GRE閱讀出題特點
對于GRE閱讀題，不少同學(xué)表示做題壓力還是不小的，題目數(shù)量較多，文章內(nèi)容覆蓋面廣泛，不少剛接觸GRE考試的同學(xué)都不甚了解，下面小編就和大家分享全面了解GRE閱讀出題特點和文章題型細(xì)節(jié)基礎(chǔ)知識，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。
全面了解GRE閱讀出題特點和文章題型細(xì)節(jié)基礎(chǔ)知識
GRE閱讀出題形式簡介
GRE閱讀大量模仿了GMAT邏輯題的出題方式。一言以蔽之：新GRE閱讀 = 老GRE閱讀 + GMAT邏輯。
GRE閱讀中在保留了老GRE長文和短文的基礎(chǔ)上，還增加了只有一到四句話的超短文章，稱之為微文。微文雖然微小，但極具邏輯。
GRE閱讀基本題型講解
新GRE改革后語文部分做出了調(diào)整，而新GRE閱讀理解題包含三種題型：
五選一( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One Answer Choice )
三選多( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One or More Answer Choices )
句子功能題( Select-in-Passage )
其中第一種“五選一”就是目前GRE閱讀的題型。而第二種“三選多”(從三個選項中選出所有適合的答案，正確答案數(shù)不定，只選出部分正確答案者 不得分)與第三種“句子功能”題(找到原文中與選項描述相一致的句子并點擊該句子)都是閱讀理解部分新增的題型。對于新GRE語文部分的內(nèi)容考生不用慌 張，主要還是對單詞和閱讀的把握。
GRE閱讀題在考試中如何出現(xiàn)?
新GRE閱讀中,目前已出現(xiàn)的兩種情況：
(1)一個Section有4篇文章,均為短閱讀,長度約為150~180字左右,每篇題目數(shù)量依次為3道,2道,2道,2道,總的題目數(shù)量為9道,此時邏輯題為1道.
(2)一個Section有3篇文章,1篇為長閱讀,長度約為400~500字左右,題目數(shù)為4道,另附2篇短閱讀,題目數(shù)依次為1道和3道,總共題目數(shù)為8道,此時邏輯題為2道.
個人觀點：在每個Verbal Section中最多一篇長閱讀,由于時間限制的原因,這在超時的OG和限時PP軟件上的套題中均有所體現(xiàn).在題型方面,相較于舊GRE傳統(tǒng)的5選1題型,新G在5選1題型基礎(chǔ)上,新增了句子選擇題以及三項多選題.
總體而言,從文章的難度上,新GRE并沒有改變舊GRE文章深奧、句子復(fù)雜等特點,同時在題型上注重對于文章具體句子和詞匯的考察,也延續(xù)了對于文章中事物邏輯的考察,文章主題的把握.文章長度上的整體縮短,但是在題量上的增加,會導(dǎo)致閱讀難度不斷加大.
GRE閱讀文章有哪些特點?
1. 按題材分：文學(xué)評論, 美國歷史, 弱勢群體, 生命科學(xué)
2. 按寫作方法分：presentation[立論], argument[評論]
3. 按寫作套路分：新舊觀點型、現(xiàn)象解釋型、結(jié)論解釋型、問題解決型
GRE閱讀練習(xí)：鳥叫研究
Over the years, biol.ists have suggested two main pathways by which sexual selection may have shaped the evolution of male birdsong. In the first, male competition and intrasexual selection produce relatively short, simple songs used mainly in territorial behavior. In the second, female choice and intersexual selection produce longer, more complicated songs used mainly in mate attraction; like such visual ornamentation as the peacock’s tail, elaborate vocal characteristics increase the male’s chances of being chosen as a mate, and he thus enjoys more reproductive success than his less ostentatious rivals. The two pathways are not mutually exclusive, and we can expect to find examples that reflect their interaction. Teasing them apart has been an important challenge to evolutionary biol.ists.
Early research confirmed the role of intrasexual selection. In a variety of experiments in the field, males responded aggressively to recorded songs by exhibiting territorial behavior near the speakers. The breakthrough for research into intersexual selection came in the development of a new technique for investigating female response in the laboratory. When female cowbirds raised in isolation in sound-proof chambers were exposed to recordings of male song, they responded by exhibiting mating behavior. By quantifying the responses, researchers were able to determine what particular features of the song were most important. In further experiments on song sparrows, researchers found that when exposed to a single song type repeated several times or to a repertoire of different song types, females responded more to the latter. The beauty of the experimental design is that it effectively rules out confounding variables; acoustic isolation assures that the female can respond only to the song structure itself.
If intersexual selection operates as theorized, males with more complicated songs should not only attract females more readily but should also enjoy greater reproductive success. At first, however, researchers doing fieldwork with song sparrows found no correlation between larger repertoires and early mating, which has been shown to be one indicator of reproductive success; further, common measures of male quality used to predict reproductive success, such as weight, size, age, and territory, also failed to correlate with song complexity.
The confirmation researchers had been seeking was finally achieved in studies involving two varieties of warblers. Unlike the song sparrow, which repeats one of its several song types in bouts before switching to another, the warbler continuously composes much longer and more variable songs without repetition. For the first time, researchers found a significant correlation between repertoire size and early mating, and they discovered further that repertoire size had a more significant effect than any other measure of male quality on the number of young produced. The evidence suggests that warblers use their extremely elaborate songs primarily to attract females, clearly confirming the effect of intersexual selection on the evolution of birdsong.
17.1. The passage is primarily concerned with
(A) showing that intrasexual selection has a greater effect on birdsong than does intersexual selection
(B) contrasting the role of song complexity in several species of birds
(C) describing research confirming the suspected relationship between intersexual selection and the complexity of birdsong
(D) demonstrating the superiority of laboratory work over field studies in evolutionary biol.y
(E) illustrating the effectiveness of a particular approach to experimental design in evolutionary biol.y
17.2. The author mentions the peacock’s tail in line 8 most probably in order to
(A) cite an exception to the theory of the relationship between intrasexual selection and male competition
(B) illustrate the importance of both of the pathways that shaped the evolution of birdsong
(C) draw a distinction between competing theories of intersexual selection
(D) give an example of a feature that may have evolved through intersexual selection by female choice
(E) refute a commonly held assumption about the role of song in mate attraction
17.3. According to the passage, which of the following is specifically related to intrasexual selection?
(A) Female choice
(B) Territorial behavior
(C) Complex song types
(D) Large song repertoires
(E) Visual ornamentation
17.4. Which of the following, if true, would most clearly demonstrate the interaction mentioned in lines 11-13?
(A) Female larks respond similarly both to short, simple songs and to longer, more complicated songs.
(B) Male canaries use visual ornamentation as well as elaborate song repertoires for mate attraction.
(C) Both male and female blackbirds develop elaborate visual and vocal characteristics.
(D) Male jays use songs to compete among themselves and to attract females.
(E) Male robins with elaborate visual ornamentation have as much reproductive success as rivals with elaborate vocal characteristics.
17.5. The passage indicates that researchers raised female cowbirds in acoustic isolation in order to
(A) eliminate confounding variables
(B) approximate field conditions
(C) measure reproductive success
(D) quantify repertoire complexity
(E) prevent early mating
17.6. According to the passage, the song sparrow is unlike the warbler in that the song sparrow
(A) uses songs mainly in territorial behavior
(B) continuously composes long and complex songs
(C) has a much larger song repertoire
(D) repeats one song type before switching to another
(E) responds aggressively to recorded songs
17.7. The passage suggests that the song sparrow experiments mentioned in lines 37-43 failed to confirm the role of intersexual selection because
(A) females were allowed to respond only to the song structure
(B) song sparrows are unlike other species of birds
(C) the experiments provided no evidence that elaborate songs increased male reproductive success
(D) the experiments included the songs of only a small number of different song sparrows
(E) the experiments duplicated some of the limitations of previous field studies
GRE閱讀題目具體分析
長文章：我2分鐘讀完,知道大概是講大氣成分(二氧化碳和m)與氣溫的關(guān)系。不再多想，做題目：
1.主題。簡單。
2.定位至4段，因為定位局限，因此可以使用選項定位法(如果定位范圍很廣則直接跳過)。
(a)看到marine，憑印象也知道4段沒有講，錯。
(b)剛好是剛才注意到的語言現(xiàn)象(轉(zhuǎn)折although).
(c)找twice定位。比較范疇錯。
(d) 有印象的話這種結(jié)構(gòu)只在第二段出現(xiàn)過，錯。
(e)看到most馬上就知道錯，不僅僅是本段，即使放在全文也沒有出現(xiàn)過最高級，至出現(xiàn)了大量的比較級，而比較級中沒有出現(xiàn)過than any這樣的字眼，因此最高級必錯。
3.定位至二段。
三個語言現(xiàn)象。大概心里有數(shù)，直接看選項：
(a)雖然有比較，但是這種比較沒有先后因果的概念。錯。
(b)only未出現(xiàn)過。錯。
(c)如果不能馬上判斷，先跳過。
(d)無比較。錯。
(e)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)改寫。(語言現(xiàn)象：重大轉(zhuǎn)折although)
4.明確定位的題目。簡單，只說選項縮讀：
(b)simulation model為4段內(nèi)容。
(d)(e)benefit/benefitial莫名其妙。并且(e)中的have been found原文中沒有。
5.6.屬于可以錯的題目，因為沒有明確定位，而沒有明確定位的題目具有很大偶然性，我當(dāng)時一看題目，感覺兩個題目都象是取非題但又無法定位，就直接跳過做第7題了。這個取舍過程花了1分鐘不到的時間。雖然本文的這兩個題目還算不難，憑背景知識也可以做對，但是不能保證考場上也有這樣幸運的題目，并且在當(dāng)時(91年)可能這也算比較新穎的知識。因此錯了絕對可以，我是給自己這樣的允許的。但是象上面的4個題目和下面的第7題是絕對不能錯的，我們平時練習(xí)的最終目的就是保證這些題目的正確率。這2個題目的解題方法不講，一來我沒有思考(我從來不思考這些難度題目)，二來感覺不具有普遍性。
7.結(jié)構(gòu)題，簡單，略。
總結(jié)：文章不難，題目也不難，就是時間緊張，尤其在考場上更會是如此。文章讀個大概就可以了，題目有取舍有先后順序有大體原則(剛才演示過了)。
短文章：
首句：作者說了arrom這個人說了個女人地位的評價。好，我們關(guān)注的就是作者對這個人所做評價的評價。
二句：語言現(xiàn)象：比較級+排比句+轉(zhuǎn)折(while后置了)
三句：似乎是一個虛擬語氣，不多想，放在這里。
四句開始：很明顯的作者的評價，最最重要的地方，要讀懂。
8.主題：只說縮讀：
(b) 先不管到底這句話對不對，至少一眼要能看出這是細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，錯。
(c) 看到explain就知道錯了。
(d)看到reject就知道錯。
(e)看完后，1790錯。
9.明確定位，簡單，略。
10.題目提示agree，大概回想到前面的排比句里面找。
11.簡單，(d)(e)看到首詞即可知道錯誤。
總結(jié)：堅持這樣的思路下來，本練習(xí)的11個題目里面對8-9個是完全應(yīng)該的，除了長文章的5，6題不計入應(yīng)該對的題目之外，其它題目都是應(yīng)該掌握的，判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：能不能定位明確。
GRE閱讀出題特點相關(guān)文章：
GRE閱讀出題特點
