高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)精選5篇

傅維1147由分享時(shí)間：2020-08-29 20:39:54

高二變化的大背景，便是文理分科(或七選三)。在對(duì)各個(gè)學(xué)科都有了初步了解后，學(xué)生們需要對(duì)自己未來(lái)的發(fā)展科目有所選擇、有所側(cè)重。這可謂是學(xué)生們第一次完全自己把握、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)未知的主動(dòng)選擇。下面就是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助！

高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)1

省略在句子中的應(yīng)用

在一個(gè)句子中，省略可分為依賴(lài)上下文省略和不依賴(lài)上下文省略?xún)煞N。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。

1.簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略

依賴(lài)上下文的省略在對(duì)話(huà)中最為常用。

Like more beer?(= Would you like more beer?)

—World you mind if I used your telephone?

—Not at all. 一點(diǎn)也不。

(= I do not mind at all.)

—Will he pass this examination?

Probably. 大概會(huì)的。(= He will probably pass the examination.)

不依賴(lài)于上下文的省略。

All aboard! 請(qǐng)上船(= All go aboard.省略謂語(yǔ))

Haven't seen you for ages!(省略主語(yǔ) I)

What about having a game of chess?

Sounds like a good idea.

2.并列句中的省略

(=It sounds like a good idea. 省略主語(yǔ))

Everybody appears well prepared.

(= Everybady appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式 to be)

并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常?？梢允÷缘?，以避免重復(fù)。通常被省略的可以是主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或其他萬(wàn)分，或句子萬(wàn)分的一部分。

省略出現(xiàn)在后一分句

John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music.(省略主語(yǔ))

省略出現(xiàn)在前一分句

We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will,win tomorrow's match.

我們能夠，而且一定會(huì)在明天的比賽中獲勝。(前一分句省略謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ))

前后兩個(gè)分句都出現(xiàn)省略

They can (pay the full fee ) and (they)should pay the full fee.

復(fù)合句中的省略

在主從復(fù)合句中，活力的現(xiàn)象是很普遍的。

省略主句的句首部分。(I'm)Sorry I couldn't go.

省略整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分(回答問(wèn)題時(shí)常用)。

(It is a)Pity he's failed.

If he says he'll come, he will(come).

3.在一些狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 be，主語(yǔ)又和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，或者主語(yǔ)是 it，常?？梢园褟木渲械闹髡Z(yǔ)和 be 省略掉。

以 when, while, once, until 等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does.入國(guó)問(wèn)禁，入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

4.在比較從句中通常把和主句重復(fù)的部分省掉。

省略謂語(yǔ)的全部

James enjoys the theeartre more than Susun.

Tom has as many books as Jack.

省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一部分

Brown speaks French as fluently as English. (as 后省略了 he speaks)省略表語(yǔ)部分

Mrs White is not so young as she looks.(looks 后省略了 young)

省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的大部分，保留狀語(yǔ)

He is working harder than before.(than 后省略了 he worked hard)

省略主語(yǔ)

He drank a little more than was good for him.(than 后省略了 it)省略賓語(yǔ)

You spent more money than I had expected.(expected 后省略了that you should spend)

省略從句的全部

You are getting slimmer. simmer 后省略了than you were before)

主句和從句中可同時(shí)省略一些成分。

The sooner (this is done), the better(it will be).

高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)2

Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，其等同于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。vt過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與主句主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)和完成，vi過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成。

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

1作原因狀語(yǔ)，等于as/since/because引導(dǎo)從句

Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

2作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，等于when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句，如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，可在分詞前加when/while/until等使時(shí)間意義更明確。

Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

3作條件狀語(yǔ)等于if/whether引導(dǎo)從句

Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

4作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)

Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

5作讓步狀語(yǔ)

Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

6獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是主句主語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。常用來(lái)表示伴隨情況。

Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

Rewritewithproperconjunctions

Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

Ifweweregivenmoretime,

4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.

OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,

5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.

Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,

6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.

Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,

高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)3

1.English is a widely used language.

2.He threw away the broken cup.

3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s.

4.Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.

單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的前面;

過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的后面。

spoken English

= English which is spoken

terrified people

= the people who are terrified

an organized way

= a way that is organized

affected area 災(zāi)區(qū)

= the area which is affected

stolen culture relics

= culture relics that had been stolen

the book recommended by the teacher

= the book which was recommended by the teacher

printed articles

= articles that are printed

1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. 定語(yǔ)

2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street. 定語(yǔ)

3) He got interested in the two theories. 表語(yǔ)

4) Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood 表語(yǔ)

Past Participle as the Attribute定語(yǔ) Past Participle as the Predicative表語(yǔ)

1.terrified people1.people who are terrified

2.reserved seats2.seats that are reserved

3.polluted water3.water that is polluted

4.a crowded room4.a room that is crowded

5.a pleased winner5.a winner that is pleased

6. Astonished children6.children who look astonished

7.a broken vase 7.a vase that is broken

8.a closed door8.a door that is closed

9.the tired audience9.the audience who feel tired

10.a trapped animal10.an animal that is trapped

There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

= There are many leaves which had fallen on the ground. (地上有許多落葉)

Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.

= Some of them , who had been born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.

(他們中的一些人，在農(nóng)村出生并長(zhǎng)大，從沒(méi)去過(guò)北京)

及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示結(jié)束了的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或者沒(méi)有一定的時(shí)間性,只表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

polluted water

= water which is polluted

reserved seats

= the seats which were reserved

trapped animal

= the animal which was trapped

不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不表被動(dòng)，只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，含有動(dòng)作完成，動(dòng)作結(jié)束之含義。

boiled water

= water which has boiled

fallen leaves

= the leaves which have fallen

risen sun

= the sun which has risen

過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)也可用作非限制性定語(yǔ)，前后用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

The books, written by Guo Jingming, are very popular with teenagers. 這些書(shū)是郭敬明寫(xiě)的，深受青少年的喜愛(ài)。

Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. 他們中的一些人，在農(nóng)村出生并長(zhǎng)大，從沒(méi)過(guò)北京.

The book _written by the farmer (一本農(nóng)民寫(xiě)的書(shū)) is very popular.

The building built last year (去年建的樓房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.

The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday (在昨天會(huì)議上討論的) was very difficult to solve.

The window broken by that naughty boy被那個(gè)頑皮男孩打破的) is being repaired.

The children examined in the hospital yesterday昨天在醫(yī)院檢查的) were seriously ill.

The people exposed to the sun (暴露在陽(yáng)光下的) got sunburnt.

The boy punished severely by the teacher (受到老師嚴(yán)厲懲罰的) is now a college student.

The water delivered to his home (送到他家的水) carried disease.

The English today is quite different from the English spoken in the past 300 years (300年前所說(shuō)的).

Most of the artists invited to the party (被邀請(qǐng)去參加聚會(huì)的) were from South Africa.

The students inspired by the teacher (受到老師鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before.

The Olympic Games, __A_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.

A. first played B. to be first played

C. first playing D. to be first playing

①過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)與其修飾詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作已完成。

②現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，與修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系。

③不定式作定語(yǔ)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.

Consolidation 鞏固

1. Prices of daily goods ____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought B. bought

C. been bought D. buying

2. With a lot of different problems ____,

the newly-elected president is having

a hard time.

A. settled B. settling

C. to settle D. being settled

3. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge.

A. being known B. having been known

C. to be known D. known

4. When I got back, I saw a message ____ to the door____ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”

A. pin, read B. pinning, reading

C. pinned, reading D. pinned, read

2)作表語(yǔ) 表示主語(yǔ)的心理感覺(jué)或所處的狀態(tài)。許多動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞已經(jīng)被當(dāng)作形容詞使用。如：disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。

The window is broken. 窗戶(hù)碎了。

Don’t get so excited. 別這么激動(dòng)。

1.用作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。

2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞意味很強(qiáng),句子主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟by短語(yǔ)。

① The glass is broken.

The glass was broken by Tom.

② The windows are closed.

The windows are closed by Jack.

3.表示“感覺(jué)流露”的一些過(guò)去分詞(如:interested,

surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些過(guò)去分詞(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表語(yǔ),表示狀態(tài).其中有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無(wú)被動(dòng)意味。

① How did the audience receive the new play?

They got very excited.