高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納5篇分享

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高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)1

【一般過(guò)去時(shí)】

1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的定義

一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)候或某一段時(shí)間所發(fā)生了的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。常與過(guò)去時(shí)間yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past連用。如：

What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?

I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我會(huì)到了林濤。

I was there a moment ago. 剛才我在那兒。

2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的應(yīng)用

(1) 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：

Liu Ying was in America last year. 劉英去年在美國(guó)。

Jim rang you just now. 吉姆剛才給你打了電話(huà)。

(2) 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常接時(shí)間副詞often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如：

We often went out for a walk after supper. 我們過(guò)去常在晚飯后散步。

We usually played together. 我們通常一起玩。

3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的要求

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一般過(guò)去時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種形式，不規(guī)則變化通常需要逐個(gè)記憶，規(guī)則變化則遵循以下原則：

(1) 一般在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.

(2) 在以字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

(3) 在以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，則改y為i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.

(4) 在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞后，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.

4. 特別說(shuō)明

有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后接不定式的完成時(shí);或它們的過(guò)去完成時(shí)接不定式的一般式，都可表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望。如：

I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他來(lái)邀請(qǐng)我參加他的婚禮。

I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算參加他們的比賽。

高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)2

【詞語(yǔ)】

1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 給予傷員的急救。

短語(yǔ)聯(lián)想

give/offer aid 援助 come to sb's aid 幫助某人

teaching aids 教具 medical aid 醫(yī)療救護(hù)

with the aid of 借助于

get injured 受傷，在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中大量地出現(xiàn)了由“get + 及物動(dòng)詞不達(dá)意的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這叫 get - 型被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。又如：

The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving.

My bike is getting (is being)repaired row.

2. Protect 動(dòng)詞，“保護(hù)、維護(hù)”，用于句式“protect + 名詞 + against/from + 名詞”。

e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.

【短語(yǔ)聯(lián)想】

? Keep... from... 不讓/避免

? stop... (from) ... 阻止

? prevent...(from) ... 妨礙/防止

?disable... from... 使……失去(能力/資格)

?save... from... 挽救、拯救

3.depend on 取決于。

e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live.詞義拓展

depend on 依靠，依賴(lài)：His family depends on him. 他的一家人全靠他養(yǎng)活。

依賴(lài)，信任：We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday.

4. squeeze 動(dòng)詞，意思是“榨取”、“擠出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子

squeeze + 名詞 + out(of/from) + 名詞，

e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him.

5. hurt 既可作及物動(dòng)詞，作“傷害”、“使受傷”解，也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表達(dá)身體的受傷，也可以表達(dá)情感的傷害。例如：

e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself.

The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司機(jī)在事故中受了傷。

6. unless 除非……;如果不……。如：

7. icy adj. 冰涼的

-y 是個(gè)形容詞后綴。如：

windy 有風(fēng)的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy 困倦的

greeny 略呈綠色 spicy 辛辣的 woody 樹(shù)木茂密的

thirsty 饑渴的 dirty 臟的 snowy 下雪的

8. in place 放在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?。如?/p>

e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place. 圖書(shū)管理員把還回的圖書(shū)放到原處。

Yon'd better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.

9. sense n. 感覺(jué)

?sense of touch 觸覺(jué) sense of sight 視覺(jué)

? sense of hearing 聽(tīng)覺(jué) sense of smell 嗅覺(jué)

? sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感

?ense of hunger 饑餓感 the sixth sense 第六感

10. variety n. 多樣, 種類(lèi),

★ a variety of… 各種各樣……

【詞語(yǔ)聯(lián)想】

various a. 不同的, 各種的, 多方面的, 許多的

e.g. Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.

高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)3

一、過(guò)去分詞

過(guò)去分詞兼有動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，可以帶賓語(yǔ)或受狀語(yǔ)修飾。過(guò)去分詞和賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)。它在句中可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。這節(jié)課講解作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的用法。

1. 作定語(yǔ)

作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞如果是單詞，一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：

There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

This is a book written by a worker.

2. 作表語(yǔ)

過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),多表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。

I was pleased at the news.

The door remained locked.

過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常見(jiàn)的有：delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。

過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn);被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。

The small village is surrounded by trees.(狀態(tài))

The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(動(dòng)作)

I'm interested in chess.(狀態(tài))

3. 過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)

①表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

②表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.

Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

③表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞前可用 if 等詞

Heated, water changes into steam.

Given another chance, he will do better.

④表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

⑤表伴隨，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。

Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.

The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.

高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)4

characteristic n. 特征;特性 radium n. 鐳

painter n. 畫(huà)家;油漆匠

put forward 提出

scientific adj. 科學(xué)的

conclude v.結(jié)束

conclusion n.結(jié)論

draw a conclusion得出結(jié)論

analyse v.分析

infect v.傳染

infections v.傳染的

cholera adj.霍亂

defeat v. 打敗

expert adj.熟練的

attend v.照顧

physician n.醫(yī)生

expose.暴露

expose...to使顯露

deadly adj.致命的

cure n.治愈

outbreak n.爆發(fā)

challenge n.挑戰(zhàn)

victim n.受害者

absorb v.吸收

suspect v.懷疑

enquiry n.詢(xún)問(wèn)

neighborhood n.附近

severe adj.嚴(yán)重的

clue n.線(xiàn)索

pump n.泵

Cambridge Street劍橋大街

foresee v.預(yù)見(jiàn)

investigate v.調(diào)查

investigation n.調(diào)查

blame v.責(zé)備

pollute v.污染

handle n. 柄

germ n.微生物

link.連接

link...to... 將…和…聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái) announce n.宣布

certainty n.確信

instruct v.命令

responsible adj.有責(zé)任的

construct v.建設(shè)

construction n.建設(shè)

contribute v.捐獻(xiàn)

apart from 除……之外

firework n.煙火

chart n.圖表

creative adj.有創(chuàng)造力的

co-operative adj.合作的

positive adj.積極的

(be) strict with...對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的

Nicolas Copernicus尼古拉.哥白尼 revolutionary adj.革命的

movement n.移動(dòng)

make sense講得通

backward adj.向后的

loop n.圈

privately adv.私下的

spin v.(使)旋轉(zhuǎn)

brightness n.明亮

enthusiastic adj.熱情的

cautious adj.小心的

reject v.拒絕

universe n.宇宙

高二英語(yǔ)必修五知識(shí)點(diǎn)5

一、重點(diǎn)詞匯總結(jié)

1. impression n. 印記;印象;感想;后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 從句; My first impression of him was favorable.他給我的第一印象非常討人喜歡。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 他們給我的印象是他們對(duì)這個(gè)情形不是很開(kāi)心。

知識(shí)拓展：impress v.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記;使感動(dòng);常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她記得我的名字。

2. remind v.提醒;使想起;常用結(jié)構(gòu)有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-從句提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意識(shí)到……;提醒某人某事 I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很抱歉，我忘記你叫什么名字了，你能提醒一下嗎?

You remind me of your father when you say that. 說(shuō)到那的時(shí)候，我想起了你的父親。

知識(shí)拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回憶的事物

3. constantly adv.始終;一直;重復(fù)不斷地 Fashion is constantly changing.時(shí)尚總是日新月異。知識(shí)拓展：constant adj.連續(xù)發(fā)生的;不斷的;重復(fù)的;

4. previous adj.先前的;以往的;(時(shí)間上)稍前的;

No previous experience is necessary for this job. 以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)這項(xiàng)工作不是很有必要。

I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.我聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息的時(shí)候，我覺(jué)得簡(jiǎn)直令人那以置信。

I had only seen him the previous day. 我只在幾天前見(jiàn)到過(guò)他。

知識(shí)拓展：previously adv. 先前的;早先

The building had previously been used as a hotel.這棟建筑早些時(shí)候被用作旅館。

5. bend v.(bent bent)彎曲;使彎曲;彎腰;彎身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts

to sth. 致力于某事 bend sb.to sth. 迫使;說(shuō)服 bend the truth 歪曲事實(shí) It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把鐵棒弄彎很不容易。

She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下頭吻了她的女兒。

6. press v. 壓;按;推;擠;堅(jiān)持;敦促 n. 報(bào)章雜志，新聞工作者，新聞界 She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手絹捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油門(mén)踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他仍堅(jiān)持索賠。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭審謝絕新聞采訪(fǎng)。

7. switch n. & v. 用作名詞表示“開(kāi)關(guān);轉(zhuǎn)換”。用作動(dòng)詞表示“轉(zhuǎn)換”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 她生第一個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候調(diào)整了工作，把全職工作轉(zhuǎn)換成了兼職工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按這兩個(gè)鍵來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換屏幕上的文件。

I can't work next week, will you switch with me? 下周我不想上班，你能和我換一下班。

8. lack n. & v. 用作名詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作動(dòng)詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺;沒(méi)有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金錢(qián)/技能

The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因?yàn)槿狈εd趣這次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。

知識(shí)拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏;沒(méi)有;匱乏;不足

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