述的概含是兩項之一，應用單數(shù)第三人稱動詞。固而or應改為and。

(4) Cayenne popper comes from the seedpot of the pepper plant which is dried or then ground.

[答案] D 根據(jù)提示詞then，我們可以判斷dried 和ground (grind 的過去分詞，碾碎)是順序先后的兩個動作，并非取舍選擇關系。固此or應改為and。來源：考試大

2. 并列連接詞詞組

both…and as…as

not only …but also not so…as來源：考試大

either…or the same…as

neither…nor 比較級(more-re) …than

so…that to…to常與so…that 來源：考試大

whether…or 混淆搭配

解題要點;上述并列連詞詞組和短語必須搭配使用，不能承意更換或省略?？碱}中如出現(xiàn)上述詞組的任何一部分，則注意另一部分是否正確。

全真例題分析來源：考試大

(1) In meteorology. Either formation of clouds and the oreciporddidon of dew rain and snow are known as condensation (93.1)

[答案] A either改為both，組成both…and詞組來源：考試大

(2) The survival of a forest depends not only on amount of annual rainfall it receives. And also on the seasonal distribution of the rain.

[答案] C and改為but，組成not only…but also 詞組

(3) Lucretia Mott. influence was too significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United State. (91.1)

[答案] A too改為so,組成so…that結構。來源：考試大

(4) The gorilla, not as curious than the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem. (90.5)

[答案] B than改為as， 組成not as…as 結構。

(5) Some linguious believe that the earliest languages were no less complex as modern languages (94.5)

[答案] D as 改為than,組成“比較級…than”的句型。來源：考試大

(6) Whether as statesman, scientist, and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin was destined to gain lasting honor throughout much of the world. (92.5)

[答案] A and改為or，組成whether…or的結構。來源：考試大

(7) Meadowlarks are about the same size than robins, they have heavier bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills. (89.5)

[答案] B than改為as，組成the same…as的結構。來源：考試大

(8) Nature not only gave the Middle Atlantic fine harbors, however endowed it with a first-class system of inland waterways. (91.1)

[答案] C however 改為but also,組成not only…but also結構。

托福語法指導-從屬連詞及真題要點解析

復合句是TOEEL考題的基本句子結構，因而連接主句和從句的連接詞就成為重要的命題焦點。TOEEL?？嫉膹膶龠B詞分三類：(1)關系代詞( that, which ,what who. Whose) (2) 關系副詞(where when why how) (3) 狀語從句連接詞 (where, when, if, though, because…) 有關從屬連詞的試題大部分集中在Structure (1-15題中) 掌握命題規(guī)律，這類題目并不復雜。從屬連詞?？碱}型及解題要點

1. 主句與從句之間必須有從屬連詞來源：考試大

全真例題分析

(1)The spiral threads of a spider. web have a sticky substance on them ------- insects.

(A) traps

(B) trap its來源：考試大

(C) which traps

(D) which it traps (92.1)

[答案] C 定語從句關系代詞which引導從句，且在從句中作主語。

(2)Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ------- higher plants can survive.

(A) there來源：考試大

(B) wherever

(C) somewhere

(D) then (92.5)

[答案] B 空格前后為兩個完整的句子，這里應填入連接詞聯(lián)系主從兩句。四個選擇只有wherever是連詞，引導地點狀語從句。

(3)Duke Wellington was a composer. Conductor, and pianist ------ ranked as one of the greatest of all jazz figures.

(A) him

(B) although來源：考試大

(C) or

(D) who (92.10)

[答案] D 關系代詞who引導定語從句，并作從句的主語。

(4)-------. Some of the Earth. interior heat escapes to the surface.

(A) A volcano erupts

(B) A volcano whether erupts

(C) A volcano erupts it

(D) If a volcano erupts (93.5)

[答案] D 從屬連詞引導條件狀語從句。來源：考試大

2. 關系代詞 who與which混淆錯用來源：考試大

解題要點：在written Expression (16-40題)中的四個選擇答案中出現(xiàn)who 或者which，應確認它所指代的是人還是物。

全直例題分析來源：考試大

(1)Fossil remains indicate that squidlike creatures called belemnites swam in the sea who covered the North American continent 70 million years ago. (94.5)

[答案] C 關系代詞who指代的是sea，因此應用指物的which或that。

(2)Vaccines for some rare diseases are given only to persons which risk exposure to the disease. (93.1)

[答案] B 關系代詞which指代前面的persons，應改為人稱關系代詞who。

(3)Anne Elizabeth McDowell is best remembered for a weekly journal, the Woman. Advocate, who she launched in January 1855. (91.8)

[答案] D 關系代詞who指代雜志the woman. Advocate,故應改為which。

(4) The attorney general of the United States advises the President on any questions of law who may arise in the conduct of administrative affairs. (90.10)

[答案] B 關系代詞who指代前文的questions of law，故應改為which或that。

3. 介詞+關系代詞which結構來源：考試大

解題要點 介詞+which作用相當于一個關系副詞，在從句作狀語?？杀硎緯r間(=when) ,地點(= where) ，原因(=why)等等。

全真例題分析來源：考試大

(1) In reorganizing the curriculum of Mt. Holyoke College in the late 1800. Elizabeth Mead laid the foundation ------- the modern college rests.

(A) is which

(B) on which來源：考試大

(C) which is on

(D) on it (91.1)

[答案] B on which 指代on the foundation ，作用相當于一個表示地點的關系副詞。

(2) A circuit may be defined as a closed path ------- electricity can How.

(A) through it

(B) through which

(C) that is through來源：考試大

(D) there goes through (93.3)

[答案] B through which 指代through the circuit, 作用相當于一個關系副詞，而介詞through才能準確地表達句子的含義。

(3) The extent of the harmful effect of locoweeds on animals depends on the soil ------- the plants grow.

(A) which

(B) which in來源：考試大

(C) in which

(D) in (90.5)

[答案] C in which = where

(4) Adhesives, such as glue, tape and gum, vary with the purpose ------- intended.

(A) they were for

(B) for they were來源：考試大

(C) which were they

(D) for which they were (93.10)

[答案] D for which指代for the purpose。

托福語法指導-動詞不定式及動名詞要點解析

動詞不定式和動名詞在TOEEL測試中不算活躍的考題，但出題頻率比較穩(wěn)定，即不頻繁，亦無間斷。命題焦占主要集中在動詞不定式和動名詞的基本功能及正確形式，即(1)不定式to后面接原形動詞，(2)動名詞具有動詞和名詞兩重功能，介詞后面的動詞必須以動名詞形式出現(xiàn)。不定式和動名詞常考題型

1. 不定型工to后面接原形動詞來源：考試大

全真例題分析

(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)

[答案] C 動詞不定型式的標志to后面應接動詞原形see。來源：考試大

(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)

[答案] D to forming應改為to form正確的不定式形式。

(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)

[答案] D動詞不定式to后面只能接原形動詞，不能接名詞。來源：考試大

(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)

[答案] D這是一個非常簡單的動詞不定式錯誤形式的考題。Recing應改為race,與to組成不定式。

2. 動詞不定式作目的狀語來源：考試大

解題要點 不定式結構在句中可以作多種成分，目的狀語則是TOEEL?？嫉降男问?。動詞不定型式作目的狀語的命題主要分布在structure (1-15題)中。

全真例題分析來源：考試大

(1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .

(A) generating

(B) generates來源：考試大

(C) to generate

(D) it is generating

[答案] C 根據(jù)句意及結構，此句固選擇動詞不定式作目的狀語。

(2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.

(A) Creates來源：考試大

(B) Created

(C) The creating of

(D) To create (92.10)來源：考試大

[答案] D 這是典型的不定式作目的狀語的句子。目的狀語放在句首是表示強調(diào)。

(3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.

(A) Saved來源：考試大

(B) Saves

(C) To save

(D) The saving (91.5)

[答案] C 此句與上面例題結構相同。不定式作目的狀語，且放在句首表示強調(diào)。

3. 動名詞的正確用法來源：考試大

解題要點 有關名詞的考題并不很多，但有一個常出現(xiàn)的題型;介詞后面的動詞一定要用動名詞形式，作介詞的賓語。

全真例題分析來源：考試大

(1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)

[答案] C 介詞of后面應接動名詞形式，即of preparing。來源：考試大

(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)

[答案] D 動名原形jamp位于介詞for后面，故應改為動句詞jamping。

(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)

[答案] D 動名詞原形release位于介詞for后面，故應改為動名詞releasing。

(4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)

[答案] C 動詞原形portray應改為動名詞portraying即作前面介詞of的賓語，自身又帶賓語reality。

托福語法指導-平行結構及真題要點解析

1. 含并列連詞and but or的平行結構來源：考試大

解題要點 當上述并列連詞連接兩項或多項對等成分時，這些成分必須同詞性、同形式。特別注意出現(xiàn)三項以上(含三項)的并列成分，多是考試焦點。

全真例題分析來源：考試大

(1) Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or opaque, and it may be colorless or colored (91.5)

[答案] A 并列連詞or連接三項，其中兩項為形容詞translucent與opaque，故(A)應用形容詞transparent與之并列。

(2) At the age of 94. Composer, conductor. Arranger. And acting Eva Jessye led her choral group in the first production of the opera porgy and Bess, written in 1935. (92.1)

[答案] A 并列連詞and連接四項表示身份職業(yè)的名詞，故(A)動名詞應改為actress。

(3) Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as (91.10)

[答案] C 并列連詞or連接四項名詞結構，其中cell 和organ皆為單數(shù)形式，故(C)亦應改為單數(shù)tissue。

(4) Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with Products, alert them to new opportunities, and paving the way for other sales activities (93.1)

[答案] C 并列連詞and連接三項動賓結構，前兩項均為動詞原形，故(C)動名詞亦應改為原形動詞pave.

(5) A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the lengendaiy Loch Ness monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. (93.10)

[答案] D 并列連詞or連接三項成分。前兩項均為名詞，故(D)不應出現(xiàn)句子結構，而應改為名詞tricks與前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。

(6) The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations and plays vital rode in chewing, swallowed and speaking.

[答案] D 并列連詞and連接三個單詞。其中兩項均為動名詞，故(D)亦應改為動名詞swallowing。

來源：考試大

2. 比較級句型要求對比雙方結構對等，比較范圍相當。來源：考試大

全真列題分析來源：考試大

(1) Probably no man had more effcet on the daily lives of most people in the United States ------- Henry Ford. A pioneer in automobile production.

(A) as was

(B) than was

(C) than did

(D) as did (92.8)

[答案] C 比較句型 more…than 要求比較的雙方結構相等。前項是實義動詞的過去時形式had，故選(C)than did與之平行。

(2) The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than -------

(A) there are most other states

(B) most other states which have

(C) most other states have

(D) having most other states (93.10)

[答案] C 這是標準的more…than比較句型。只有(C)的句子結構與相對比的前一項完全一致。

(3) The annual worth of Utah. manufacturing is greater than-------

(A) that of its mining and farming combined來源：考試大

(B) mining and farming combination

(C) that mining and farming combined來源：考試大

(D) of its combination mining and farming (91.8)

[答案] A 此句比較的是utah的年產(chǎn)值(the annual worth) (A)中that即代替了the annual worth，故前后比較的范圍，內(nèi)容一致。

(4) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than-------

(A) the domestic marketer has來源：考試大

(B) the domestic marketer does

(C) those of the domestic marketer

(D) that which has the domestic marketer (91.5)

[答案] C 此句比較的是國際市場研究者與國內(nèi)市場研究者的活動(the activities) 為避免同詞重復，用(C)those來代替前面的名詞the activities ,因而對比雙方比較的范圍是平行相等的。

(5) Fructose is a monosaccharide sugar that is much sweeter -------

(A) than cane sugar does

(B) does cane sugar

(C) cane sugar

(D) than cane sugar (90.5)

[答案] D 此比較句型前半部分主系表結構，后半部不可出現(xiàn)助動詞does(答案A及B)，但可省略系詞，如(D)。