托福閱讀長難句應(yīng)對(duì)技巧備考訓(xùn)練心得指點(diǎn)
如果要問托福閱讀中除了詞匯還有什么難點(diǎn)會(huì)影響到大家對(duì)文章的理解,相信很多同學(xué)都會(huì)脫口而出長難句。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈i喿x長難句應(yīng)對(duì)技巧備考訓(xùn)練心得指點(diǎn),希望可以幫助到大家,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。
托福閱讀長難句應(yīng)對(duì)技巧備考訓(xùn)練心得指點(diǎn)
訓(xùn)練閱讀長難句應(yīng)少看多做
如今市面上專門用來訓(xùn)練大家應(yīng)對(duì)長難句技巧的教材并不少,同學(xué)們?yōu)榱烁愣ㄩL難句問題也常會(huì)使用這些教材來進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。但在實(shí)際訓(xùn)練過程中,大家常會(huì)犯的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤就是看得太多而實(shí)際練得太少。很多同學(xué)可能會(huì)覺得這些教材講的東西似乎也不難,看看里面的實(shí)例結(jié)構(gòu)分析以后就算是長難句好像也沒那么復(fù)雜難懂了。然而看懂了并不代表會(huì)做了,在實(shí)際做題遭遇到新的長難句之后能否靈活運(yùn)用書本教材上的句式結(jié)構(gòu)分析等技巧來應(yīng)對(duì)才是關(guān)鍵。而只是看懂但缺乏實(shí)際應(yīng)用經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同學(xué)遇到長難句就很容易出問題,也就是俗稱的眼高手低。因此,對(duì)于備考中的各類長難句教程資料,小編建議大家還是多以實(shí)際練習(xí)為主,積累應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)驗(yàn),這樣到了考試中才不會(huì)空有理論知識(shí)而無法實(shí)際解決長難句問題。
不要死背長難句句式多學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)對(duì)思路
死記硬背的問題也很容易發(fā)生在中國考生身上。要說記憶力,可能全球所有地區(qū)的托??忌羞€就是中國考生的水平最高了。因此,面對(duì)變化多樣句式復(fù)雜的長難句,也有不少同學(xué)直接采取了最為簡單粗暴的做法,那就是硬背?!翱床欢灰o,我背下來總可以了吧?!北в羞@種想法的同學(xué)相信不在少數(shù)。然而這種做法也是存在弊端的,先不說托??荚囬喿x部分的文章本身涉及知識(shí)面和學(xué)科范圍就相當(dāng)廣,長難句本身的變化也絕非只靠強(qiáng)行記憶就能徹底覆蓋的。在小編看來,托福備考中想要提升應(yīng)對(duì)長難句的能力,比起費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力又不討好的背誦方式,大家更應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的是具體的應(yīng)對(duì)思路,比如如何劃分長難句中的主體結(jié)構(gòu)和修飾部分,不同句式在長難句里常會(huì)起到哪些作用等等。學(xué)會(huì)了快速抓住長難句主要框架分析成分的技巧,大家才能在考試中更為靈活地應(yīng)對(duì)不同結(jié)構(gòu)的長難句,游刃有余地找到解題核心信息。
注意訓(xùn)練限時(shí)應(yīng)對(duì)長難句能力
還有一個(gè)訓(xùn)練長難句的問題小編需要提醒大家,那就是限時(shí)練習(xí)。眾所周知托??荚嚨臅r(shí)間限時(shí)是比較嚴(yán)格的,特別是閱讀部分,題目量大時(shí)間又短,實(shí)際考試過程中考生是很難有充足時(shí)間慢慢分析長難句結(jié)構(gòu)的。而實(shí)際上在備考中能夠在不限時(shí)的情況下看懂長難句也只能算是基礎(chǔ)中的基礎(chǔ),考生還需要為了應(yīng)對(duì)考試中的時(shí)限壓力而進(jìn)行一些限時(shí)看懂長難句的訓(xùn)練。而在大部分的長難句備考教材中,關(guān)于如何提升看懂長難句速度的技巧是很少介紹到的,這需要考生自己通過限時(shí)訓(xùn)練來進(jìn)行摸索尋找方法。總而言之,應(yīng)對(duì)長難句能看懂只是第一步,快速看懂適應(yīng)考試的高強(qiáng)度時(shí)間壓力才是大家最終需要達(dá)成的長難句備考訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)。
綜上所述,托福閱讀中的長難句如何應(yīng)對(duì)考生還是需要在備考中多花一些心思進(jìn)行專門訓(xùn)練的,而上文提到的這些訓(xùn)練心得要點(diǎn),小編希望大家能夠認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)并結(jié)合到自身的備考計(jì)劃中。練好了長難句應(yīng)對(duì)技巧,大家在閱讀部分沖刺高分也會(huì)更有把握一些。
托福閱讀100個(gè)長難句精選匯總深度解析:Inequalities of gender...
托福閱讀100個(gè)長難句實(shí)例分析
原句案例:
Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in most communities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skills of men, including, often, their military skills.
詞匯講解:
inequality n. 不平等
pastoralist /'p?st?r?list/ n. 田園詩的作者,畜牧者
steep /sti?p/ adj. 陡峭的;(價(jià)格或要求)過高的,不合理的
hierarchy /'ha??rɑ?k?/ n. 等級(jí)制度
結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:
Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened (by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth) (in most communities),and (also by the requirement) (that women acquire most of the skills of men),(including, often, their military skills).
深度分析:
這句話的重點(diǎn)其實(shí)就是:they seem to have been softened
修飾一:(by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth) ,介詞短語
中文:沒有嚴(yán)格的財(cái)富等級(jí)制度
修飾二:(in most communities) ,介詞短語
中文:在大多數(shù)群落中
修飾三:(also by the requirement) ,介詞短語,注意這里的also by the requirement和by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth是并列的
中文:也需要
修飾四:(that women acquire most of the skills of men),從句
中文:女性獲得大多數(shù)男人的技能
修飾物:( including, often, their military skills),介詞短語
中文:包括常用軍事技能
參考翻譯:
性別不平等也已經(jīng)存在于畜牧主義社會(huì),但由于在大多數(shù)群落中并沒有嚴(yán)格的財(cái)富等級(jí)制度,以及要求女性獲得大多數(shù)男人的技能像軍事技能,這種不平等似乎已經(jīng)被緩解。
托福閱讀100個(gè)長難句精選匯總深度解析:the constantly changing...
托福閱讀100個(gè)長難句實(shí)例分析
原句案例:
Normally, the constantly changing levels of an animal's activity——sleeping, feeding,moving, reproducing, metabolizing, and producing enzymes and hormones, for example——are well coordinated with environmental rhythms, but the key question is whether the animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is instead dependent somehow on internal timers that themselves generate the observed biological rhythms.
詞匯講解:
metabolize /m?'t?b?la?z/ v. 新陳代謝
enzyme /'enza?m/ n.酵
hormone /'h??m??n/ n. 荷爾蒙,激素
rhythm /'r?e(?)m/ n.節(jié)奏;節(jié)律,循環(huán)
internal /?n't??n(?)l/ adj.內(nèi)在的,內(nèi)部的
結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:
Normally, the constantly changing levels of an animal's activity(——sleeping, feeding, moving,reproducing, metabolizing, and producing enzymes and hormones, for example——)are well coordinated with environmental rhythms, but the key question is whether the animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is instead dependent somehow on internal timers (that themselves generate the observed biological rhythms).
深度分析:
這個(gè)句子主干部分:
Normally, the constantly changing levels of an animal's activity are well coordinated with environmental rhythms, but the key question is whether the animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is insteaddependent somehow on internal timers.
大家要在讀的時(shí)候要注意忽略那些細(xì)節(jié),尤其是破折號(hào)后面的。
比較難理解的是the key question is whether the animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is instead dependent somehow on internal timers.
這里就是A or B的結(jié)構(gòu):
A= isdriven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset
or
B= isinstead dependent somehow on internal timers
中文:關(guān)鍵問題是,動(dòng)物的作息是否是由外界條件比如日出日落驅(qū)使,或者相反,是以某種方式依賴于。
修飾一:(——sleeping, feeding, moving,reproducing, metabolizing, and producing enzymes and hormones, for example——),破折號(hào),解釋說明
中文:例如,睡覺、喂食、活動(dòng)、繁殖、新陳代謝以及產(chǎn)生酶與荷爾蒙
修飾二:(that themselves generate the observed biological rhythms) ,從句,修飾internal timers
中文:自身產(chǎn)生并遵循的生物循環(huán)
參考翻譯:
一般來說,動(dòng)物活動(dòng)的不斷變化的程度——例如,睡覺、喂食、活動(dòng)、繁殖、新陳代謝以及產(chǎn)生酶與荷爾蒙——與環(huán)境的循環(huán)十分同步,但關(guān)鍵問題是,動(dòng)物的作息是否是由外界條件比如日出日落驅(qū)使,或者相反,是以某種方式依賴于自身產(chǎn)生并遵循的生物循環(huán)。
托福閱讀100個(gè)長難句精選匯總深度解析:The disorienting effects...
托福閱讀100個(gè)長難句實(shí)例分析
原句案例:
The disorienting effects of this mismatch between external time cues and internal schedules may persist, like our jet lag, for several days or weeks until certain cues such as the daylight/darkness cycle reset the organism's clock to synchronize with the daily rhythm of the new environment.
詞匯講解:
disorient /d?s'?r??ntet/ vt. 使(人)迷失方向,使(人)混亂
persist /p?'s?st/ vi.堅(jiān)持;持續(xù)
jet lag時(shí)差反應(yīng)
synchronize /?s??kr??na?z/ v. 同時(shí)發(fā)生,與...一致
結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:
The disorienting effects(of this mismatch)(between external time cues and internal schedules)may persist, (like our jet lag), (for several days or weeks) (until certain cues such as thedaylight/darkness cycle reset the organism's clock) (to synchronize with the daily rhythm of the new environment).
深度分析:
這個(gè)句子主干部分就是The disorienting effects may persist
修飾一:(of this mismatch) ,介詞短語
中文:這種不匹配
修飾二:(between external time cues andinternal schedules) ,介詞短語
中文:在外在信號(hào)與內(nèi)在循環(huán)之間
修飾三:(like our jet lag) ,介詞短語
中文:像時(shí)差反應(yīng)一樣
修飾四:(for several days or weeks) ,介詞短語
中文:幾天或幾周
修飾五:(until certain cues such as thedaylight/darkness cycle reset the organism's clock) ,從句
中文:直到一些外在信號(hào)像白天或黑夜重置了生物鐘
修飾六:(to synchronize with the dailyrhythm of the new environment) ,非謂語動(dòng)詞
中文:以便和新環(huán)境的日常循環(huán)同步
參考翻譯:
外在信號(hào)與內(nèi)在循環(huán)不匹配引起的錯(cuò)亂反應(yīng)可能會(huì)持續(xù)(像時(shí)差反應(yīng)一樣)幾天或幾周,直到一些外在信號(hào)像白天或黑夜重置了生物鐘以便和新環(huán)境的日常循環(huán)同步。
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