一定要知道的GRE寫作四大潛規(guī)則
一定要知道的GRE寫作四大潛規(guī)則，快來一起看看吧，分享下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
一定要知道的GRE寫作四大潛規(guī)則
一、嫻熟掌握GRE寫作題庫
為了到達(dá)公正，ETS發(fā)布了它考試的一切寫作題庫，那么為了到達(dá)能和native speaker一同競賽，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)在考前對一切標(biāo)題都進(jìn)行預(yù)習(xí)(節(jié)省考試時(shí)的審題時(shí)間)，并經(jīng)過100-150個(gè)提綱的寫作了解gre寫作的通常構(gòu)造，經(jīng)過30-50篇寫作來操練自個(gè)的寫作思路和表達(dá)。對題庫中的標(biāo)題越嫻熟，對考試越有利。
二、新GRE寫作投合評卷人的評卷思路
每個(gè)評卷人對你文章的評閱非?？欤恍心軐γ總€(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都很細(xì)心地去看?？忌鷳?yīng)當(dāng)投合評卷人的評卷思路，用最規(guī)范的構(gòu)造和最清晰的表達(dá)來表現(xiàn)自個(gè)的思路：首段要明顯地提出觀念，中心階段層次要擺開，每段的開端應(yīng)當(dāng)就是該段的topic sentence。
三、新GRE寫作的評分重視三方面
首要，從ETS發(fā)布的各分?jǐn)?shù)段評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)看，其評分首要重視以下三個(gè)方面：
①、邏輯剖析才能(請求insightful)sanas②、文章的安排(請求well-organized)
③、言語才能(請求standard written English; concise; varied structure等)
四、盡量進(jìn)步AI有些的寫作才能而力保AA有些滿分
因?yàn)锳A的寫作不牽涉自個(gè)觀念的打開，只須指出作者邏輯上的縫隙，因此在經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練以后，寫起來并不艱難;而AI的寫作需求自個(gè)打開自個(gè)建立的觀念，不光需求邏輯上的洞察才能，還需求證明觀念的才能，言語安排的才能，因此關(guān)于我國考生來講對比艱難，難以短期內(nèi)有較大進(jìn)步。
GRE重點(diǎn)話題之質(zhì)疑精神
Skepticism
Skepticism refers to the philosophic position holding that the possibility of knowledge is limited either because of the limitations of the mind or because of the inaccessibility of its object. It is more loosely used to denote any questioning attitude. Extreme skepticism holds that no knowledge is possible, but this is logically untenable since the statement contradicts itself. During the Renaissance the influence of ancient skepticism was reflected preeminently in the writings of the 16th-century French philosophical essayist Michel de Montaigne. The greatest exponent of modern skepticism was the 18th-century Scottish empiricist philosopher David Hume. In his Treatise of Human Nature (1739-1740) and An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (1748), Hume questions the possibility of demonstrating the truth of beliefs about the external world, causal connections, future events, or such metaphysical entities as the soul and God. The 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant, while attempting to overcome Hume's skepticism, denied the possibility of knowing things in themselves or of achieving metaphysical knowledge. In the 19th century, the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche denied the possibility of complete objectivity, and thus of objective knowledge, in any field. The 20th-century American philosopher George Santayana, claiming to have taken Hume's skepticism a step further, maintained, in his work Scepticism and Animal Faith (1923), that belief in the existence of anything, including oneself, rests on a natural, but irrational impulse. Elements of skepticism may be found in other modern schools of philosophy, including pragmatism, analytic and linguistic philosophy, and existentialism.
Philosophical skepticism
In philosophical skepticism, pyrrhonism is a position that refrains from making truth claims. A philosophical skeptic does not claim that truth is impossible (which would be a truth claim). The label is commonly used to describe other philosophies which appear similar to philosophical skepticism, such as "academic" skepticism, an ancient variant of Platonism that claimed knowledge of truth was impossible. Empiricism is a closely related, but not identical, position to philosophical skepticism. Empiricists see empiricism as a pragmatic compromise between philosophical skepticism and nomothetic science; philosophical skepticism is in turn sometimes referred to as "radical empiricism."
Philosophical skepticism originated in ancient Greek philosophy. One of its first proponents was Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360-275 B.C.), who traveled and studied as far as India, and propounded the adoption of 'practical' skepticism. Subsequently, in the 'New Academy' Arcesilaos (c. 315-241 B.C.) and Carneades (c. 213-129 B.C.) developed more theoretical perspectives, by which conceptions of absolute truth and falsity were refuted. Carneades criticized the views of the Dogmatists, especially supporters of Stoicism, asserting that absolute certainty of knowledge is impossible. Sextus Empiricus (c. A.D. 200), the main authority for Greek skepticism, developed the position further, incorporating aspects of empiricism into the basis for asserting knowledge.
Greek skeptics criticized the Stoics, accusing them of dogmatism. For the skeptics, the logical mode of argument was untenable, as it relied on propositions which could not be said to be either true or false without relying on further propositions. This was the regress argument, whereby every proposition must rely on other propositions in order to maintain its validity. In addition, the skeptics argued that two propositions could not rely on each other, as this would create a circular argument (as p implies q and q implies p). For the skeptics such logic was thus an inadequate measure of truth which could create as many problems as it claimed to have solved. Truth was not, however, necessarily unobtainable, but rather an idea which did not yet exist in a pure form. Although skepticism was accused of denying the possibility of truth, in actual fact it appears to have mainly been a critical school which merely claimed that logicians had not discovered truth.
Scientific skepticism
A scientific (or empirical) skeptic is one who questions the reliability of certain kinds of claims by subjecting them to a systematic investigation. The scientific method details the specific process by which this investigation of reality is conducted. Considering the rigor of the scientific method, science itself may simply be thought of as an organized form skepticism. This does not mean that the scientific skeptic is necessarily a scientist who conducts live experiments (though this may be the case), but that the skeptic generally accepts claims that are in his/her view likely to be true based on testable hypotheses and critical thinking.
Common topics that scientifically-skeptical literature questions include health claims surrounding certain foods, procedures, and medicines, such as homeopathy, Reiki, Thought Field Therapy (TFT), vertebral subluxations; the plausibility of supernatural entities (such as ghosts, poltergeists, angels, and gods); as well as the existence of ESP/telekinesis, psychic powers, and telepathy (and thus the credibility of parapsychology); topics in cryptozoology, Bigfoot, the Loch Ness monster, UFOs, crop circles, astrology, repressed memories, creationism, dowsing, conspiracy theories, and other claims the skeptic sees as unlikely to be true on scientific grounds.
Most empirical or scientific skeptics do not profess philosophical skepticism. Whereas a philosophical skeptic may deny the very existence of knowledge, an empirical skeptic merely seeks likely proof before accepting that knowledge.
GRE優(yōu)秀作文素材：日本出游人數(shù)變化
The chart below shows the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad between 1985 and 1995 and the graph reveals Australia's share of the Japanese tourist market.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.
這兩個(gè)圖分別顯示了從1985到1995年十年間日本出國旅游的游客數(shù)量以及到澳大利亞的游客數(shù)量。
The chart and the graph respectively show the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad and the number of Japanese tourists to Australia from 1985 to 1995.
如圖所示，日本出國旅游和前往澳大利亞的游客數(shù)量都成穩(wěn)步上升的趨勢。
As is indicated in the chart and graph, there was a steady increase both in the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad and in Australia's share of Japan's tourist market.
首先，從1985到1995年十年里，日本出國旅游的人數(shù)增長了3倍，從最初的五百萬增長到最高的一千五百萬。唯一例外的是1991這一年，與前一年相比略微有所降低。但是，其它年份都呈現(xiàn)出逐步增長態(tài)勢。
To begin with, from 1985 to 1995, the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad was tripled, growing from just about 5 million to more than 15 million. The only exception was the year of 1991, when there was a slight decline as compared with the previous year. By contrast, all the other years witnessed a gradual increase.
另外，按第二個(gè)圖所示，在前三年，到澳大利亞旅游的日本游客比例從2%快速上升至4.8%，增長了2.8%。然而，在接下去的一年，我們看到了略微的下降。然而從1989年到1993年，我們又看到了令人矚目的快速增長，從4.2%大幅增長到6.2%，這也是這十年間出現(xiàn)的最高點(diǎn)，最終在1994年以6%收尾。
Second, the graph displays that during the first three years, the percentage of Japanese tourists to Australia rocketed from 2% to 4.8%. This is an increase b y 2.8%. Nonetheless, in the following year, we see a slight drop. Surprisingly, between 1989 and 1993, there appeared a significant rise from 4.2% to 6.2%, which was the peak in the designated decade, and it ended up at 6% in 1994.
綜上所述，日本出國旅游的人數(shù)以及選擇澳大利亞作為目的地的人數(shù)在十年間顯示出全面上升的趨勢。
To sum up, the number of Japanese tourists traveling abroad and those Japanese people who chose to go to Australia as destination both showed an overall trend of rise over a span of 10 years.
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