托福綜合寫作高分必備引用和連接寫法技巧分享
托福綜合寫作和獨(dú)立寫作不同，雖然看似都是作文，但實(shí)際上考察的點(diǎn)卻完全不一樣，今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)了托福綜合寫作高分必備引用和連接寫法技巧分享，希望可以幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
托福綜合寫作高分必備引用和連接寫法技巧分享
托福綜合寫作必備引用技巧介紹
Cite，即引用。托福綜合寫作乃客觀寫作，只是一個(gè)旁觀者的角度對(duì)這兩篇文章的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行描述，因此，某觀點(diǎn)是出自哪篇文章一定要說(shuō)清楚。所以，下面的這些句型在綜合寫作中必不可缺。
a.According to+noun.
Eg: According to the passage/lecture
/author/professor,…
b.Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause
Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues
/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that…
或The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects
/disputes/challenges/takes a different view….
c. As is indicated/displayed/illustrated
in the passage/lecture,...
托福綜合寫作必備連接技巧講解
Synthesize，也就是連接。具體來(lái)講，就是承接詞的使用是相當(dāng)重要的，將文章當(dāng)中的重要信息連接起來(lái)，體現(xiàn)作者對(duì)于兩篇文章的理解正確，說(shuō)明作者的思路清楚。由于綜合寫作是對(duì)兩篇文章的比較，所以下面表對(duì)比和遞進(jìn)的承接詞使用的最頻繁。
a.Transitional words showing contrast
: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary
b.Transitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, beside, as well
托福寫作高分你得這么做!
寫作高分必備：
1.教師指導(dǎo)寫作高分技巧
2.不斷實(shí)踐高分技巧
3.教師指點(diǎn)修改
技巧
1.學(xué)會(huì)快速審題-根據(jù)題干，判斷題型，決定解題方式.
2.學(xué)會(huì)快速展開(kāi)文章結(jié)構(gòu)-具體包括開(kāi)頭段，論點(diǎn)，讓步段，結(jié)尾段的具體展開(kāi)技巧和語(yǔ)言點(diǎn).
3.學(xué)會(huì)多樣化展開(kāi)中間段部分-學(xué)會(huì)寫例子，細(xì)節(jié)，重邏輯串聯(lián)，忌細(xì)節(jié)堆砌.
修改
寫作高分，除了以上所提到的掌握技巧意外，另外需要的是各位寶寶們的不斷踐行;對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)一開(kāi)始的過(guò)程會(huì)被罵的狗血淋頭，因?yàn)槲恼聭K不忍睹;等作文能夠穩(wěn)定24分左右以后;你所需要做的事情就是將那些寫的已經(jīng)能看的作文，通過(guò)教師指導(dǎo)修改成一篇真正的高分文章，最后一步嘛;當(dāng)然就是背背背啦!這可比漫無(wú)目的的去背誦各式各樣的范文提升的要快的多;因?yàn)槟闼痴b的文章思路是你自己的，大部分的語(yǔ)言組織也是你自己的。
下面就向各位寶寶們展示下什么叫做一篇投入心血的精心批改(黃色為題目;黑色為未批改的作文;紅色為批改和建議部分;藍(lán)色為整體評(píng)語(yǔ));
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Environmental issues can be solved or improved in the future. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
文章優(yōu)勢(shì)：觀點(diǎn)鮮明，結(jié)構(gòu)明確，有例子和細(xì)節(jié)，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)尚可
需要改進(jìn)的地方： 1.小語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤 2.語(yǔ)言表達(dá)比較啰嗦 3.邏輯上很多地方不準(zhǔn)確 4.致命傷：中間段2論點(diǎn)不切題， 段落內(nèi)的論證邏輯不清晰。
這篇文章企圖從兩個(gè)角度論證環(huán)境會(huì)變好：
1.現(xiàn)在全球政府已經(jīng)意識(shí)到，且開(kāi)始行動(dòng)- 第一段主體段邏輯沒(méi)有問(wèn)題
2.普通人的意識(shí)也正在逐漸養(yǎng)成。- 第二段主題段論點(diǎn)不扣題- 不應(yīng)該表達(dá)：提出環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)是有效的措施。而應(yīng)該表達(dá)為： 跟過(guò)去比起來(lái)，現(xiàn)在的人們已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了保護(hù)環(huán)境的意識(shí)。 言下之意，就是現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的人們會(huì)主動(dòng)的去保護(hù)環(huán)境。
Some people consider that environmental problems can be more awful in the future for they believe that the more advent technology, the more pollution will come out(想表達(dá)科技越先進(jìn)，污染問(wèn)題越多 應(yīng)該改為， the more advanced the technology is, the more environmental problems would pop up).(建議整個(gè)句子修改為：In today’s society, many people consider the environment problems could be more awful in the future for the advent of more technological products like the automobile would lead to more serious environmental contamination) However, I believe that environment will be better tomorrow because the every country of the world have been going to take action to face the circumstance issues and human have recognized the importance of protecting surroundings as time goes on(去掉the, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞三單，介詞of改為the 時(shí)態(tài)改為完成式即可——- because every country in the world has prepared to take action to resolve environmental issue and the public has already recognized the importance of environmental conservation as time goes by ).
To begin with, environmental issues have become a major matter of concern for a number of countries. (添加過(guò)渡性短語(yǔ)- In this way,) This fact has led them to come up with many measures to solve the environmental problems(去掉后面的the 即 solve environmental problems). For instance, The United Nations Climate Change conference which about 192 countries attended was held in 2009, it aimed to discuss and put forward acts to cope with climatic change problems(第一個(gè)專有名詞后面從句改為：The United Nations Climate Change conference attended by 192 countries was held in 2009 with the collective goal, that is, coping with the issue of climate change). There is no doubt that(少用套句，改為： Undoubtedly,) it has good impact on the tendency of changing climate on the Earth(這句話語(yǔ)言表達(dá)和上一句有重復(fù)且時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)有問(wèn)題 改為: the conference was a good start symbolizing the cooperation of the whole world to address environmental issue). And this is a know as‘ save the human last chance ’of the meeting(不要另起一句，直接and并列句 即改為： … and it was known as a meeting of last chance to salvage human beings). Furthermore, more and more solar cars are produced, which are made to save energy to protect environment(furthermore表示遞進(jìn)or并列此處邏輯上不是很強(qiáng)， 改為：as a consequence, the number of solar vehicles has experienced a dramatic increase. ). In a word, all of the actions are in order to prevent our Earth from destroying( in order to如此用絕對(duì)的中式英文，且總結(jié)的句子表達(dá)出來(lái)的意思并不能幫忙總結(jié)這個(gè)段落，應(yīng)該與論點(diǎn)呼應(yīng)，表達(dá)出的大致意義應(yīng)該是：因此可以看出，全球已經(jīng)意識(shí)到環(huán)境問(wèn)題，且政府以及采取了很多行動(dòng)， 與下一段形成呼應(yīng) 下一段應(yīng)該以“普通人也養(yǎng)成了保護(hù)環(huán)境得意時(shí)”。 所以應(yīng)該改成： In a word, governments throughout the world have reached an agreement to protect the environment and taken immediate effective and potent measures to avert continual environmental deterioration).
In addition, raising environmental awareness can be an effective method to prevent and control pollution(論點(diǎn)扣題，應(yīng)該改為： In addition, current individuals have already cultivated the awareness of environmental preservation and contributed a lot to environmental protection). In contemporary society (in the …), many more people are concern about the environmental situation (are concerned about/ current environmental situation) . Another example of Beijing, which used to be an auto-dependent city, Shrouded by smothering smog for years, residents in Beijing have totally realized the severe consequences brought by heavy smog and are fully motivated to reduce the number of private cars, burn clean fuels and lead a low-carbon life (句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是：北京被霧霾籠罩很多年，因此北京人知道了后果，開(kāi)始被激勵(lì)去減少適用私家車，燃燒干凈能源，過(guò)低碳生活。 首先邏輯上：這句話的中文實(shí)際就不是很扣論點(diǎn)，應(yīng)該改為，北京人意識(shí)到霧霾的后果，開(kāi)始養(yǎng)成了后續(xù)的這些習(xí)慣。 其次語(yǔ)言上： 北京被霧霾籠罩缺乏謂語(yǔ)。 建議整句話改為;Since citizens in Beijing shrouded by smothering smog for years realize the severe consequences of environmental pollution, they have gradually developed the habit of reducing the frequency of driving private cars, burning clean fuels and leading a low-carbon life). Therefore, government are required to offer more courses, videos and reports useful for raising public awareness on environmental protection in order to create a pleasant ecological environment with cleaner air(這句話的邏輯不通， 作者觀點(diǎn)環(huán)境未來(lái)會(huì)變好， 這段的論證思路是; 普通人意識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境-例子;北京人受到霧霾影響，因此改變了習(xí)慣。 接下來(lái)不應(yīng)該說(shuō)因此， 政府需要去提供更多課。 作者應(yīng)該這樣去表達(dá)， 與此同時(shí)，現(xiàn)在的政府也會(huì)去做一些事情去加強(qiáng)人們的意識(shí)。所以這句應(yīng)該改為： Meanwhile, the government also endeavors to strengthen people’s awareness of environmental protection by offering more public courses and related educational TV programs to create a favorable ecological environment). The example shows that our environmental circumstances will gradually get better(總結(jié)句依然不扣題，應(yīng)該改為，因此可以看出，現(xiàn)在普通人的行為已經(jīng)發(fā)生了改變，他們的環(huán)保意識(shí)有利于將來(lái)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的提升。所以表達(dá)為： Apparently, the behavior of common people has been changed and their strong consciousness of environmental protection is beneficial to the improvement of future environmental quality).
All in all, our environment will get better tomorrow. I feel hopeful that many more countries is going to take steps to face the environmental problems and more and more people have consciousness on the environmental protection. (小語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，另外句子不夠精煉，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞三單，is-are。 整句建議改為; the efforts made by both the worldwide governments and ordinary individuals can explain why I am convinced that environment in the near future will be improved. )
托福寫作的思路問(wèn)題可以這么解決
先來(lái)看道托福寫作題目：
Agree or disagree: technology has made our lives more complicated rather than simpler.
題干旨在讓考生們?nèi)ッ枋隹萍紝?duì)于我們生活的好壞，但并沒(méi)有個(gè)科技任何的描述。
再來(lái)看到雅思寫作題目：
We have been living in the nuclear age now for over half a century. Since the first atomic bombs were developed, nuclear technology has provided governments with the ability to totally destroy the planet. Yet the technology has been put to positive use as an energy source and in certain areas of medicine.
To what extent is nuclear technology a danger to life on Earth? What are the benefits and risks associated with its use?
題干旨在考察同學(xué)們對(duì)于核科技的好壞分析，但題干卻描述了核科技在現(xiàn)代生活中具體一個(gè)方面的作用，也就是政府能夠用來(lái)研制出核武器。
大家來(lái)看下這兩道題目的區(qū)別，同時(shí)考察同學(xué)們對(duì)于一個(gè)具有爭(zhēng)議性的觀點(diǎn)。托福寫作題目的出題角度會(huì)更加的抽象。而雅思寫作題目會(huì)給出一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)的描述，這就可給各位考生們一個(gè)啟發(fā)去分析這個(gè)題干。
我想從托福寫作和雅思寫作題目的對(duì)比中來(lái)和各位同學(xué)們談?wù)剬懽髦欣蛹?xì)節(jié)的展開(kāi)。
回到一開(kāi)始的那道獨(dú)立寫作題目：Agree or disagree: technology has made our lives more complicated rather than simpler.
題干讓我們?nèi)ッ枋隹萍际沟梦覀兊纳詈?jiǎn)潔還是復(fù)雜。我們也應(yīng)該從生活中去切入，思考下我們現(xiàn)在生活中有哪些便利和不便是由科技所帶來(lái)的。
例如生活在北方的同學(xué)就能到想到霧霾，那我們?cè)谏罹肯蚂F霾所產(chǎn)生的原因和霧霾所帶來(lái)的后果。
現(xiàn)邏輯就就會(huì)很清晰了：
原因：工廠的污染物排放，大量汽車的尾氣排放等引起的。
結(jié)果：產(chǎn)生了霧霾
后果：出行戴口罩;容易患呼吸道疾病;能見(jiàn)度降低，交通事故率增加;肺癌死亡人數(shù)增加
這種邏輯思考方式，魔君在課上稱為：線性思考方式，也就是找一件事情發(fā)生的原因，以及分析這件事情所產(chǎn)生的后果。
對(duì)應(yīng)線性的邏輯思考方式，能夠?qū)?yīng)魔君課上常講的一例法論證。
當(dāng)然還存在另外一思考方式，魔君在課上稱為：平行思考方式，也就是去分析你所想到的例子平行對(duì)等物，例如霧霾我們劃分到空氣污染的一個(gè)上級(jí)名詞，但包括在空氣污染里的下一級(jí)名詞還有哪些呢?有：全球變暖;臭氧層空洞導(dǎo)致的紫外線過(guò)多;酸性排放物過(guò)多導(dǎo)致的酸雨等。
對(duì)于平行的邏輯思考方式，能夠?qū)?yīng)魔君課上常講的多例法論證。
這里就能夠解答很多同學(xué)問(wèn)魔君的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，我如何能像您一樣隨意的就能夠打出600+的文章呢。那么答案很明顯了，就是結(jié)合使用線性和平行兩種思考方式去展開(kāi)自己的文章。
