GRE寫作ISSUE例子選擇準(zhǔn)備思路勘誤

GRE寫作ISSUE例子選擇準(zhǔn)備思路勘誤 論述舉例如何更有說服力?快來看看吧,下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

GRE寫作ISSUE例子選擇準(zhǔn)備思路勘誤 論述舉例如何更有說服力?

GRE寫作例子要好寫好記

關(guān)于GRE寫作例子的選擇和準(zhǔn)備，首先大家要注意的是例子必須好寫好記。這一點(diǎn)其實(shí)很好理解，GRE考試官方公布的作文題庫總計(jì)400多道題目，考生為了應(yīng)對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的題目勢必要記住足夠數(shù)量的例子素材。而如果例子素材本身比較復(fù)雜，包含了一些很難記住的人名等特殊詞匯，那么對(duì)于考生來說記憶壓力都會(huì)變得很大。因此，GRE寫作例子素材選擇的第一個(gè)要求就是本身必須好寫好記。很多同學(xué)在準(zhǔn)備素材時(shí)忽略了這個(gè)問題，導(dǎo)致沒能很好地記住案例，寫出來的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)各種細(xì)節(jié)錯(cuò)誤，這對(duì)于作文得分顯然是很不利的。

GRE寫作例子不能一味追求高大上

這個(gè)問題其實(shí)在考生當(dāng)中也普遍存在，幾乎可以說是“通病”了。一說到藝術(shù)就是梵高莫扎特，一提起法律問題總是會(huì)舉例辛普森案。這些例子看似名氣響知名度高，其實(shí)但從論證效果角度來看，并不比大家給出的其它沒那么“高大上”的例子更好。比如法律問題，如今的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全、環(huán)境保護(hù)、食品問題等等相關(guān)的例子都完全可以拿出來用，而藝術(shù)類可以具體用的例子就更多了。大家完全沒有必要只追求那些著名事例。另外，但凡是這些著名案例，可以想見使用它們的GRE考生會(huì)有多少，而這些被過度使用的例子想必也不會(huì)太受考官們的待見。與其隨大流使用它們，還不如用一些同樣有足夠說服力還能讓考官們眼前一亮的事例，也許反而會(huì)得到更高的評(píng)價(jià)。

GRE寫作例子切忌胡編亂造

關(guān)于準(zhǔn)備GRE素材案例，考生還比較容易犯的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤就是胡編亂造。可能以前大家寫中文議論文時(shí)有時(shí)候會(huì)自己編造一些所謂的“名人名言”，比如某某曾說過這樣的例子。但在GRE寫作中，這種自己編造例子的做法還請盡量避免為好。雖然考官在看到陌生的例子時(shí)不一定真的回去查證，但編造例子的做法其實(shí)還是屬于學(xué)術(shù)造假的，一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)問題后果可能會(huì)很嚴(yán)重。所以小編建議大家不要嘗試這種做法。

避免使用學(xué)術(shù)性專業(yè)性強(qiáng)的例子

最后這一點(diǎn)大家可能很少會(huì)意識(shí)到，那就是GRE寫作終究還是立論文，是寫給大眾看，用來說服大多數(shù)人的。這一點(diǎn)從GRE作文題目本身也可以看出，其中并沒有非常學(xué)術(shù)性專業(yè)性的資料。因此，考生在使用論證素材時(shí)，也應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)少用學(xué)術(shù)性專業(yè)性強(qiáng)的例子。換句話說，只有具有典型性和普遍性的例子，才會(huì)更具有說服力。為了證明一個(gè)簡單的觀點(diǎn)，使用一些非常學(xué)術(shù)大部分人都不了解的例子，這種做法對(duì)于提升論述說服力只會(huì)適得其反。

GRE寫作中如何運(yùn)用片面論證?

(1) 融合對(duì)立選項(xiàng)(平衡觀點(diǎn))

很多新GRE作文的題目總是會(huì)列出兩個(gè)對(duì)象，接受一個(gè)拋棄另一個(gè)，這個(gè)時(shí)候可以找尋題設(shè)中兩個(gè)認(rèn)為對(duì)立的對(duì)象之間的聯(lián)系，指出兩者是共存的。

例如：

It is the artist, not the critic, who gives society something of lasting value.

1.藝術(shù)品本身實(shí)際上就有很深刻的內(nèi)涵和永恒的價(jià)值，同時(shí)批評(píng)家可以讓大家明白藝術(shù)品的價(jià)值在哪里。

2. 那些流傳遠(yuǎn)久有永恒價(jià)值的藝術(shù)都是批評(píng)家們幫助篩選出來的。

因此，這兩個(gè)對(duì)象是不矛盾的。

(2) 關(guān)鍵詞分離寫

很多題目中會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)對(duì)象，從表面上看，它們似乎是一致的，但實(shí)際上他們之間存在差異。對(duì)于這樣的題目，我們可以肯定一個(gè)對(duì)象，而否定另一個(gè)。

例如：

Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics.

首先，我們可以看出，GRE考試題目中的兩個(gè)對(duì)象customs (風(fēng)俗)和 ethics(倫理)實(shí)際上是有很大差異的。因此，科技對(duì)他們的影響力也絕對(duì)不會(huì)是一樣的。

1.肯定customs

customs是可以被科技改變的，比如很多典禮和文化還有迷信都因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)的進(jìn)步而廢除了，還是有很多傳統(tǒng)被賦予了新的含義。

2.否定 ethics

ethics是很難被科技改變的，無論科技怎么變，道德是數(shù)千年以來人類共同承認(rèn)的東西，是不會(huì)隨著科技的發(fā)展而改變的，反過來是道德影響科技的發(fā)展。

(3) 定義模糊關(guān)鍵詞

很多新GRE寫作題目的key point就在于如何定義關(guān)鍵詞，題目給出的概念不夠明晰的時(shí)候，可以有不同的理解，而不同的理解就可以有不同的方向破題。

例如：

"Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, or our inclinations."

我們可以看出，本題中的 “facts”意義就非常模糊。因此，我們可以通過對(duì)于其不同定義來破解題目。

1.如果fact作為一種自然客觀規(guī)律，這樣的fact是我們無法改變的，比如所有的生物終將死亡。時(shí)間是不能倒退的，這些是我們通過親身感受可以感知到的，無論怎么努力，這些事實(shí)是不可能改變的。

2.如果把fact理解為記錄的史實(shí)，那么fact是有可能改變的。誠然發(fā)生過的事情不可以改變，但是歷史本來就不可能完全真實(shí)的記錄已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實(shí)。這樣的情況下“fact”很多時(shí)候都是被改變的。

GRE之issue常用句模板

一. 文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)

1. 大負(fù)小正：誠然 A，但是 B，而且 C。

承認(rèn)+轉(zhuǎn)折+遞進(jìn)

2. 大正小負(fù)：誠然 A，有時(shí)甚至 B，但是 C。

承認(rèn)+遞進(jìn)+轉(zhuǎn)折

二. 常用句式

開頭：

a) In this statement, the speaker asserts that… (作者的結(jié)論是什么)

b) I agree with the speaker insofar as... (某種程度上同意作者的觀點(diǎn))

c) Whereas, in my perspective, …is unilateral(作者的觀點(diǎn)片面在什么地方)

第二段：

a) Admittedly

第三段：

a) However

第四段：

a) Furthermore

結(jié)尾：

a) In summary, from what has been discussed above, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that… (重述觀點(diǎn))

以上就是GRE之issue常用句模板，希望大家活學(xué)活用，不要生搬硬套。祝大家考試順利!

新GRE寫作：教育的目的

題目：

The purpose of education should be to create an academic environment that is separate from the outside world. This kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back by practical concerns.

教育的目的應(yīng)該是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造出一個(gè)隔離于外界的學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境。這樣的環(huán)境最理想因?yàn)檫@樣可以使學(xué)生們不受功利的干擾而專注于重要的理念。

范文：

Many people have the opinion that the purpose of education should be to create an academic environment isolated from the outside world, which would be conducive for the students to focus on their studies without being disturbed by the practical concerns. However, as far as I am concerned, it is near sighted to set the students into an isolated academic environment, and such opinion is a misconception regarding the purpose of the education.

It cannot be denied that some kind of academic fields need a peaceful and quite atmosphere indeed, which help the students to give their most attention to their studies to some extent. To pay more attention on their studies, students have to avoid involving themselves into some practical concerns, such as mean ambitions, love of comfort, devotion to material things, all of which would cost them lots of time, and influence their studies consequently. In this sense, it is a good will to create an ideal environment for students to pursue their studies. Many universities, colleges and institutions have laboratories with advanced equipment, libraries that allow students access for free, and often offer the scholarship for those potential students. The measures foregoing all indicate that the education make its effort to establish an environment in which students could focus on their academic studies and reduce the disturbance from the outside campus to greatest degree.

However, people should have to realize that that each coin has two sides. To create an ideal academic environment is a method to guarantee students’ attention on their studies rather than the ultimate purpose of education. When totally being set in an academic environment isolated from the outside world, naturally the students cannot be disturbed by the practical concerns, but they have little opportunity to contact many useful social knowledge either. Therefore a separated academic environment is a two edged weapon, the students have to deal the relationship well between the environment and personal development well, otherwise they would suffer from the separated environment rather than benefit from it and the disadvantage of the environment would emerge gradually.

One of the disadvantages worthy to notice is that the students in an isolated academic world have difficulties in melting them into the general group of society. The ultimate purpose of education bases on the social needs, that is, to cultivate workers and trainers that adapt society, and make contribution to society. Actually, most of those students so called high mark low ability have little awareness of social responsibility, and do not know how to communicate or cooperate with the partners in their future career, even if they performed well in the laboratories, scored high marks in the final exams, and get doctoral degrees with the excellent dissertations. Once the students leave their familiar academic environment, it is hard for them to live happily in a new field. The absence of such social ability attributes to the separation from the outside world, and few opportunities to contact the society.

Another fact is that the students’ knowledge from the outside world could contribute to their academic studies. Some social science as economics, law, management is on the basis of current affairs or practical experience. Without knowledge accumulated from the actual experience, it is hard for the students to attain any achievement in these academic fields. The outside knowledge also contributes to the natural science. If the students just engage themselves in the laboratories without little idea of the urgent needs of the human beings, their research will have little value. In this view, although an quite academic environment can protect the students against the disturbance from the outside world to some extent, too much indulging oneself into such an environment will generate many negative effects.

To sum up, a separated academic environment is a two edged weapon, which keep the outside disturbance away from the students, but isolate the students from the useful practical things equally. Therefore, in order to realize the terminal purpose of education, the students should increase their knowledge from the outside world when making use of the academic environment.

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