托福閱讀略讀方式

為了讓大家更好的準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚕【幗o大家整理了托?？荚囬喿x技巧,下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀略讀方式

在做托福閱讀題的時(shí)候，不能把文章統(tǒng)統(tǒng)讀一遍，那樣的話時(shí)間是不夠的，托福閱讀文章要學(xué)會(huì)略讀，我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的閱讀練習(xí)當(dāng)中就應(yīng)該掌握如何略讀。托福閱讀文章略讀這個(gè)技巧的掌握需要不斷地練習(xí)和有意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)。

1托福閱讀略讀的特點(diǎn)A.以極快的速度閱讀文章，尋找字面上或事實(shí)上的主要信息和少量的闡述信息。B.可以跳過(guò)某個(gè)部分或某些部分不讀。C.理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。

2托福閱讀略讀的技巧A.要利用印刷細(xì)節(jié)(typogr瞢鈹庫(kù)禰aphical details)，如文章的標(biāo)題、副番舸榆毛標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題、斜體詞、黑體詞、腳注、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)略讀(preview skimming)。預(yù)測(cè)略讀要了解作者的思路、文章方式(模式)，以便把握大意，有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)及其相互關(guān)系。B.以一般閱讀速度(200～250wpm)閱讀文章開(kāi)頭的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意，背景情況，作者的文章風(fēng)格，口吻或語(yǔ)氣等。C.閱讀段落的主題句和結(jié)論句。抓住主題句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去細(xì)節(jié)不讀，以求得略讀速度，這一點(diǎn)是托福快速閱讀技巧要抓住的最重要的一點(diǎn)。D.注意轉(zhuǎn)折詞和序列詞。轉(zhuǎn)折詞如however，moreover，in addition等;序列詞如firstly，secondly等。

托福閱讀答題技巧

托福閱讀考試是比較難的，大家在備考的時(shí)候一定要針對(duì)歷年的托福閱讀真題做一下了解和訓(xùn)練，了解一些關(guān)于托福閱讀評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相關(guān)信息，在練習(xí)的過(guò)程中總結(jié)一些有針對(duì)性的托福閱讀技巧。下面小編為大家整理了關(guān)于托福閱讀答題有什么好的技巧的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，供大家參考?！　?.擴(kuò)大托福詞匯量　　從某種意義上來(lái)講，詞匯量的大小是TOEFL閱讀理解高分的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵。如果詞匯量沒(méi)有達(dá)到基本要求(五千以上)，縱然你有"葵花寶典"在手，也只能命喪ETS的“毒招”之下。所以，以犧牲詞匯量為代價(jià)的技巧練習(xí)簡(jiǎn)直是一味巨毒無(wú)比的“五毒散”。　　2.通過(guò)練習(xí)使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成高效的閱讀方法--即所謂的托福閱讀技巧　　TOEFL的閱讀量非常大，一般的中國(guó)考生根本無(wú)法把文章全部讀完，所謂的“掃讀法”、“跳讀法”和“略讀法”也只能適用于少數(shù)類型的文章，根本不能解決本質(zhì)問(wèn)題。那么，文章到底應(yīng)該怎么讀法呢?一句話，主動(dòng)地閱讀文章的關(guān)鍵部位。所謂主動(dòng)是指不能象一般的閱讀那樣完全被動(dòng)地接受信息，而應(yīng)該不斷的進(jìn)行思考和預(yù)測(cè);所謂關(guān)鍵部位，主要是每一段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾部分。由于TOEFL的閱讀理解文章全部選自于正式出版物，文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)非常完整和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，而且出現(xiàn)的邏輯模式也是屈指可數(shù)。經(jīng)過(guò)系統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練，考生的預(yù)測(cè)可以做到非常準(zhǔn)確的程度。這樣，通過(guò)閱讀文章的幾處關(guān)鍵部位，就能很快地把握整個(gè)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，也就解決了問(wèn)題的70%?！　?.解題訓(xùn)練　　排除法恐怕是一直以來(lái)大多數(shù)學(xué)生在解閱讀理題目時(shí)使用最多的方法。事實(shí)上，這種方法具有致命的缺點(diǎn)：干擾大、費(fèi)時(shí)間。更有效和迅速的辦法是讀完題干之后，就在腦子反映出一個(gè)模糊的或者是不完整的答案，然后直接在選項(xiàng)中尋找接近的答案進(jìn)行判斷。這種能力必須在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練和講解中逐漸養(yǎng)成和加強(qiáng)，決非什么技巧之類的東西可以替代。　　除了上述三方面的訓(xùn)練之外，如果能夠?qū)σ恍┗镜谋尘爸R(shí)加以補(bǔ)充的話，更能確保閱讀理解的準(zhǔn)確率和速度?！　∫陨暇褪墙裉煨【帪榇蠹曳窒淼耐懈ｉ喿x答題有哪些較好的技巧的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望對(duì)參加托?？荚嚨目忌兴鶐椭?。

托福閱讀否定信息題做題技巧

否定事實(shí)信息題，又叫選非題或取非題，與事實(shí)信息題相對(duì)。事實(shí)信息題是問(wèn)關(guān)于某個(gè)具體的信息或細(xì)節(jié)哪一項(xiàng)敘述是正確的，而否定事實(shí)信息題是問(wèn)哪一項(xiàng)是不正確的。兩者的解題思路大致相同，都是根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行定位，再來(lái)對(duì)照選項(xiàng)，只不過(guò)事實(shí)信息題的答案是與原文相符的選項(xiàng)，而否定事實(shí)信息題的答案是與原文不符的選項(xiàng)。否定事實(shí)信息題正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)是：與原文不符或原文沒(méi)有提到。事實(shí)信息題的解題技巧，如轉(zhuǎn)化，定位轉(zhuǎn)移等，同樣適用于否定事實(shí)信息題。

否定事實(shí)信息題的正確選項(xiàng)在文中出現(xiàn)的方式有集中列舉和分散出現(xiàn)兩種情況。對(duì)于分散出現(xiàn)的情況，我們考慮用選項(xiàng)定位。下面舉幾個(gè)具體的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明這兩種情況的解法。

(一) 集中列舉

7. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 3 as required for successful colonization of the Pacific islands EXCEPT

knowledge of various Austronesian languages

a variety of fishing techniques

navigational skills

knowledge of plant cultivation

Paragraph 3: The basic cultural requirements for the successful colonization of the Pacific islands include the appropriate boat-building, sailing, and navigation skills to get to the islands in the first place, domesticated plants and gardening skills suited to often marginal conditions, and a varied inventory of fishing implements and techniques.

這一題問(wèn)第三段沒(méi)有提到以下哪一項(xiàng)成功殖民太平洋島所需要的條件。用successful colonization定位到文中上面這句話，說(shuō)成功殖民太平洋的條件包括造船和航海能力，植物培育能力以及漁具和捕魚(yú)技術(shù)。這三個(gè)條件分別對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)BCD，都排除，A就是正確答案。

(二) 分散出現(xiàn)

1. According to paragraph 1, all of the following are true statements about Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia EXCEPT:

Collectively, these regions are traditionally known as Oceania.

These islands of Micronesia are small and spread out.

Hawaii, Easter Island, and New Zealand mark the boundaries of Polynesia.

Melanesia is situated to the north of Micronesia.

原文：

Paragraph1: The greater Pacific region, traditionally called Oceania, consists of three cultural areas: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Melanesia, in the southwest Pacific, contains the large islands of New Guinea, the Solomons, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia. Micronesia, the area north of Melanesia, consists primarily of small scattered islands. Polynesia is the central Pacific area in the great triangle defined by Hawaii, Easter Island, and New Zealand. Before the arrival of Europeans, the islands in the two largest cultural areas, Polynesia and Micronesia, together contained a population estimated at 700,000.

這一題問(wèn)關(guān)于Me，Mi和Po的敘述以下哪一項(xiàng)敘述是不正確的。用Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)這幾個(gè)地方，不好定位。所以我們用選項(xiàng)定位，選項(xiàng)定位時(shí)優(yōu)先考慮有共同關(guān)鍵詞的多個(gè)選項(xiàng)，以便在同一個(gè)位置確定更多的選項(xiàng)。發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)BD都出現(xiàn)了Mi這個(gè)地方，所以先用Mi定位，定位到第一句話說(shuō)太平洋區(qū)域是由Me，Mi，Po這三個(gè)地方構(gòu)成的，選項(xiàng)BD沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)相關(guān)信息。第三句話再次出現(xiàn)Mi，說(shuō)Mi位于Me的北邊，由分散的小島構(gòu)成，B說(shuō)Mi的島嶼小而分散，是正確的，D說(shuō)Me位于Mi的北邊，與原文相反，所以是錯(cuò)誤的，就是我們的正確答案。

講解托福閱讀否定信息題解題技巧

首先由朗閣托福培訓(xùn)中心來(lái)介紹一下否定信息題，Negative Factual Information questions。這種題型的提問(wèn)方式一般為：

According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true of X?

The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT ?

在解答這種題目的時(shí)候首先要注意的是避免慣性思維的影響。在前面講過(guò)的所有題目當(dāng)中，或者是平時(shí)大家的做題習(xí)慣當(dāng)中，我們都是看到與原文相符或者和原文一樣的選項(xiàng)就選，但是到了這個(gè)題目，需要選擇不屬于題干內(nèi)容或者與原文相反的選項(xiàng)，這是需要注意的一點(diǎn)。

一般這種題目的定位范圍都在原文的某一個(gè)或者兩個(gè)自然段，所以第一步需要的就是根據(jù)題目大定位到某個(gè)自然段，然后根據(jù)選項(xiàng)特征對(duì)應(yīng)原文進(jìn)行選題。我們來(lái)看一個(gè)例題：

Paragraph 7: The Cognitive Approach. Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice. For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.

Paragraph 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings, inturn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people's motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people's motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not.

9. According to the cognitive approach described in paragraphs 7 and 8, all of the following may influence the decision whether to act aggressively EXCEPT a person's

○ Moral values

○ Previous experiences with aggression

○ Instinct to avoid aggression

○ Beliefs about other people's intentions

這道題目的定位范圍是兩個(gè)自然段，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中有三個(gè)會(huì)the decision whether to act aggressively，有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)不會(huì)“影響一個(gè)人決定是否要表現(xiàn)的具有侵略性”，我們要選擇這個(gè)選項(xiàng)。首先，在第七自然段的第二句“Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice.”中就提到moral values，對(duì)應(yīng)A 選項(xiàng)。其次，在第八自然段中，第四句“People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people's motives.” 中提到兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)， 一個(gè)是“their experiences with aggression”對(duì)應(yīng)B 選項(xiàng)，另外一個(gè)是“interpretation of other people's motives”對(duì)應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)。只有C 選項(xiàng)的instinct 沒(méi)有提到，這道題目選擇C 選項(xiàng)。