托?？荚囌Z法模擬試題及答案詳解

語法在托福考試中占重要的位置，小編整理了托福語法考試模擬題，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托?？荚囌Z法模擬試題及答案詳解

1. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused by an imbalance of humors in the body.

A. in disease

B. that disease

C. of disease

D. about disease

答案：B 分析：動詞believe 的用法：直接加that引導的賓語從句。這里that為連接adv.，在句中不作任何成分，其后接完整句。

參考譯文：大多數(shù)殖民時期的醫(yī)生認為疾病來源人體內(nèi)不平衡的體液。

2. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City. A. she was the first woman to conduct B. the first woman conductor C. the woman was first conducting D. the woman conducts first

答案：B 分析：缺賓語，答案中只有B，D可以作賓語，但D的語序不對。

參考譯文：1976，Sarah Caldwell成為在第一個在紐約Metropolitan Opera House演出的演奏家

補充： ?？?the first/second/… one to do sth

3. On January 7， 1955， Marian Anderson became _________ to sing a major role at New York City's Metropolitan Opera House.

A. the first African American

B. the first African American was

C. she was the first African American

D. when the first African American

答案：A 分析：缺賓語，C， D都不能作賓語。一句話中只能有一個謂語，而B中有was，句中出現(xiàn)兩個謂語，一定錯。

參考譯文：1955年1月7號，Marian Anderson成為在第一個在紐約Metropolitan Opera House擔任主唱的美籍黑人。

4. Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the United States， _________ when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.

A. and accelerated a phenomenon

B. a phenomenon that accelerated

C. accelerating a phenomenon which，

D. the acceleration of which phenomenon

答案：B 分析：考的是同位語結構，a phenomenon是 the decentralization of cities throughout the United States

的同位語。A中and為conj.，后面應該連接一個完整的句子，但缺主語，錯;C中語序混亂，錯; D中of which作為介詞賓語，后面應該接一個完整句，但只有一個phenomenon主語，句子不完整，錯。

參考譯文：可能戰(zhàn)后最重大的趨勢就是美國城市的分散化，當大規(guī)模高速公路建設項目容許了更大程度的發(fā)展郊區(qū)，這個現(xiàn)象更被促進了。

補充： accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve都可以是vi.不接賓語

5. Ronald Reagan had served two terms as governor of California before _________ President. A. he became B. when becoming C. became D. did he become

答案：A 分析：before為狀語從句引導詞conj，后面一般引導一個完整的句子。B同時出現(xiàn)兩個狀語從句引導詞，錯;C缺主語;D應該為正常語序，選項中使用了倒裝句式，錯。

參考譯文：里根在成為美國總統(tǒng)之前連續(xù)兩屆擔任加州的州長。

6. _________， domesticated grapes grow in clusters， range in color from pale green to black， and contain sugar in varying quantities.

A. Their botanical classification as berries

B. Although their botanical classification as berries

C. Because berries being their botanical classification

D. Classified botanically as berries

答案：D 分析：句子的主語是grapes ， 后面是平行結構grow…， range…， and contain…?？崭窈蟮木渥右淹暾敲纯崭裉幘蛻撌峭徽Z，狀語從句，分詞等修飾成分。A中Their指代不明，而且classification和berries也不相符，錯;B中Although為conj.，后面應該是完整句，錯;C中Because為conj.，后面應該是完整句，錯。 參考譯文：培植的葡萄的植物分類跟漿果是一樣的，它們成串的長在樹上，顏色從灰白色到黑色，并且包含由不同數(shù)量的糖份。

7. The cymbal is ________ in the military band and is also frequently used in modern orchestral music.

A. a basic instrument

B. basic instrument

C. how basic an instrument it is

D. as an instrument is basic

答案：A 分析：instrument可數(shù)，前面應該有限定詞a.and前為一簡單句。

參考譯文：鐃鈸在軍樂隊里是一個基本的樂器，而且還經(jīng)常在現(xiàn)代管弦樂里使用。

8. In instrumentalist philosophy， ideas and knowledge are exclusively functional processes： they are of significance only _________ instrumental in the development of experience.

A. as they are

B. are they

C. there are

D. are

答案：A 分析：兩個謂語需要有一個conj.來連接。一個句子中出現(xiàn)2個謂語且沒有連接詞就一定錯。

參考譯文：在樂器演奏家的哲學里面，思想和知識是專有排外性的功能性的過程。他們的重要意義僅限于在經(jīng)驗發(fā)展的過程中，用于樂器演奏。

9. _________ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen， and most do both.

A. Working fire extinguishers B. Fire extinguishers that work C. Fire extinguishers work D. The work of fire extinguishers

答案：C 分析：空格中缺主謂。A中沒有謂語;B中that多余，因為句中只有一個謂語;D也沒有謂語。 參考譯文：滅火器的通過冷卻或者減少火中的氧氣的方法工作的，大多數(shù)時候兩個方法都會用到。

10. The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people _________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility.

A. to purchase their own automobiles

B. their own to purchase automobiles

C. to their own purchase automobiles

D. own their automobiles to purchase

答案：A 分析：為固定結構enable sb to do sth.

參考譯文：規(guī)模生產(chǎn)方法的產(chǎn)生，使得人們能夠買自己的車，并獲得了空前的靈活性。

托?？荚囌Z法模擬試題及答案詳解

1. Frances Perkins， _________ of the United States cabinet， served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.

A. the first female member

B. was the first female member

C. the first female member who

D. of whom the first female member

答案：A 分析：主語同位語結構。B中多了一個謂語was，因為后面已經(jīng)有一個謂語動詞served， 一個句子中出現(xiàn)2個謂語且沒有連接詞就一定錯; C中who多余，用法也不正確;D中of whom多余，不是定語從句，考的是同位語結構。

參考譯文：Frances Perkins，是美國內(nèi)閣的第一為女性成員，她從1933到1945年在內(nèi)閣擔任勞工部秘書。

2. When _________ to dough and heated， carbon dioxide is released， causing the dough to rise.

A. is added baking powder B. added baking powder is C. is baking powder added D. baking powder is added

答案：D 分析：When為狀語從句引導詞;語序應該為正常語序，A，C錯;B語序混亂，明顯應該用被動形式，而且有固定結構add to.

參考譯文：當把烘烤用粉加到面團里加熱的時候，會釋放出二氧化碳，使得面團漲開。

3. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations， geneticists use the theory of probability.

A. The calculation of

B. To calculate

C. Is calculating

D. Calculated

答案：B 分析：to calculate，這里用不定式表示“目的”，前半句的邏輯主語是geneticists，只有B符合要求;A中只有主語，句子不完整。

參考譯文：遺傳學家運用概率的理論來計算在后代中擁有相似特點個體占有的百分比。

補充： 如同A的形式， 逗號前面就是一個名詞短語， 然而正確的句子里， 名詞短語要么作為主語的同位語， 要么本身是主語， 如11題。 否則就是脫離句子成分， 成為錯誤。

4. Big-band uaaz relies on fixed arrangements， where_______than one instrument playing some of the parts， rather than on improvisation.

A. is more

B. whenever more

C. there is more

D. more

答案：C 分析：where引導狀語從句，后面缺主謂。

參考譯文：大型樂隊爵士依賴于固定的安排，其中演奏相同部分音樂的樂器超過一個，而不是現(xiàn)聲發(fā)揮。

5. Because of _________ diversity， seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists.

A. them

B. so that

C. those

D. their

答案：D 分析：those是泛指，這里應該用their來特指seven separate groupings or divisions of algae. 參考譯文：因為海藻們的不同特性，植物學家把他們分成7個不同的組別或分支。

6. Chromosomes are regarded today as the major carriers of genetic material， _________ of DNA and various types of protein.

A. consisting

B. as to consist

C. consist

D. which consisting

答案：A 分析：分詞作狀語。如果用consist的話，應該用個conj.后面加個完整的句子。

參考譯文：染色體現(xiàn)今被認為是主要的遺傳物質(zhì)攜帶者，這些遺傳物質(zhì)由DNA和各種各樣的蛋白質(zhì)組成。

7. The leopard seal is the only pinniped _________ preys on penguins and other seals. A. that normally B. of which it normally C. normally D. that it normally

答案：A 分析：句中出現(xiàn)is和preys兩個謂語動詞，一定是個復合句;用that引導定語從句，pinniped為先行詞，that后為不完整句。

參考譯文：美洲虎海豹是僅有的捕食企鵝和其他海豹的鰭足類動物。

8. _________ “nova” means new， novas are actually stars that have existed for a long time and suddenly flare into brilliance.

A. That

B. Why

C. Although

D. It is

答案：C 分析：空格后有2個完整句，空格處需要一個conj.

參考譯文：盡管nova意味著新的，但其實新星們是存在了很久而突然閃耀出光輝的恒星。

9. Because Mars is farther from the Sun than _________， Mars takes longer to complete a revolution.

A. Earth is

B. is from Earth

C. what is Earth

D. is it Earth

答案：A 分析：比較結構的對稱性：Mars is farther …… than Earth is，is后省略了from the Sun

參考譯文：因為火星比地球離太陽要遠，火星繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)一圈的時間要比地球長。

10. A social system is _________ of social relations that draws the behavior of its members toward the core values of the group.

A. a complex network

B. how a complex network

C. a complex network and

D. a network that is complex

答案：A 分析：缺賓語。B中的從句只有主語，句子不完整，錯;C中and作為連詞，后面缺謂語，錯;D錯，因為of前應該為名詞。

參考譯文：社會系統(tǒng)就是一個社會關系的復雜網(wǎng)絡，這個網(wǎng)絡里把成員的行為方式向核心價值觀靠攏。

托?？荚囌Z法模擬試題及答案詳解

1. As seen from the Earth at night， _________ planet Jupiter ranks third among the planets and stars in maximum brightness， after Venus and Mars.

A. when the

B. in which the

C. the

D. and the

答案：C

分析：空格后句子完整，此處缺限定詞。

參考譯文：晚上從地球上看去，行星木星在行星恒星最大亮度等級中排名第三，排在金星和火星的后面。

2. _________ produces a crimson glow in a vacuum tube and is used extensively in advertising displays.

A. Neon that

B. When neon

C. Neon

D. There is neon

答案：C

分析：缺主語。A中that多余;B中When多余，D中出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞。

參考譯文：氖能在真空管里釋放出深紅色的光芒，并被廣泛的在廣告顯像里應用。

3. Chaparral consists of _________ stunted by short， wet winters followed by long， dry summers.

A. are trees and shrubs

B. how trees and shrubs

C. trees and shrubs have

D. trees and shrubs

答案：D

分析：of 后接名詞，首先排除A和B.C中有個動詞have， 后半句中有動詞follow， 兩句之間沒有連接詞，一定錯。

參考譯文：叢林由樹和灌木組成，短的、潮濕的冬天和隨后的長的干燥的夏天阻礙了它們的生長。

4. The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 was _________ of United States policy concerning the activities and rights of European powers in North and South America.

A. when a statement

B. as a statement

C. a statement

D. to a statement

答案：C

分析：缺賓語。A，B，D中的when， as， to 多余。

參考譯文：1982年的門羅主義是針對南北美歐洲集權的行為和權利的美國政策的表述。

5. _________ to stand in a warm place， it sours because of the presence of bacteria that convert milk sugar into acid.

A. When milk is allowed

B. When is milk allowed

C. Milk， when allowed

D. When milk allowed

答案：A

分析：B不應該使用倒裝;C：如果是插入語的話，后半句中不應該出現(xiàn)it;D中由句意allow應該使用被動形式。

參考譯文：當牛奶持續(xù)的放在溫暖的地方，細菌的出現(xiàn)把牛奶的糖轉(zhuǎn)化成酸，因此它就發(fā)酸了。

1. While play is important at all levels of human development， _________ takes on particular significance when children are five and six years old.

A. it

B. and

C. which

D. because it

答案：A

分析：缺主語。it 在這里作為形式主語。

參考譯文：比賽對各個層次人的發(fā)展都是重要的，尤其是當小孩5、6歲大的時候，意義重大。

2. During the second and third years of life， children gain _________ over their bodies.

A. control increasing

B. increasing to control

C. control is increasing

D. increasing control

答案：D

分析：缺賓語，而且應該是 adj.修飾名詞，只能選D.

參考譯文：在生長的第二第三年，小孩們對自己的身體控制能力增強了。

3. All brass instruments use a mouthpiece _________ into a long cone-shaped tube.

A. is inserted

B. that inserted

C. that is inserted

D. and inserted

答案：C

分析：that引導一個定語從句，mouthpiece為先行詞。A 出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞，錯;B，D應該用被動;

參考譯文：所有的銅管樂器都用一個放在長錐筒形管里的吹嘴。

4. By the mid-twentieth century， United States presidential staffs， _________ had numbered fewer than ten a century earlier， numbered in the hundreds.

A. as

B. that they

C. which

D. and

答案：C

分析：非限制性定語從句，只有which能引導非限制性定語從句

參考譯文：到20時間中期，美國的總統(tǒng)部官員達到了幾百個，而在一個世紀前，還屈指可數(shù)呢。

5. In 1966 only 60 percent of all five year olds in the United States attended kindergarten， _________ in 1985 almost 82 percent did so.

A. with

B. which

C. whether

D. while

答案：D

分析：整個句子中出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語，缺連接詞。

參考譯文：在1966年，所有5歲的小孩中只有60%的參加了幼兒園，而到1985，幾乎有82%的小孩上幼兒園了。

1. _________ industries， inventions， and communal endeavors of the Shakers， the best known is their fine furniture.

A. Of the many

B. Their many

C. Are the many

D. Many of the

答案：A

分析：倒裝結構。當prep短語位于句首，且謂語動詞為系動詞時，則引起倒裝。

參考譯文：在基督震蕩教徒所參與很多工業(yè)、發(fā)明創(chuàng)造和社區(qū)建設中，最聞名的是他們做的優(yōu)質(zhì)家具了。

2. Most fishes and many reptiles have ribs along most of the spine， but in mammals _________ only in the chest area.

A. they are found

B. finding them

C. in which they are found

D. are found

答案：A

分析：缺主語和謂語。該句不是定語從句。

參考譯文：大多數(shù)魚類和很多爬行動物沿著大部分脊柱都長有肋骨，但哺乳動物的肋骨只長在胸部位置。

3. Although the habitat of the American beech tree is now confined to the eastern United States and southeastern Canada， _________ extended as far west as California.

A. where it once

B. once

C. it once

D. and once

答案：C

分析：缺主語。A，D中的where， and 多余。

參考譯文：盡管美國山毛櫸樹的生長地現(xiàn)在只限制在美東和加拿大東南部的狹窄地帶，它曾經(jīng)都延伸向西生長遠到加州的地方。

4. Most of North America receives _________ some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.

A. moisture to sustain sufficient

B. sufficient moisture to sustain

C. to sustain sufficient moisture

D. sufficient to sustain moisture

答案：B

分析：缺賓語。其中形容詞修飾名詞，不定式表“目的”。A，C，D語序混亂。

參考譯文：除了干旱和半干旱的西南地區(qū)，大部分北美地區(qū)通過吸收充足的潮濕而保持一些連續(xù)植被的形式。