托福綜合寫作備考建議
托福綜合寫作是托福寫作中的第一項，綜合寫作的難點在于它將閱讀、寫作和聽力融合在一起，所以備考過程中不僅要提高寫作能力，還要提高聽力和閱讀能力。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈＞C合寫作備考：3點建議助你備考更輕松,希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來學習吧。
托福綜合寫作備考：3點建議助你備考更輕松
一.快速閱讀，記錄關鍵信息
英美人寫文章的總體邏輯可以概括為總分或總分總。而托福綜合寫作的閱讀材料多為前者布局，且多為四段式(首段總起，三段分別展開)。
首段主要用來提供背景信息或者提出話題，(注意：閱讀和聽力是同一個話題，極少考到觀點相互補，多為觀點相對立。)而作者的立場或論點多位于首段的最后一句，聰明的考生會把注意力多集中于首段的尾句，確定作者的立論點，從而對于下一階段的聽力大致話題和論述做到心中有底。
隨后的段落即展開給出作者之所以立論的三個分論點或論據，在單個的段落當中，又遵循了西方人慣有的總分模式，單個段落的首句多為topic sentence，考生可以只關注三個段落的首句以快速獲取段落主要內容，從而避免全文通讀速度不夠而導致的來不及看完閱讀。
二.記下說話人的觀點和論點
聽力環(huán)節(jié)的筆記很重要，是決定綜合寫作能否順利完成的關鍵因素。沒有經過訓練或者疏于練習的同學會對于該記什么無從下手，結果就是筆記做了，自己看不懂，或者筆記太過凌亂，毫無可利用性。
要知道聽力該記什么怎么記，此時應當牢記心里的仍然是西方人的邏輯性?！翱偡帧北砻髁嗽诼犃Φ拈_始段是表明說話者立場和論點的，那么按照我們之前分析的，閱讀和聽力必然是同主題，所以聽力開始時候大家不必忙著亂記一通，事實上，什么都不用寫，鎮(zhèn)定情緒，聽清說話者的立場即可。
接著，和閱讀中相似，說話者會從三個方面闡述支持自己的觀點，很多情況下，這三點和閱讀中的三點是剛好契合，一一對應的。但聽力三方面的分論據往往是從閱讀中無法推斷的，所以分論點及論據是需要同學進行筆記的，應當記的是key words，切忌洋洋灑灑想記全一句話，最后自己也難以讀懂。
三.提高記憶力，擴充記憶容量
各位考生不妨觀察一下自己抄寫英文句子的情況。大多數未經訓練的第二語言學習者很可能都是每寫下一個詞就要回去重新讀一次才能繼續(xù)抄下去--有的時候甚至可能需要每寫一個字母就要返回文本重看一眼才能繼續(xù)。這說明此人的記憶容量只能容納一個詞(或者甚至連一個詞都容納不了)。記憶容量大的人理解文本更為容易，又因為能夠理解所以記憶文本更加容易，進而又因為能夠記得住而聯系上下文更為輕松，而記憶容量過小的人基本上連看完一篇文章都非常吃力。不過，只要稍加訓練，記憶容量就會擴充至足夠用的地步。迅速將自己的英文記憶容量提高到“夠用”的地步，最好的方法就是通過“跟讀”、“朗讀”訓練平日積累。因為朗讀可以非常有效而又迅速地提高文字理解能力。這很關鍵，記不住的最重要原因并非"記憶力差"--無論記憶力多好，都很難記住無法理解、無法關聯的信息--聽得懂才容易記得住。
托?？荚囎魑莫毩懽鞣段模喊崛バ碌胤綍ダ吓笥褑?/strong>
Agree or disagree:it is often not a good city to move to a new city or a new country because you will lose touch with old friends.
真題重現
It is not a good thing to move to a new cityor country because we will lose old friends.
該題目從題型分類上來講，不屬于常見題型(絕對型、對比型、建議型)，其最顯著的特征是題目本身帶有一個因果關系：因為會失去老朋友，所以搬到一個新地方不是一件好的事情。嚴格來講，如果從同意的角度來寫，思路可能會受到題目的限制，即只能想到從失去老朋友這個角度來論證搬去新地方不好。所以這種題目從不同意的角度更容易寫出邏輯嚴謹，內容豐富的文章。下面的范文采取不同意的立場，主體段第一段寫，搬去新地方不見得會失去老朋友，因為通訊工具日益發(fā)達;第二個主體段寫，就算老朋友有些疏遠，也不能因此斷定搬去新地方不好，反而可以開始一段新生活、了解新的文化、結交新的朋友。
范文參考一:
As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, there occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective, I think the statement is not sensible.
Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones break the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.
Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. My friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earn a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship have not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.
Admittedly, it can be sensible that friends can be estranged owing to the long distance with each other. Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, as I just put, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.
In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move to a new city.
寫作參考二:
In this day and age, globalization allows people from every corner of the world to travel around and even settle down easily at almost any place they favor. Is it a good thing for people to move to a new town or new country? Opinions vary about this issue. Some people oppose it by arguing that moving away means the loss of old friends. From my view, it is not true. Instead, moving to a new place might lead one to a new world.
To begin with, moving to a new place does not necessarily weaken the bond between friends. This is mostly because modern means of communication allows people to keep close contact with friends even hundreds of miles away. Therefore, it is not uncommon that friends who have not seen each other for years might know about one another’s life quite well and still have much in common. For example, a person moving from Shanghai to New York can easily get in touch with his friends at home through the simultaneous communication tools such as MSN, Weichat and so on. It is incredible that these tools can make it possible to transmit not only voice and image but also real time video! Chatting with friends like this is of no difference from talking face to face. Besides, the popular online social network such as Facebook provides a platform for people to share important moments with friends by posting pictures and videos online anywhere and anytime. It is not exaggerated to say that technology has transcended space and time; distance, a traditional friendship killer, would beat a retreat in front of modern technology.
Secondly, even if old friends are not as close as before, it is not justified to say that moving to a new place is not advisable. People move to different places for a variety of reasons ranging from career development to a new start of life. In this case, old friendship should not become a hindrance to one’s development. On the other hand, old friends might be strong supporters of those who have decided to move. A new job opportunity in a larger market might exploit the greatest potentials of a sales person, whose talents would otherwise be stifled in a small retail store at home. A lady troubled by marriage issues might start a new family and open a new page of life in another country, where no one knows about her past. Thus, the possibility of losing old friends is not strongenough to judge whether moving to a new place is good or not.
In conclusion, even though moving to a new town or country might risk the loss of friends, moderntechnology has managed to minimize such risk. Besides, choosing where to live depends on a combination of factors, which is too complicated to be justified by the state of old friendship.
寫作參考二:
With the progress of urbanization, an increasing number of people are leaving their hometown and moving to a new place, which has aroused deeply social concern. When asked about whether it is advisable to move to a new city or country, many people, if not the most, are strong believers of the claim that moving to a new place leads to the loss of old friends. However, in my eyes, the above claim doesn’t bear more analysis.
First of all, moving to a new place does not necessarily mean loss of old friends, in that the distance between people is no longer an obstacle for maintaining a friendship with the help of advanced communication devices and means of transportation. For one thing, such communication devices as telephones and the internet have made it possible to keep in touch with friends living far away from us. With the camera and microphone, our facial expressions and voice can be immediately transmitted to others, which is just like a face-to-face communication. For another, by using the well-developed transportation system , we are able to reach nearly anywhere in the world within a day. Take my own experience as an example. Last summer, Jack, one of my best friend, went to America for his master’s degree while I stayed in China for my study. However, this distance has never alienated our relationship, in that we often chatted online with Skype and even I took the international flight to visit him several times. While staying in America, we traveled together and had lots of fun, which would definitely enhance our friendship.
Furthermore, moving to a new city or country will provide us with a good opportunity to meet new friends and gain more opportunities to achieve success. On one hand, it is self-evident that a new environment enables us to make acquaintance with more people from different background, thereby enlarging our social circle. This is especially true of moving to a foreign country. While staying in a foreign country, we can not only experience the exotic culture and conventions but also establish friendship with native people there. On the other hand, moving to a new city matters a lot to job seekers, especially those coming from rural areas. My brother, a bachelor of art, is a good case in point. While staying in hometown, he had no choice but to work in a local factory with low salary and little possibility to get a promotion. However, when he moved to Beijing, the situation became totally different. He used what he learned in college to land a good job in a large advertisement company and excelled at his jobs. Now he has become the manager of designing department. Therefore, I believe that it is the moving that has changed his path of life .
To sum up, we can conclude that it is a good choice to move to a new place because we can make more new friends and obtain more opportunities instead of losing old friends. Therefore, a new environment is full of challenges and fun.
托?？荚囎魑莫毩懽鞣段模含F在父母養(yǎng)孩子更容易了嗎
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is easier for parents to raise their children than 50 years ago.
寫作參考:
Taking a panoramic picture of human evolution, family education has been playing a very important role, especially in modern days. When it comes to the question of whether or not raising kids is easier than before. I, personally, think that parenting has becoming more and more difficult based on the following reasons.
First off, with the advent of technological gadgets kids are now more susceptible to negative information on-line, making it tough for parents to monitor and guide their kids’ behavior and mindset. As we all know, with the appearance of smart phones, tablets and computer laptops, it is easier for people of all age groups, including adolescents and teenagers, to get access to all kinds of information. To be more specific, celebrities especially entertainers, like movies stars, sports giants and pop singers are such bad exemplars for kids since they are constantly involved in sex scandals, abusive use of drugs, random hookups, getting rehabilitation. Kids, who are in their formative years, are not immune to these negative influence. Therefore, it is becoming absolutely tough for parents to guide them and any negligence might lead to be catastrophic for the kid’s future development.
Additionally, parents are so overwhelmed with their career and they tend to be negligent about their kids. Kids, on the other hand, without guidance from their parents tend to have both psychological and physical problems. A recent study done by National Society of Developmental Psychology indicates that there is a positive correlation between the parents’ working time and the likelihood for kids to experience psychological and physical problems in their adolescence. Indeed, fathers and mothers are more stressful and inclined to work more hours than those who did a few decades ago, leaving them little time to hang out and caress their kids. To make matters worse, kids who might experience unparalleled peer pressure, bullying and other kinds of school cliché are not able to get appropriate and timely instruction and encouragement from their parents, increasing the risk of a series of developmental problems. For instance, they might get addicted to computer games, involve in early sex, and even have marijuana and drinking problems.
In conclusion, due to the susceptibility of kids when exposed to negative information on-line or else and the parents’ lack of time spent with their kids, it is getting more difficult to raise kids now and kids are inclined to have both psychological and physical problems in their formative years.
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