為什么我們的說的托福口語不地道
為什么我們的說的托福口語不地道?今天小編給大家?guī)砹藶槭裁次覀兊恼f的托?？谡Z不地道?,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
為什么我們的說的托福口語不地道?
我在托?？谡Z考試你必須要知道的文章中提到，語言作為一門交流工具，在日常對(duì)話過程當(dāng)中起到了彼此間傳達(dá)想法的媒介作用。我們實(shí)際是在用外在的語言來表達(dá)內(nèi)在的思維和想法，最終能夠達(dá)到一個(gè)彼此間有效溝通的目的。
從ETS出題人的角度來分析，托?？谡Z考試實(shí)際上是考查你用英文在特定時(shí)限下表述自己和別人想法的能力。筆者認(rèn)為，目前大家在準(zhǔn)備口語考試過程中所遇到的瓶頸主要有以下三點(diǎn)：第一，對(duì)題目類型不夠了解。玩一項(xiàng)游戲不了解游戲規(guī)則，即便你的能力很強(qiáng)，如果不按照套路出牌，只能是死的很有創(chuàng)意的節(jié)奏。因此需要大家通過對(duì)OG的仔細(xì)研究，或者老師的介紹對(duì)托福口語的題目類型有全面并且深刻的認(rèn)識(shí);第二，語言能力欠缺。詞不達(dá)意或者句不達(dá)意，即便表述清楚但給人一種不夠地道的感覺;第三，表達(dá)能力不足。無法在特定時(shí)限下用言簡(jiǎn)意賅的語言將陳述和轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容表達(dá)清楚。相信很多人都會(huì)有四十五秒或者一分鐘內(nèi)說不完或者說不好的感覺，為什么呢?表達(dá)能力差。究竟差在哪兒?這里會(huì)有考試時(shí)緊張的因素，可能導(dǎo)致的后果即評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所講到的發(fā)音不準(zhǔn)確、語音語調(diào)、語速不夠自然，表達(dá)不夠清晰流暢，當(dāng)然也可能是先天的表達(dá)能力不足所導(dǎo)致。
本文主要目的是來和大家一起探討，我們的英文表達(dá)究竟不夠地道在哪里?
首先我們不妨換位思考一下，老外講什么樣的漢語，你會(huì)覺得他的漢語很棒?
我的一位來自挪威卑爾根的朋友Marie跟我分享了她做presentation的講稿，其中的選詞我覺得很值得大家細(xì)細(xì)體味。比如，她寫道：“我認(rèn)為一個(gè)最理想的戀愛對(duì)象就是一個(gè)結(jié)婚對(duì)象，那樣我們的關(guān)系不會(huì)曇花一現(xiàn)。”我們大致一看，語言組織似乎沒有什么大的問題，意思也基本能表述清楚，但如果做口頭的演講陳述，總會(huì)給人一種前半句有些“老外”而后半句很“老內(nèi)”的感覺，為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況呢?我們不妨從這句話的英文源頭活水來分析。這句話的原句是這樣的：I think my ideal love partner is a marriage partner. That way our relationship is not temporary.很地道的英文。但在中文語言的表述上Marie卻選擇了完全不同的語言表達(dá)方式，前半句是比較生硬的直譯，而且“對(duì)象”一詞還出現(xiàn)了重復(fù)的情況，給人一種很土很秋褲有些晦澀的感覺。事實(shí)上，假設(shè)讓一個(gè)稍有語言功底的中國人來表述，他大多會(huì)引用主席語錄第38章5節(jié)27行(雖然據(jù)筆者初步估算主席語錄只有33章)，即“我覺得我心目中理想的對(duì)象就該是以結(jié)婚為目的的”。如此表述，不僅能夠很好的表述自己的想法，還能讓自己答案略帶喜感，甚至能表達(dá)自己的政治立場(chǎng)。后半句Marie表述的就非常地道，能夠很好的引用漢語習(xí)語曇花一現(xiàn)來適當(dāng)“賣弄”一下，表述自己對(duì)希望能有一段持久愛情的美好夙愿。
回到英文表述上來，先拿一個(gè)比較常見的成語例子來入手：覆水難收。大家第一次看到這個(gè)成語時(shí)，會(huì)想到用怎樣的英文來表述它呢?筆者通過測(cè)試，發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分學(xué)生都是搖頭或者很生硬的直譯，比如：Some poured water can not be taken back.但假如讓native speaker來表述的話，他們往往會(huì)說：There is no use crying over spilled milk, or there is no point beating a dead horse.
因此，從語言能力角度思考，無法引用地道習(xí)語諺語并融會(huì)貫通地使用，已成為我們口語突破的一個(gè)重要瓶頸。實(shí)際上這不光涉及到語言，還有地域包括文化的差異。那么，問題最終歸結(jié)到：究竟如何切實(shí)提升我們自身地道的美語語言表達(dá)能力?這個(gè)咱們下回接著再談。
托福獨(dú)立口語高頻話題資深講師批改分享：學(xué)習(xí)新的藝術(shù)形式
本期托福獨(dú)立口語高頻話題
If you were to study a new form of art, which would you like to choose, wood sculpture, portrait painting, or photography?
學(xué)生對(duì)此話題的表述答案
If I were to study a new form of art, I would choose photography. Because I want to record the beauty of the world. In my mind, the morning glow, blooming flowers, ??? green trees, and even the every day lives of people around me are worth recorded. Also, I'm a big fan of travelling. I'd like to take a lot of pictures during my journey. I believe, after many years, when I look back to those pictures I took. They will recore/recall those happy moments from memory. Besides, by sharing the pictures I took, others can also share my happyness and sadness, which can promote the relationship between us.
資深講師批改意見
語法方面出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤(Grammar)
1 are worth recorded————are worth recording
表達(dá)部分存在的問題(Expression)
1 they will recore those happy moments from memory————they will bring back happy memories
2 relationship between us————their relationship with me
此高頻話題高分口語模板分享
If I were to study a new form of art, I would choose photography. Because I want to record the beauty of the world. In my mind, the morning glow, blooming flowers, ??? green trees, and even the every day lives of people around me are worth recording. Also, I'm a big fan of travelling. I like to record the pictures of my journey. I believe after many years, when I look back to the pictures I took, they will bring back happy memories. Besides, by sharing the pictures I took, others can also share my happyness and sadness, which can promote their relationship with me.
如何克服托?？谡Z的心理障礙
有人說口語如果在英語是母語的國家里，會(huì)很快的成熟和精煉，我說那不是絕對(duì)的，因?yàn)樵诿媲暗木褪且粋€(gè)很好的例子。
無論你是在中國，還是在美國或英國，如果你有心理障礙，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)以下的現(xiàn)象：
1. 沒說話之前就在嘀咕，如果我說錯(cuò)了怎么辦?
2. 我是用什么時(shí)態(tài)呢?
3. 我是說慢點(diǎn)呢，還是快點(diǎn)?
4. I THINK, I THINK……
5. 深沉著……
6. 抬頭，眼睛向上翻著….. 尋找著……
一個(gè)從英聯(lián)邦回來的高中生, 在那里讀了2年的高中了,與他對(duì)話嚇了一跳,我緊跟著問了幾遍,你真的是從國外回來的?? 沒錯(cuò),原因是同學(xué)多數(shù)是中國人,而且參加討論的課程也少,不愿意與人交流,心理上就在抵抗,那么說托?？谡Z就更加的困難, IDEA全無,給人一種一片茫然的感覺,總是覺得自己會(huì)緊張,說不出來.
對(duì)于這種狀況,先消除的就是心理疾病,在交談中不斷地鼓勵(lì)和激勵(lì),并用一些適合他的方式來練嘴, 你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)心理障礙被屏蔽掉后,他說話的流利程度很快的上漲,幾天的時(shí)間就已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出來自信和流暢.
總結(jié)的說,口語訓(xùn)練,不是只有在英語母語國家才能練出來,中國有大批的沒有出國的中國人,口語也相當(dāng)?shù)暮?只是方法問題.更何況現(xiàn)在的信息發(fā)達(dá),聽和說的機(jī)會(huì)都相當(dāng)多.我一直認(rèn)為在托?？荚囍?口語和寫作是最好拿分的.
托?？谡Z提分的九大絕招
絕招 1 隨時(shí)隨地練習(xí)口語 。
Practice wherever you can and whenever you can. Any practice is good, whether you speak to someone who is a native English speaker or not.
絕招 2 以表達(dá)清晰為主，句型多樣化為次。
It's important to build your confidence. If possible, use simple English sentence structure that you know is correct, so that you can concentrate on getting your message across.
絕招 3 大膽運(yùn)用所掌握的詞匯，不要過分拘泥于語法。
Try to experiment with the English you know. Use words and phrases you know in new situations. Native English speakers are more likely to correct you if you use the wrong word than if you use the wrong grammar. Experimenting with vocabulary is a really good way of getting feedback.
絕招 4 透過身體語言理解對(duì)方意思并作出回應(yīng)。
Try to respond to what people say to you. You can often get clues to what people think by looking at their body language. Respond to them in a natural way.
絕招 5 盡量避免翻譯。
Try not to translate from or into your own language. This takes too much time and will make you more hesitant.
絕招 6 遇到不知該如何表達(dá)的時(shí)候，用一些常用詞表示自己正在思考。
If you forget a word, do what native English speakers do all the
time, and say things that "fill" the conversation. This is better than being completely silent. Try using um or er, if you forget the word.
絕招 7 語速不要過快。
Don't speak too fast. It's important to use a natural rhythm when speaking English. But if you speak too fast, it will be difficult for people to understand you.
絕招 8 說話時(shí)盡量放松，讓發(fā)音流利順暢。
Try to relax when you speak. When you speak English at anormal speed, you will discover that most of the pronunciation skills, such as linking between words, will happen automatically.
9 殺手锏 ：別怕開口說!隨時(shí)隨地練習(xí)，你會(huì)更自信
Don't be shy to speak! The more you practise, the more confident you'll become.
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為什么我們的說的托?？谡Z不地道
