2020下半年翻譯考試二級(jí)筆譯模擬題匯總匯總分享

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2020下半年翻譯考試二級(jí)筆譯模擬題

Tencent, Chinese Scientists Initiate Award Program to Prompt Sci-tech Development

Chinese tech giant Tencent launched an award program on Friday with the country’s leading scientists to support research and development in life sciences, advanced manufacturing and other key science and technologies fields.

The Xplorer Prize will be awarded to 50 science professionals, aged below 45, each year. Prize winners will receive 600,000 yuan (86,300 US dollars) annually for five consecutive years to support their exploration in fundamental science and cutting-edge core technologies, according to a statement from Tencent Foundation, the company’s charitable platform.

The Tencent Foundation will offer one billion yuan as the initial fund for the award, which is open to registration in next January and will announce its first batch of winners in July.

The award will focus on supporting nine fields including mathematical physics, life sciences, astronomy and geosciences, new chemical materials, information electronics, energy and environmental protection, advanced manufacturing, transportation and construction technology as well as cutting-edge and cross-disciplinary technology.

China’s top leadership has called for enhanced efforts to facilitate fundamental science and cutting-edge technologies to boost the country’s innovative competitiveness.

Cutting-edge science and technologies are crucial to lifting China’s development to a higher level, and it’s important to support young science professionals, said Rao Yi, a life sciences professor with Peking University and one of the 14 Chinese scientists who co-initiated the award.

Tencent Chairman and CEO Pony Ma said it is natural for Tencent to contribute to advances in science and technologies by complementing the country’s support for sci-tech explorations.

The Shenzhen-based firm announced a major structural reorganization in late September to highlight the role of science and technologies in the company’s growth as part of its 20th anniversary commemorations.

科技巨頭騰訊與中國(guó)科學(xué)家共同發(fā)起了一項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃，以促進(jìn)科技發(fā)展

周五，中國(guó)科技巨頭騰訊推出了一項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃，由中國(guó)頂尖科學(xué)家參與，以支持生命科學(xué)、先進(jìn)制造和其他關(guān)鍵科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的研發(fā)。

Xplorer獎(jiǎng)每年頒發(fā)給50名年齡在45歲以下的科學(xué)專業(yè)人士。根據(jù)騰訊慈善平臺(tái)騰訊基金會(huì)的一份聲明，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔@得每年60萬(wàn)元(86300美元)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，連續(xù)5年，以支持他們?cè)诨A(chǔ)科學(xué)和前沿核心技術(shù)的探索研究。

騰訊基金會(huì)將提供10億元人民幣作為該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的啟動(dòng)資金，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)將于明年1月開(kāi)放注冊(cè)，并將于7月公布第一批獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)摺?/p>

該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)將重點(diǎn)支持九個(gè)領(lǐng)域，包括數(shù)學(xué)物理、生命科學(xué)、天文學(xué)和地球科學(xué)、新化學(xué)材料、信息電子、能源和環(huán)境保護(hù)、先進(jìn)制造、運(yùn)輸和建筑技術(shù)以及尖端和跨學(xué)科技術(shù)。

中國(guó)最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層呼吁加大力度，來(lái)促進(jìn)基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)和尖端技術(shù)的發(fā)展，以提高中國(guó)的創(chuàng)新競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

北京大學(xué)生命科學(xué)教授、14位共同發(fā)起該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的中國(guó)科學(xué)家之一饒毅說(shuō)，尖端科學(xué)技術(shù)對(duì)于提升中國(guó)的發(fā)展水平至關(guān)重要，對(duì)支持年輕的科學(xué)專業(yè)人士也十分重要。

騰訊董事長(zhǎng)兼首席執(zhí)行官馬化騰表示，騰訊會(huì)通過(guò)響應(yīng)國(guó)家對(duì)科技開(kāi)發(fā)的支持，為科技進(jìn)步做出貢獻(xiàn)是理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

作為公司成立20周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)的一部分，這家總部位于深圳的公司在9月底宣布啟動(dòng)一項(xiàng)重大的結(jié)構(gòu)重組計(jì)劃，以突出科技在公司發(fā)展中的作用。

2020下半年翻譯考試二級(jí)筆譯模擬題

North American Dealmaking Leaves M&A at Record High

North American companies unleashed a dealmaking spree totalling more than $50bn on Monday, as executives ignored a pending trade war and uncertainty around US midterm elections to swallow European rivals in a series of industry-changing mergers.

Boardroom confidence, cheap debt and record stock prices have spurred a wave of activity that left global dealmaking at a record high of $3.2tn in 2018. Companies are racing to remake themselves by snatching trophy assets or consolidating with rivals before the business cycle turns. 、

Deals lined up on Monday ranged from the glitz of the catwalks in Milan – as Michael Kors readied a multibillion dollar takeover offer for storied Milanese fashion house Versace – down to the grit of the mining world, with Canada’s Barrick Gold agreeing a $6bn all-stock purchase of Randgold Resources.

But the biggest prize was in media, as Comcast trounced 21st Century Fox and Walt Disney in a weekend auction for Sky with a 30.6bn bid, while in the radio sector SiriusXM secured a $3.5bn deal for digital music provider Pandora Media.

Global mergers and acquisitions have totalled $3.24tn so far this year, 40 per cent higher than the same time a year ago and ahead of the record pace set in 2007, according to data from Thomson Reuters. Megadeals of more than $5bn in value accounted for 44 per cent of transactions this year.

A rally in global stock indices has assuaged concerns that the intensifying trade dispute between the US and China would dent economic activity, and in turn dealmaking. The S&P 500 has climbed 16.5 per cent over the past 12 months, while the Dow Jones Industrial Index rose by 19 per cent, and both sat near record territory on Monday.

北美引領(lǐng)全球并購(gòu)交易創(chuàng)新高

北美公司周一發(fā)起總計(jì)逾500億美元的交易狂潮，公司高管們忽視了懸而未決的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)以及圍繞美國(guó)中期選舉的不確定性，在一系列改變行業(yè)格局的合并中吞并歐洲競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。

董事會(huì)信心、低成本債務(wù)以及創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄高位的股價(jià)刺激了一波活動(dòng)，促使2018年全球并購(gòu)交易額創(chuàng)下3.2萬(wàn)億美元的歷史最高紀(jì)錄。企業(yè)競(jìng)相趕在商業(yè)周期轉(zhuǎn)向之前買下炫耀性資產(chǎn)或者與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手整合，以求重塑自我。

周一的交易活動(dòng)既包括華麗耀眼的米蘭時(shí)裝秀，邁克·科爾斯為傳奇色彩的米蘭時(shí)裝公司范哲思準(zhǔn)備了數(shù)十億美元的收購(gòu)要約;又彰顯出采礦業(yè)的勇氣，加拿大的巴里克黃金同意以60億美元全股票方式收購(gòu)蘭德黃金資源公司。

但最大的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)是在媒體行業(yè)——康卡斯特在英國(guó)天空廣播公司的周末拍賣中，以306億英鎊的出價(jià)擊敗21世紀(jì)?？怂购腿A特迪士尼，而在無(wú)線電廣播領(lǐng)域，SiriusXM以35億美元收購(gòu)了數(shù)字音樂(lè)提供商Pandora Media。

湯森路透的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，全球并購(gòu)交易今年迄今總計(jì)達(dá)到3.24萬(wàn)億美元，比去年同期增長(zhǎng)40%，超過(guò)2007年創(chuàng)下的歷史最高水平。價(jià)值超過(guò)50億美元的巨額交易占到今年交易的44%。

之前人們擔(dān)憂，中美之間日益激烈的貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端將會(huì)削弱經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，進(jìn)而影響交易，但全球股指上漲緩解了這種擔(dān)憂。標(biāo)普500指數(shù)在過(guò)去12個(gè)月里上漲了16.5%，而道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)上漲了19%，兩大指數(shù)周一均逼近歷史高點(diǎn)。

2020下半年翻譯考試二級(jí)筆譯模擬題

歐洲部分機(jī)場(chǎng)安裝測(cè)謊儀

很快機(jī)場(chǎng)安檢步驟新增一項(xiàng)。歐洲的幾個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)將開(kāi)始對(duì)乘客進(jìn)行謊言測(cè)試。特制測(cè)謊儀將利用人工智能技術(shù)對(duì)旅客進(jìn)行測(cè)試。

這些測(cè)謊儀由一個(gè)叫i-BorderControl的歐盟項(xiàng)目提供支持。首批儀器將投放至匈牙利、希臘和拉脫維亞的邊界關(guān)卡處。這些國(guó)家的機(jī)場(chǎng)將在本月測(cè)試使用這批測(cè)謊儀。

來(lái)自歐盟以外國(guó)家的游客將需要接受測(cè)試。他們將看著網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭并回答電腦動(dòng)畫(huà)移民官的問(wèn)題。由計(jì)算機(jī)生成的動(dòng)畫(huà)將隨著游客的種族和語(yǔ)言而進(jìn)行變化。

一名歐盟發(fā)言人表示虛擬邊境安保將對(duì)乘客面部進(jìn)行掃描并分析他們的微表情。他們將根據(jù)這些表情檢測(cè)乘客是否在撒謊。

如果測(cè)謊軟件檢測(cè)出安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，則由一名安保人員進(jìn)行接管。該步驟首先會(huì)將乘客們分為兩種類型。低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)游客在測(cè)謊過(guò)程中會(huì)被詢問(wèn)一些基本信息，而高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)乘客將會(huì)被問(wèn)及更多細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題。一名心理學(xué)專家質(zhì)疑這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的有效性。他說(shuō)：“被要求撒謊和真正的撒謊相比會(huì)非常不同，撒謊者的行為線索也會(huì)非常不同……這是心理學(xué)中大家都知道的問(wèn)題?！?/p>

Several Airports in Europe Will Start Giving Lie Detector Tests to Passengers

Airports will soon add a new layer to their security procedures. Several airports in Europe will start giving lie detector tests to passengers. Special lie detector machines will use artificial intelligence to test travellers.

The lie detector machines are backed by a European Union project called i-BorderControl. The first machines will be at border checkpoints in Hungary, Greece and Latvia. Airports in these countries will carry out trials on the lie detector machines this month.

Travellers from outside the European Union will have to take the test. They will look into a webcam and answer questions from a computer-animated immigration official. The computer-generated animation will change to match the race and language of the traveller.

A European Union spokesperson said the virtual border guard will scan passengers’ faces and analyze their micro-expressions. They will use these expressions to find out if the passenger might be lying.

A human security guard will take over if the lie-detecting software detects a security risk. The procedure will initially divide passengers into two types. Low-risk travellers will be asked basic information in the lie-detection process, while higher-risk passengers will get more detailed questions. A psychology expert doubted if the system would work. He said: “If you ask people to lie, they will do it differently and show very different behavioural cues than if they truly lie.... This is a known problem in psychology. ”

2020下半年翻譯考試二級(jí)筆譯模擬題

Reverse Pinocchio – Researchers Find that Your Nose Shrinks When You Lie

Pinocchio may be just a children’s fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ‘Pinocchio effect’ and found that our noses don’t grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.

Dr Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2 degrees Celsius, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5oC. Scientist also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.

“One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr. Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”

For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to devise the lie themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this ‘reverse Pinocchio effect’ caused by the fluctuation in temperature in the nose and forehead.

Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.

“With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of “false positives”, something that is frequent with other methods such as the polygraph,” said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.

The thermal lie detector has been dubbed the most reliable in the world, 10% more so than the popular polygraph.

匹諾曹一說(shuō)謊鼻子就變長(zhǎng)?真相卻是這樣的

《匹諾曹》也許只是一個(gè)講給孩子聽(tīng)的童話，不過(guò)，西班牙格拉納達(dá)大學(xué)的科學(xué)家最近確實(shí)研究了所謂的“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們?cè)谡f(shuō)謊時(shí)鼻子不會(huì)變大，而是會(huì)縮小一點(diǎn)。

埃米利奧·戈麥斯·米蘭博士和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)出一種測(cè)謊試驗(yàn)，用熱成像儀來(lái)判斷人們是否在說(shuō)謊，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)只要參與者一說(shuō)謊，鼻尖的溫度就會(huì)下降多達(dá)1.2攝氏度，而前額溫度會(huì)上升多達(dá)1.5攝氏度?？茖W(xué)家還發(fā)現(xiàn)，鼻尖溫度的下降會(huì)導(dǎo)致鼻尖略微縮小，不過(guò)這種差別是人的肉眼所無(wú)法察覺(jué)到的。

戈麥斯·米蘭博士在解釋研究結(jié)果時(shí)說(shuō)：“一個(gè)人在說(shuō)謊前要先想一想，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致前額溫度升高。與此同時(shí)我們又感到焦慮，這會(huì)降低鼻尖的溫度?！?/p>

在研究中，研究人員請(qǐng)60個(gè)學(xué)生在接受熱成像技術(shù)掃描期間執(zhí)行了多項(xiàng)任務(wù)。其中一項(xiàng)任務(wù)就是給父母、伴侶或朋友打3-4分鐘電話，說(shuō)一個(gè)大謊。參與者在打電話過(guò)程中要自己編謊話。于是研究人員就通過(guò)熱成像攝影機(jī)捕捉到了鼻子和前額溫度波動(dòng)引發(fā)的“反匹諾曹效應(yīng)”。

有趣的是，熱成像測(cè)謊儀捕捉住了80%的測(cè)試對(duì)象的溫度差異，成功率比任何一種現(xiàn)代測(cè)謊儀都高。

埃米利奧·戈麥斯·米蘭博士說(shuō)：“用這種方法我們提高了測(cè)謊準(zhǔn)確率，降低了誤報(bào)的發(fā)生率，而用測(cè)謊器等方法經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)誤報(bào)。”他還說(shuō)，執(zhí)法部門負(fù)責(zé)審訊的官員有一天將能把熱成像技術(shù)和其他測(cè)謊技術(shù)結(jié)合起來(lái)以達(dá)到更準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果。

熱成像測(cè)謊儀被稱為世界上最可靠的測(cè)謊設(shè)備，比普遍使用的測(cè)謊器準(zhǔn)確率要高出10%。