BEC劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)真題

為了讓大家更好的學(xué)習(xí)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC考試，小編給大家整理了BEC商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)考試真題,下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

BEC真題一

C 1 Listen to what your boss tells you about how well you are working.

D 2 Realise that your boss will occasionally need to be left alone.

A 3 Comment on your boss's work in a positive spirit.

B 4 Try to impress your boss with your thoroughness.

A 5 Do not hesitate to involve your boss if you have difficulties with your work.

B 6 Show your boss that you are capable of working at a higher level.

C 7 Speak to your boss, even about matters not directly related to your work.

MANAGE YOUR BOSS

Advice from four top business people on how you should treat your boss

A

The Consultant

No boss likes nasty surprises. Thinking you can solve a serious problem before he or she finds out is a doomed strategy. Much better to inform your boss about the situation early on, together with your suggested solution. Also, remember that bosses like praise as much as any employee. Do this without making it obvious, if only to earn the right to criticise (constructively, of course). 'Consideration' is the key word. Treat bosses as you hope to be treated - it should help you to move up to the next level.

B

The Director

Of course there are all the formal things in managing your boss - ensuring that you come to meetings well prepared, that you have a good eye for detail, and so on. But you also need to distinguish effectively between things that are important and things that are merely small details. Bosses like it if you can see 'the big picture' because they want to be able to delegate. So it's all about psychology, as well as performance.

C

The Chairman

Bosses want people to understand their objectives, their way of working and the pressures they are under. If you can understand what sort of individual your boss is, it is easier to appreciate why certain reactions might arise, and thus avoid problems. Also, keep the lines of communication with your boss open. You need to receive ongoing feedback on whether your work is effective, asking about what you do not understand, and, if necessary, discussing personal issues from outside the workplace. When the gap between you is reduced, so are the difficulties.

D

The Chief Executive

Understand that a boss will want to take the glory when things go well. After all, they take ultimate responsibility, so they deserve some of the credit. Also, find out about your boss's outside interests, as this can help to improve the relationship. You may find you have an interest in common. Similarly, recognise that everyone is human, and there are times when a request from you may be unwelcome. Get to know your boss's Personal Assistant, who can advise you when it is a good time to talk to him or her.

《Manage your boss》，管理你的老板，文章是四個(gè)業(yè)內(nèi)人士就如何與老板相處給出了自己的意見(jiàn)，哪些應(yīng)該做的，哪些不應(yīng)該做的，是一門技巧，更是一門學(xué)問(wèn)。

第一題，聽(tīng)你的老板告訴你工作得怎么樣。答案是C段的這么一句：You need to receive ongoing feedback on whether your work is effective。你需要接受關(guān)于你的工作是否有效率的持續(xù)反饋。這一段是在講要和老板保持溝通，否則兩人之間有隔閡的話，麻煩就來(lái)了。How well you are working也就是whether your work is effective。

第二題，認(rèn)識(shí)到你的老板有時(shí)候也需要獨(dú)處。答案在D段最后一句，但是比較隱晦，需要理解：recognise that everyone is human, and there are times when a request from you may be unwelcome. Get to know your boss's Personal Assistant, who can advise you when it is a good time to talk to him or her.認(rèn)識(shí)到大家都是人，有時(shí)你的要求可能并不受歡迎。想辦法去認(rèn)識(shí)老板的個(gè)人助理，他可以給你建議什么時(shí)候找老板談話合適。

找老板談話要選擇合適的時(shí)機(jī)，也就是說(shuō)有的時(shí)候老板也不想被人打擾。這也就是第二題所說(shuō)的老板有的時(shí)候也需要獨(dú)處。

第三題，用一種積極的精神評(píng)價(jià)老板的工作。答案是A段的這么一句：remember that bosses like praise as much as any employee.記住老板也和員工一樣喜歡贊揚(yáng)。praise也就是comment in a positive spirit。

第四題，試圖用你的周全來(lái)給老板留下印象。Thoroughness的意思是周全，看朗文詞典對(duì)thorough的解釋：including every possible detail。但看中文“徹底的”不容易理解。所以答案是ensuring that you come to meetings well prepared, that you have a good eye for detail, and so on.確保你開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)已準(zhǔn)備充分，你有一雙發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)的好的雙眼，等等。You have a good eye for detail可以對(duì)應(yīng)于including every possible detail。

第五題，如果對(duì)工作有困難不要遲疑告訴你的老板。答案是A段的第一句：No boss likes nasty surprises. Thinking you can solve a serious problem before he or she finds out is a doomed strategy. Much better to inform your boss about the situation early on, together with your suggested solution.沒(méi)有人喜歡惡心人的驚喜。想想你自己可以解決一個(gè)重要的問(wèn)題結(jié)果他卻發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個(gè)注定失敗的策略。最好在事情剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候通知你的老板，以及你提議的解決辦法。

第六題，表現(xiàn)給你的老板你能在一個(gè)更高的水平上工作。答案在B段：Bosses like it if you can see 'the big picture' because they want to be able to delegate.。如果你能看到大的“圖景”老板會(huì)喜歡的，因?yàn)樗麄円残枰扇蝿?wù)。這個(gè)句子前面說(shuō)要能區(qū)別重要的事情和旁枝末節(jié)。能夠看到“大的圖景”是需要眼界和決斷力的，因此這里的see ‘the big picture’可以對(duì)應(yīng)于題干中的working at a higher level。

第七題，同你的老板交談，即便是并不直接與工作相關(guān)的事情。答案是C段這么一句：if necessary, discussing personal issues from outside the workplace.如果有必要的話，討論工作外的私事。整個(gè)C段都是講同老板溝通的重要性，最關(guān)鍵的一句是keep the lines of communication with your boss open。有的時(shí)候并不需要直接在原文中找到和題干相同意思的句子，憑借每一段的中心意思就可以做出來(lái)。這里的personal issues也就是matters not directly related to your work.

BEC真題二

Personal Assistant of the Year

0 Anne-Marie Garrard was shocked when it was announced that she had won the

00 Personal Assistant of the Year award. ‘The other candidates seemed me

34 to be very strong, and I have to say I found that the selection procedure really

35 hard,' she says. 'I didn't think I had any chance of winning. When I heard my

36 name, my legs were so weak I could only hardly stand up,' she laughs. So

37 how is 'the best' personal assistant chosen from a group of so extremely good

38 and very different individuals? The final decision was reached after a

39 day-long session of the tests, interviews and exercises. Garrard believes

40 the skills she uses in her job helped her how to perform well. For instance, although

41 most of her work is for her company's Managing Director, she works for six bosses

42 in all, so she always tries out to be prepared for anything that might happen.

43 As for the future, her firm has closed for its summer break now; as soon as

44 they will open again, there is a pay rise waiting for her. But Garrard is not

45 going to be relax. She says, 'There's always room for personal development.You must keep trying to improve.

這篇文章講的是一個(gè)女生獲得個(gè)人助理獎(jiǎng)后的情況。表達(dá)了一下激動(dòng)了心情并且展望了未來(lái)。

34題，find后面直接可以接復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，例如find the story very interesting。如果是find that的話，that后面要接從句。所以這里that多余。

35題，正確的

36題，從意思上理解，說(shuō)的是由于激動(dòng)差點(diǎn)都站不起來(lái)，I could hardly stand up。Only多余。

37題，extremely是副詞，直接用來(lái)修飾good，so在這里多余。

38題，正確的

39題，tests, interviews and exercises并不是特指，不需要用the。

40題，help sb.to do sth.固定詞組，how多余

41題，正確的

42題，try out是試驗(yàn)，考驗(yàn)的意思，后面一般接for，這里應(yīng)該直接用tries to be表示嘗試。

43題，正確的

44題，as soon as，一…..就，后面從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)，所以will多余。

45題，be going to后面直接接動(dòng)詞，表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，如果有be的話后面接形容詞。relax是動(dòng)詞，所以be多余。

BEC真題三

Planning

In any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning, there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms (19).......their accounting on a yearly (20)......., but also because similar (21)....... often occur in the market.

Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But typically, planning for next year may start nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to (22)....... of the complete plan three months before the start of the year.

Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers (23) ....... progress against targets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will (24)....... the objectives and plans for the future.

In today's business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to (25)....... , some analysts believe that long-term planning is pointless. In some markets they may be right, as long as companies can build the sort of flexibility into their (26).......which allows them to (27).......to any sudden changes.

Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to (28).......their long-term goals. This may reflect the time it takes to commission and build a new production plant, or, in marketing (29)....... , it may be a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range of new products, and reach a certain (30)....... in the market. If, for example, it is going to take five years for a particular airline to become the (31)....... choice amongst business travellers on certain routes, the airline must plan for the various (32)....... involved.

Every one-year plan, therefore, must be (33)....... in relation to longer-term plans,and it should contain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals.

19 A make up B carry out C bring about D put down

20 A basis B grounds C foundation D structure

21 A distributions B guides C designs D patterns

22 A approval B permission C consent D decision

23 A value B inspect C review D survey

24 A command B prompt C influence D persuade

25 A guess B speculate C reckon D predict

26 A operations B techniques C measures D exercises

27 A answer B respond C counter D reply

28 A move B lead C develop D benefit

29 A expressions B descriptions C words D terms

30 A reputation B position C situation D influence

31 A desired B selected C preferred D supposed

32 A acts B steps C means D points

33 A handed over B drawn up C made out D written off

這篇文章是關(guān)于公司計(jì)劃的(planning)，做計(jì)劃時(shí)的過(guò)程和需要考慮的一些因素。

全文的第一句話說(shuō)公司做的決定是一個(gè)年度過(guò)程(annual process)。接下來(lái)談到原因。19題，make up是組成、捏造、化妝的意思，用在這里和accounting搭配不上;carry out是執(zhí)行(to do something that needs to be organized and planned);bring about 是帶來(lái)，使發(fā)生(to make something happen);put down 放下，鎮(zhèn)壓。從意思上看，應(yīng)該選B，carry out。

事實(shí)上，carry out accounting on …..basis是金融英語(yǔ)里專業(yè)且地道的說(shuō)法。最常見(jiàn)的一種是carry out accounting on the accrual basis 執(zhí)行權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制。相應(yīng)的，20題選basis，公司時(shí)在一年的基礎(chǔ)上執(zhí)行會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則的。

21題，這里需要理解上下文的含義。這一整句話仍然是在說(shuō)明公司進(jìn)行planning的原因。正是因?yàn)橄嗨频哪Ｊ綍?huì)在市場(chǎng)上出現(xiàn)，所以公司才需要進(jìn)行計(jì)劃。選patterns是最符合原義的。

22題，很明顯，這里填入的詞是表示批準(zhǔn)、通過(guò)之類的，是指年前三個(gè)月完整的計(jì)劃就會(huì)被通過(guò)。從中文意思上看，A、B、C三個(gè)詞都是符合的。具體看英文解釋對(duì)幾個(gè)詞的用法進(jìn)行區(qū)分。

approval：when a plan, decision, or person is officially accepted批準(zhǔn)，正式的

eg:The president has already given his approval to the plan.

permission：when someone is officially allowed to do something允許，也是正式的

eg:You must ask permission before taking any photographs inside the church.

consent：permission to do something不那么正式的允許

eg:He took the car without the owner's consent.

這一題是講的計(jì)劃被批準(zhǔn)或者通過(guò)，所以用approval。

23題，這里的前后文的意思是計(jì)劃貫穿全年始終，所以經(jīng)理們需要回顧過(guò)去，展望未來(lái)。后面的looking forward to是個(gè)答案信號(hào)，相對(duì)應(yīng)的前面應(yīng)該選review，根據(jù)目標(biāo)回顧過(guò)程。

24題比較簡(jiǎn)單，理解了句子含義不難做出選擇?，F(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情將會(huì)影響未來(lái)的目標(biāo)和計(jì)劃。選influence。

25題，從這個(gè)句子來(lái)看，填入的詞是應(yīng)該可以直接和market搭配的。Predict the market是商英里地道常見(jiàn)的用法，市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)。

26題，往他們的操作中增加一點(diǎn)靈活性，這樣可以對(duì)突然發(fā)生的變化做出反應(yīng)。

Operation: the work or activities done by a business or organization, or the process of doing this work.

27題，respond to 對(duì)…..做出反應(yīng)。

28題，為了開(kāi)發(fā)公司的長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)，需要一年以上的時(shí)間來(lái)計(jì)劃。從意思和用法上，只能選擇develop。

29題，in market terms 用市場(chǎng)術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)。固定用法。

30題，position in the market，市場(chǎng)上的地位。前面已經(jīng)暗示了這里要用市場(chǎng)術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)表述，position in the market就是固定表達(dá)

(positioning is that exclusive space your brand owns in the marketplace. It's relevant and compelling to your customers, and different from your competitors.)

31題，只需要理解preferred的意思：首選的

32題，想讓這個(gè)航空公司成為特定路線上商務(wù)旅客的首選，必須先計(jì)劃好相關(guān)的步驟。按步驟來(lái)擬定計(jì)劃，最后才能成功，所以選step。

33題，需要理解四個(gè)詞組的含義。

hand over: to give something to someone with your hand, especially because they have asked for it or should have it.交出

draw up: to prepare a written document, such as a list or contract起草

(draw up plans/proposal)

e.g: He was asked to draw up proposals for reforming the law

make out:

to be just able to see or hear something 看見(jiàn)或聽(tīng)見(jiàn)

to understand something, especially the reason why something has happened理解

write off:

to write a letter to a company or organization asking them to send you goods or information寫信寄出

to decide that someone or something is useless, unimportant, or a failure 注銷

to officially say that a debt no longer has to be paid, or officially accept that you cannot get back money you have spent or lost 勾銷

BEC真題四

Trouble with Teamwork

Mary Owen examines the role and efficiency of teams

Recruiters say that candidates who can give examples of work they have done as members of a successful team are in as strong a position as those who can point to significant individual achievement. Indeed, too much of the latter may suggest that the person concerned is not a 'team player' - one of the more serious failings in the book of management.

The importance of being a team player is a side effect of the increasing interaction across departments and functional divides. Instead of pushing reports, paperwork and decisions around the organisation, 'teams provide a dynamic meeting place where ideas can be shared and expertise more carefully targeted at important business issues,' says Steve Gardner, in his book Key Management Concepts. He adds, 'Globalisation has added a further dimension to teamwork. Multinational teams now study policy decisions in the light of their impact on the local market.'

But is teamworking being overdone? 'Some managers are on as many as seven or eight different teams', says Dr Cathy Bandy, a psychologist who recently ran a conference on the subject. 'They take up so much time that managers can't get on with core tasks.' Forming teams and having meetings has, she says, become an end in itself, almost regardless of purpose. There is also the danger of an unhealthy desire to keep the team going after the work has been done. 'People feel the need to belong, and team membership can provide a kind of psychological support.'

The idea behind teamworking is that, when the right group of people is brought together, a 'force' develops which is greater than the sum of their individual talents. This is often true in sport, where good players can reach unexpected heights as members of an international team. However,few business situations have as clear a set of objectives, or as clear criteria of success or failure, as winning a match.

'In business, everyone needs to be clear about what the challenge is and whether a team is the right way of approaching it', says Steve Gardner. 'Unfortunately, people focus instead on who the members of the team should be and what roles they are to play' Dr Bandy agrees. 'There is always a danger that teams can turn into committees,' she says. 'In a lot of situations, one or two individuals would be much more effective.'

So what makes a successful team? There are some general qualities that have been identified. Steve Gardnerrecommends that in every team there should be someone who is good at researching ideas and another who is good at shooting down impractical ones. There should be those who can resolve the tensions that naturally occur in a team and others who are focused on getting the job done. Also, providing a clear and achievable target at the outset is the best way of ensuring that the team will move on to greater things.

13 What point does the writer make about teamworking at the beginning of the article?

A It is the most successful form of management.

B It has changed the recruitment procedure in companies.

C Well-run teams still allow individuals to demonstrate their talents.

D Being a team player is now considered an essential management skill.

14 According to the article, teamwork developed within companies as a response to

A modern office design.

B changing work practices.

C a reduction in administrative tasks.

D the expansion of international business.

15 In the third paragraph, Dr Bandy suggests that

A many employees do not enjoy working in teams.

B some managers are not very effective team leaders.

C some teams are created unnecessarily.

D few teams are well organised.

16 According to the writer, teamwork is more effective in the field of sport because the players

A know what they want to achieve.

B are more competitive by nature.

C have more individual talent.

D can be driven by national pride.

17 Steve Gardner and Dr Bandy agree that when a business team is created people do not pay enough attention to

A the structure of the team.

B alternatives to the team.

C selecting the team members.

D directing the team's activities.

18 What is Steve Gardner's advice on operating a successful team?

A Maintain a flexible approach to membership.

B Allow personalities to develop within the team.

C Select people who fit naturally into certain roles.

D Make every effort to avoid conflict between members.

《Trouble with Teamwork》，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的麻煩。文章講了團(tuán)隊(duì)的重要性和很多團(tuán)隊(duì)存在的問(wèn)題，以及怎么樣才能打造一個(gè)成功有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)。

第十三題，問(wèn)文章開(kāi)頭作者針對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作做了什么論點(diǎn)。第一段是強(qiáng)調(diào)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性，太多的個(gè)人成果會(huì)顯得這個(gè)人不是個(gè)合格的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員。選答案要理解第一句話的含義：Recruiters say that candidates who can give examples of work they have done as members of a successful team are in as strong a position as those who can point to significant individual achievement.招聘者說(shuō)能夠給出自己作為一個(gè)成功團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的例子的候選人同那些指出重要的個(gè)人成果的人具有同樣重要的地位。言下之意，擁有團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的經(jīng)歷也很重要。所以選D，作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員如今被視為必要的管理技巧。A、B、C都沒(méi)有提到。

第十四題，問(wèn)公司內(nèi)部的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作是作為對(duì)什么的回應(yīng)。也就是問(wèn)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的目的是什么，答案是第二段的這么一句：'teams provide a dynamic meeting place where ideas can be shared and expertise more carefully targeted at important business issues 團(tuán)隊(duì)提供了一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的會(huì)議場(chǎng)所，使得思想可以分享，技能可以更加仔細(xì)的對(duì)準(zhǔn)重要的商業(yè)問(wèn)題。這句里的dynamic meeting place可以對(duì)應(yīng)于B段的changing work practice。

第十五題，問(wèn)在第三段Dr Bandy暗示什么。答案是她的一句原話：Forming teams and having meetings has, she says, become an end in itself, almost regardless of purpose.形成團(tuán)隊(duì)然后開(kāi)會(huì)成了它本身的終點(diǎn)，幾乎不管目的是什么。也就是說(shuō)很多團(tuán)隊(duì)的建立是沒(méi)有意義的，多余的。選C，一些團(tuán)隊(duì)被不必要的創(chuàng)建了。

第十六題，問(wèn)作者認(rèn)為團(tuán)隊(duì)合作在體育領(lǐng)域里更有效的原因是什么。第四段講當(dāng)一群正確的人被組合到一起時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種高于這些人個(gè)人能力的力量，在體育比賽里就是如此。這一題的答案是第四段的最后一句：few business situations have as clear a set of objectives, or as clear criteria of success or failure, as winning a match.。很少有企業(yè)能像贏得一場(chǎng)比賽一樣有一系列清晰的目標(biāo)，或者是對(duì)成功或失敗有清晰的評(píng)判準(zhǔn)則。也就是A選項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的：知道他們想要實(shí)現(xiàn)什么。what they want to achieve可以對(duì)應(yīng)于a set of objectives。

第十七題，問(wèn)這兩個(gè)人同意當(dāng)一個(gè)商業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)被創(chuàng)立時(shí)人們沒(méi)有把注意力放在什么上面。這一題要理解第五段的意思。第一句說(shuō)In business, everyone needs to be clear about what the challenge is and whether a team is the right way of approaching it。在企業(yè)，每個(gè)人都必須很清楚挑戰(zhàn)是什么以及團(tuán)隊(duì)是否是實(shí)現(xiàn)它的最好的辦法?？紤]團(tuán)隊(duì)是不是最好的辦法，也就是說(shuō)要考慮其他可能的途徑，即B選項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的團(tuán)隊(duì)的替代品(alternatives to the team)，后面有句focus instead….人們卻把注意力放在了其他的地方。從這些可以看出答案是B。

第十八題，問(wèn)關(guān)于運(yùn)作一個(gè)成功團(tuán)隊(duì)Steve Gardner的建議是什么。這題的答案是對(duì)最后一段的概括。答案是最后一段第三句recommend后面的一長(zhǎng)串there…who，要有不同的人勝任不同的角色。歸納起來(lái)，就是各司其職選C：選擇能夠自然融洽的勝任某個(gè)角色的人。其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)都沒(méi)提到。

第二段有個(gè)地方值得解釋下。Globalisation has added a further dimension to teamwork。

這里的dimension用法比較特別，表示方面，特征，并且是很地道常見(jiàn)的說(shuō)法

牛津詞典的解釋：an aspect or feature of a situation, problem, or thing。

麥克米蘭的解釋：a part of a situation, especially when it influences the way you think about the situation。

e.g: Doing volunteer work has added a whole new dimension to my life.

常見(jiàn)搭配：an extra/added/additional/further dimension

BEC真題五

《SELL,SELL,SELL》

Last year over ￡ 13bn was spent on advertising in the UK and research indicates that most people will have seen 2m sales messages by the time they are 30. Advertising is big business and often acts as the interface between commerce and culture. While there are many adverts that just irritate, there are some that are miniature works of art. (0)... .The advertisers themselves believe they are delivering an important message because they are protecting and promoting a client's brand and extending greater choice to the consumer. (8).........Instead of being free, many TV channels would only be available on subscription packages of about ￡500 per month and newspapers might cost six times more than their present cover price.

There are many different models of advertising practice, but no one is precisely sure what makes a good advert. (9).........While some try to get you to buy a product, others, such as anti-smoking campaigns, aim to get you not to do something. Some adverts are not aimed at consumers at all, but at retailers, shareholders or employees. For example, manufacturers often advertise their products in trade magazines to reassure retailers that a new brand will be widely promoted. Petrol companies often choose to emphasise how environmentally friendly they are; this is to offset any negative public perceptions of the industry rather than to persuade consumers to buy an individual brand of petrol. (10).........This is because petrol is regarded, in advertising terms, as a distress purchase. We get it because we can't do without it, not because we really want it. In general, however, the main aim of advertising is to attribute emotional qualities to a product in order to create an individual brand that the consumer can associate with.

Working out whether an advert has been successful is extremely difficult.(11).........For example, what persuaded them to buy a car? You cannot be sure whether it was the advertising, the price, the opposition's distribution, changes in the law or changes in consumer attitudes that was the determining factor. What advertising can't do is make consumers buy something they don't want. It can perhaps persuade you to try something once, but if you don't like what you get, you won't try it again.(12).........In other words, where there is no emotional engagement, such as a consumer's feelings about a bag of peas, beliefs are much harder to shift.

A Moreover, it is almost impossible to get people to change the way they view things they are indifferent to.

B Over the last ten years, other forms of advertising, such as direct marketing, have become increasingly popular as well as scientific.

C They don't, as the industry well knows, care enough to be brand loyal to such a product.

D Whether you accept this argument or not, you have to recognise that without advertising our world would be very different.

E The problem lies in isolating precisely what motivates people to behave in a particular way.

FThis is partly because not all advertisements are designed to do the same thing.

G The production costs involved in these can reach higher figures than those for the average movie.

《Sell,Sell,Sell》，聽(tīng)名字像是跟銷售有關(guān)，其實(shí)是關(guān)于廣告的。廣告的最終目的就是提升銷售。第一段是總體講述廣告業(yè)的情況以及廣告的作用。第二段介紹了廣告的幾種形式，不同的公司對(duì)廣告的要求是不一樣的。第三段講怎么樣才能打好廣告，一不小心就容易讓觀眾產(chǎn)生逆反心理。

第八題，這一空的前后都是在講廣告的作用。前面說(shuō)做廣告的人認(rèn)為他們是在傳遞一種重要的信息，因?yàn)樗麄儽Ｗo(hù)并且提升了客戶的品牌同時(shí)又給消費(fèi)者提供了更多的選擇。后面說(shuō)要是沒(méi)有廣告的話，很多電視節(jié)目就不會(huì)免費(fèi)，而且報(bào)紙會(huì)比現(xiàn)在貴六倍。從前后的信息可以看出這里是在講廣告的重要性，廣告是必不可少的。D選項(xiàng)可以和這里的前后內(nèi)容相吻合：不管你接不接受這個(gè)論斷，你都得承認(rèn)沒(méi)了廣告世界將大不一樣。this argument是指前面廣告商的那段話，而very different就是引出后面的電視不免費(fèi)、報(bào)紙漲價(jià)等等。

第九題，這一段是講廣告的不同模式。第一句話就說(shuō)廣告有很多模式，但是沒(méi)有人能夠精確的確定什么才是好的廣告。緊接著后面說(shuō)了不同的廣告有不同的目的和側(cè)重點(diǎn)。從while some…的句式可以看出這里是擴(kuò)展說(shuō)明的，那么F空應(yīng)該接一個(gè)過(guò)渡的句子，表示不同的公司對(duì)廣告有不同的需求。選項(xiàng)F符合這一特點(diǎn)：這部分是因?yàn)椴皇撬械膹V告都被設(shè)計(jì)成干相同的事情。也就是說(shuō)不同的廣告會(huì)滿足不同的需求。This是指代前面的no one is precisely sure?？崭窈竺娴臄U(kuò)展說(shuō)明可以對(duì)應(yīng)于do the same thing。

第十題，這一空前面是以汽油公司為例，說(shuō)明這些公司的廣告并不怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人品牌，他們更加看重的是整個(gè)大環(huán)境的友好。后面也是具體解釋這一現(xiàn)象的原因。所以相應(yīng)的第十空也是填入一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，前面的rather than to persuade consumers to buy an individual brand of petrol是一個(gè)暗示，這一空應(yīng)該填入C：他們并沒(méi)有像這個(gè)行業(yè)所熟知的那樣看重對(duì)這種產(chǎn)品的品牌忠誠(chéng)度。Brand loyal也就是buy an individual brand of petrol

第十一題，最后一段講什么樣的廣告才能算是成功的。第一句就說(shuō)評(píng)判很困難。11題空格后面是舉例說(shuō)明。what persuaded them to buy a car是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的句子。因?yàn)闆](méi)有辦法判斷到底是什么最終說(shuō)服消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買，所以很難評(píng)判一個(gè)廣告是否成功。11題選E，motivate是關(guān)鍵詞，可以對(duì)應(yīng)最后一段反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的persuade。

E選項(xiàng)的句子值得分析理解：The problem lies in isolating precisely what motivates people to behave in a particular way.

Isolating在這里不是形容詞，孤立的，而是動(dòng)詞的分詞形式，isolate此處的用法是：if you isolate an idea, problem etc, you consider it separately from other things that are connected with it。(isolate something from something)將…剔出(以便看清和單獨(dú)處理)。

所以這個(gè)句子的含義就是問(wèn)題在于準(zhǔn)確的將人們某種行為的動(dòng)機(jī)給剔除出來(lái)。

第十二題，這一空的前后都是在說(shuō)客戶對(duì)產(chǎn)品喜好的重要性。前面說(shuō)if you don't like what you get, you won't try it again，后面說(shuō)where there is no emotional engagement, beliefs are much harder to shift.。沒(méi)有感情依賴的話，觀念很難被轉(zhuǎn)變。從前后內(nèi)容來(lái)看，A選項(xiàng)最適合填入：另外，讓人轉(zhuǎn)變對(duì)他們不感興趣的事情的看法幾乎是一件不可能的事情。Change the way對(duì)應(yīng)于shift，indifferent to對(duì)應(yīng) there is no emotional engagement.