用精讀法原則實現(xiàn)雅思閱讀高分
用精讀3步法原則實現(xiàn)雅思閱讀高分一文講述了如何運(yùn)用精讀法的3個步驟實現(xiàn)雅思閱讀能力的加強(qiáng)。這3個步驟就是對于字詞句的逐步理解，下面小編就和大家分享用精讀3步法原則實現(xiàn)雅思閱讀高分，來欣賞一下吧。
用精讀3步法原則實現(xiàn)雅思閱讀高分
一、理解詞義
理解詞義，顧名思義即是弄清楚文中不認(rèn)識的生詞的具體含義。在第一遍看文章時，我們重點在于做題，所以都是快速閱讀，即skim加上scan。此時若遇到生詞都是根據(jù)上下文(context)去猜測詞義。而精讀時，對于第一遍不認(rèn)識的單詞要全部用字典查出意思，即剛才猜測出大概含義的詞匯，并且要整理到單詞本上去。當(dāng)然對于這些生詞考生們實際上是要區(qū)別對待的。有些比較生僻的話題詞匯只要認(rèn)知就好，不需要掌握具體用法，比如C9T1P1文章中A 段第六行有個單詞cog, 解釋為鈍齒，這個單詞詞義特殊，且在文中跟題目沒有必然聯(lián)系，不影響做題，屬于較生僻的詞匯，看到能通過上下文推測出含義即可，不需要死記硬背。而另一些詞匯，尤其是動詞，要掌握它們的具體用法包括搭配，以期能在自己的寫作中加以靈活運(yùn)用。例如文中E段第四行有個動詞addressed, 考生們掌握的都是這個單詞的名詞含義“地址”，雖然通過上下文不難推測出是“提出”的意思，但是該詞要怎么用則需要結(jié)合字典包括文中例句更好地理解。文中說questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent,考生寫作文時也可以借鑒一下，例如想表達(dá)某人提出觀點，就可以說someone addressed that。此外，文中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)一些同義詞，考生可以將這些詞整理下來，因為同義替換是雅思閱讀考察的一個重點，通過對這些同義詞的整理，我們不僅可以知道考試?？嫉耐x替換，同時也能借鑒到自己的寫作當(dāng)中去，畢竟詞語多樣性是寫作評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。例如文章中表示外星人時，用到的詞和表達(dá)有extra- terrestrial intelligence, alien civilization, other life form等，這種類似的同義替換在雅思閱讀文章中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，考生們還可以精讀一下劍橋真題8 Test 3 Passage 2。
二、理解句子
單詞理解好了，下一步自然就是理解句子。雅思閱讀中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)一些長難句，而有些考生一看到這些，就立馬神經(jīng)緊張，不知道如何下手了。大多數(shù)長難句只是外形嚇人，其實是個紙老虎。例如文章A段最后一句話It is even possible that the older civilization may pass on the benefits of their experience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we haven’t yet discovered. 乍一看，有好幾個that, 看上去較復(fù)雜，但其實我們要做的事情就是提煉主干，找出主謂賓。這句話主語是it, 謂語is, that引導(dǎo)的是一個主語從句，一直到句尾，這樣句子大意即是較老的文明也許能夠?qū)⑺麄兲幚硗{的經(jīng)驗傳播下去。而在主語從句中又出現(xiàn)兩個threats 的并列，這兩個threats的定語也值得借鑒，第一個是用to do結(jié)構(gòu)做定語，而第二個threats則是用that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，這點符合我們寫作評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的句型多樣化，非常值得學(xué)習(xí)。
當(dāng)然不是每個句子都需要這么揣摩的，時間和精力都不允許?？忌恍枰獙⑴c題目相關(guān)的句子理解透徹，結(jié)構(gòu)分析清晰就可以了。
三、理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)
當(dāng)詞語句型都看懂之后，第三步就是學(xué)習(xí)研究文章結(jié)構(gòu)了。西方的學(xué)術(shù)文章大體遵循總分總或者總分的結(jié)構(gòu)，即introduction, main body, summary三部曲或者introduction, main body二重奏。而文章的每個段落也遵循這個結(jié)構(gòu)。研究文章結(jié)構(gòu)的目的是為了能從宏觀上把握文章的布局特點，這樣下次讀雅思文章時能快速定位答案，尤其是 list of headings這個題型，同時也對于寫作起到參考作用。這篇文章第一段交待了話題背景，即為什么要尋找外星生命，主題段落即B,C,D,E四段介紹了尋找外星生命的一些嘗試及方法，以及可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。而在每段內(nèi)部，基本也遵循這個結(jié)構(gòu)原則，例如B段，第一句即是主旨句，概括了該段的大意。理解了學(xué)術(shù)文章的寫作特點，我們在今后的閱讀練習(xí)中可以加以靈活運(yùn)用，節(jié)約做題時間，提高解題正確率。
以上就是用精讀3步法原則實現(xiàn)雅思閱讀高分的全部內(nèi)容，我們可以看出精讀法的3個步驟還是與閱讀文章的字詞句篇是吻合的。先是了解單詞，再是了解句子和詞組，再是理解文章含義和文章思路。閱讀的3個步驟無外乎如此。
雅思閱讀材料：“來自星星的你”為什么會火?
Beer and fried chicken — this seemingly unorthodox combo has been the most sought after late-night snack recently in Yang Xiaoqian’s dormitory on the campus of Central China Normal University.
炸雞和啤酒，這個看似怪異的搭配，最近竟成了華中師范大學(xué)學(xué)生楊曉青(音譯)宿舍里最受追捧的夜宵。
“All of a sudden, on the tables of many dorms and in Weibo and Weixin (or WeChat) updates, the combo went viral,” says Yang, 19, a Chinese literature major at the university in Wuhan, Hubei province.
“突然間，宿舍的桌上、微博和微信上，這種吃法一下子火了?！比A中師范大學(xué)中文系學(xué)生、19歲的楊曉青這樣說道。
Thanks to a South Korean drama currently on air, Man From the Stars, this new mix-and-match junk food trend has become popular among young audiences, despite its unhealthy nature.
因為正在熱播的韓劇《來自星星的你》的關(guān)系，這一垃圾食品的全新混搭組合盡管有害健康，但還是受到年輕觀眾的追捧。
Indeed, South Korean TV dramas, or K-drama for short, have been a major force in the South Korean pop-culture wave that has captured the hearts of young Chinese audiences.
的確，韓國電視劇(簡稱：韓劇)，已成為推動韓國流行文化潮流的主力軍，成功虜獲了中國年輕觀眾的心。
According to iQiyi, a video website that features Man From the Stars, by Feb 15, the number of views for the TV drama hit a whopping 370 million in China, where the drama claimed four out of five hot topics spots on TV and on Sina Weibo on the same day.
來自播放《來自星星的你》的視頻網(wǎng)站愛奇藝的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截止到2月15日，該劇在國內(nèi)的累計播放量達(dá)到3.7億次，與此同時，電視和新浪微博上五分之四的熱點話題都被該劇占據(jù)。
Yan Feng, professor of Chinese literature at Fudan University, in an interview with Shanghai Morning Post, believes the new wave of South Korean drama is trying to attract a wider audience.
復(fù)旦大學(xué)中文系教授嚴(yán)峰在接受《新聞晨報》采訪時表示，新一輪的韓劇風(fēng)潮正在吸引更多的觀眾群體。
“It is interesting to explore what elements of those dramas appeal to audiences. It’s obviously more than just pretty faces and cool poses,” says Yan.
嚴(yán)峰表示，“探尋這些韓劇走紅的因素是個有趣的過程。顯然，韓劇的背后不僅僅是俊男美女和帥氣造型”。
Echoed by audiences, culture critics, academics and insiders of the industry, youth fantasy, creative storylines, cultural proximity, and well-organized production all add up to K-drama’s recipe for success, along with, of course, those handsome and cute faces dressed in the latest fashion trends.
從觀眾、文化評論家、學(xué)者以及業(yè)內(nèi)人士的口中我們可以了解到，青春幻想、創(chuàng)意劇情、文化相似以及制作精良都是韓劇的成功秘訣，當(dāng)然，更少不了衣著時尚光鮮的俊男美女。
Pretty faces and fashion
俊男美女與時尚的組合
“Everyone fancies a perfect partner, handsome or beautiful,” says Zhou Ying, professor of TV production at Chongqing Technology and Business University. “The South Korean TV industry is feeding this need.” After Lee Min-ho entered the spotlight for his hit show The Inheritors and appeared on CCTV’s annual Spring Festival gala, he became the most famous South Korean in China. Only weeks later, Kim Soo-hyun, lead actor in Man From the Stars, swept the country.
來自重慶工商大學(xué)影視制作專業(yè)的周穎(音譯)教授說：“每個人都幻想著完美的另一半，希望TA是俊男或美女。韓國電視產(chǎn)業(yè)正是滿足人們的這一需求?！表n星李敏鎬因熱門劇集《繼承者們》而大放異彩后，又現(xiàn)身央視春晚的舞臺。如今他已成為中國最知名的韓星。而僅僅幾周之后，《來自星星的你》主演金秀賢再次風(fēng)靡中國。
“It reinforces the fantasy among young people with faces designed for viewers across the spectrum: the next door girl; the rebellious, sophisticated woman; the mature gentleman; little-brother faces. You name it,” says Zhou. “Idol making keeps updating the fantasies among fans and it intentionally caters to each generation’s tastes.”
“劇中的人物滿足了不同觀眾群的審美需求，從而進(jìn)一步迎合年輕人心中的浪漫情節(jié)：鄰家女孩;精干熟女;成熟紳士;正太面孔，總有一款適合你”，周穎說。“偶像制造不斷刷新著粉絲們的幻想，同時也刻意迎合著每一代人的喜好?！?/p>
Apart from pretty faces, fashion is another highlight of the series. Each time actors from the series wear a new set of outfits, similar clothes experience a sales spike online, according to Xiao Yi, a Taobao store owner based in Beijing.
除了俊俏的面孔外，時尚是該劇的另一個亮點。演員每次出場都如同“換裝秀”。來自北京的淘寶店主肖逸(音譯)表示，同款衣服在網(wǎng)上十分熱銷。
Zhou says that besides economic gains for South Korean appliances, make-up, food and fashion items, those pretty faces are re-constructing South Korea’s national image.
周穎認(rèn)為，一方面韓劇帶動了韓國家電、化妝品、食品和時尚用品的熱銷;另一方面，俊男美女們也重塑了韓國的國民形象。
“South Korea is imagined in accordance with those depictions in TV dramas, which is good national branding,” says Zhou.
“人們會根據(jù)電視劇里的描寫來設(shè)想韓國，這是很好的國家品牌宣傳。”周穎說。
Creative narrations
創(chuàng)造性的劇情
With love triangles, incurable diseases, and Cinderella tales, storylines in South Korean dramas may seem a bit commonplace. The Man From the Stars challenges this norm by integrating aliens and time travel into these existing narrations.
三角戀、絕癥、灰姑娘，這些韓劇劇情似乎顯得太過老套了。而《來自星星的你》將外星人和穿越融入到劇情當(dāng)中，顛覆了韓劇劇情的定式。
Peng Sanyuan, a Beijing-based screenwriter, says a focus on detail is a key factor in the success of these dramas.
來自北京的劇作家彭三源表示，專注細(xì)節(jié)是這些劇集成功的關(guān)鍵因素。
“In order to accurately target audiences and find emotional resonance with them, more and more female writers are emerging in the industry,” says Peng about her experience of exchanging ideas with South Korean colleagues.
彭三源談起自己曾與韓國同事交流想法：“為準(zhǔn)確定位觀眾，找到與觀眾的情感共鳴，電視編劇行業(yè)不斷涌現(xiàn)出女性作家的身影?！?/p>
Ma Ke, from Sohu.com, compares K-drama and Japanese drama. “Dramatic twists are more frequent in K-dramas, while urban love stories, a common theme, are often innovated by, for example, adding an alien,” says Ma. “That gives a sense of freshness to people who just want to know how everything is sorted out in such an impossible plot.”
來自搜狐網(wǎng)的馬可(音譯)對韓劇和日劇進(jìn)行了一番比較。“峰回路轉(zhuǎn)的劇情在韓劇中更常見，而都市愛情故事這個‘老生常談’要想出新的話，就可能會加入外星人等元素，”馬可說?！斑@給人一種新鮮感，觀眾僅僅是想知道在如此不可思議的情境下劇情是如何發(fā)展的?！?/p>
According to both experts, South Korean writers somehow make sense of these plots, no matter how unlikely it seems.
以上兩位專業(yè)人士都認(rèn)為，韓國編劇總是有辦法讓這些看似離譜的劇情變得合情合理。
由“想你“的瘋兔子樸甜甜主演的three days接檔，three days是發(fā)生在青瓦臺警衛(wèi)員中的故事,講述了3天時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的事。該劇講述韓國總統(tǒng)度在度假時神秘失蹤，樸有天飾演韓泰京的總統(tǒng)護(hù)衛(wèi)在尋找總統(tǒng)時發(fā)現(xiàn)事件背后有著更大陰謀的故事。劇中所飾演的是風(fēng)聲都不放過的警衛(wèi)室精英警衛(wèi)“韓泰京”一角，預(yù)計將展現(xiàn)出男性魅力。將在3月5日SBS首播，3月6日凌晨優(yōu)酷土豆雙平臺在內(nèi)地同步獨播。
雅思閱讀材料：當(dāng)你路遇沒穿外套的小男孩
A boy shivers in the harsh Oslo winter, pathetically wrapping his arms around himself on a bus stop bench. He isn't wearing a coat and temperatures in the Norwegian capital regularly plunge to -10C during winter.
一個小男孩在挪威首都奧斯陸的寒風(fēng)中瑟瑟發(fā)抖，他坐在一個公交車站臺，可憐兮兮地環(huán)抱著自己的胳膊。他沒有穿外套，而此時在冬日的奧斯陸，氣溫一般都會降到零下10攝氏度。
A heartbreaking scene, but the actions of the ordinary people who witnessed the plight of 11 year old Johannes L?nnestad Flaaten is both joyous and inspiring.
發(fā)生在11歲小男孩約翰內(nèi)斯的這一幕困境讓人心碎，但目睹這一幕的普通路人的反應(yīng)卻讓人非常感動和充滿正能量。
A young blonde woman who sat next to the boy and notices him rubbing his arms. She immediately asks him: 'Don't you have a jacket?'
坐在小男孩旁邊的一個年輕的金發(fā)女孩注意到他一直在搓摸自己的胳膊，就立即問道：“你沒有外套嗎?”
'No, someone stole it,' he replies. She questions him and discovers he was on a school trip and was told to meet his teacher at the bus stop. She asks him the name of his school and where he's from as she selflessly drapes her own coat around his shoulders.
“沒有，有人把我的外套偷走了，” 他回答道。女孩問過他了解到他是在上學(xué)的路上，在公交車站是在等自己的老師。她問了學(xué)校的名字，知道他的來歷，很無私地把自己的外套脫下來披在他的肩膀上。
Later, another older woman at first gives him her scarf, then wraps him in her large padded jacket.
后來，又一位年長女性先把自己的圍巾給了他，然后把他包裹在自己的棉外套里。
Throughout the day, more and more people offered Johannes their gloves and even the coats off their backs as they waited for their bus.
在這中，越來越多等公交車的人把自己的手套給了小約翰內(nèi)斯，甚至有不少人把自己的外套脫下來了。
Johanne's predicament was a hidden camera experiment by Norwegian charity SOS Children’s Village as part of their winter campaign to gather donations to send much-needed coats and blankets to help Syrian children get through the winter. Many of the refugees have left their homes without winter clothing.
約翰內(nèi)斯的窘境是一個隱藏攝像機(jī)實驗，由挪威慈善團(tuán)體SOS兒童村發(fā)起，這是該組織冬日行動的一部分，這個活動是為了籌集更多捐贈為敘利亞兒童送冬日的生活必需品外套和毛毯。許多敘利亞難民在離家時都沒帶冬天的衣物。
"People should care as much about children in Syria as they care about this boy," Synne R?nning, the information head of SOS Children's Villages Norway, told The Local. She also noted that the child was a volunteer who was never in any danger during the filming.
挪威SOS兒童村的信息負(fù)責(zé)人羅寧對當(dāng)?shù)仉娨暸_表示：“人們應(yīng)該像關(guān)心這個小男孩一樣，關(guān)注敘利亞的兒童們?！? 她也表示在拍攝過程中，志愿者小男孩并沒有任何危險。
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