2020雅思閱讀訓(xùn)練材料
雅思閱讀訓(xùn)練材料之高敏度人群的特點(diǎn)一文向我們介紹了一篇雅思閱讀的訓(xùn)練文章。這篇文章是社科類的題材，討論了高敏感度的人群的一些特征。下面小編就和大家分享雅思閱讀訓(xùn)練材料之高敏度人群的特點(diǎn)，來欣賞一下吧。
雅思閱讀訓(xùn)練材料之高敏度人群的特點(diǎn)
Do you feel like you reflect on things more than everyone else? Do you find yourself worrying about how other people feel? Do you prefer quieter, less chaotic environments?
你是否覺得自己看待事物比其他人想得多?你是否發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總在擔(dān)心其他人的感受?你是不是更喜歡安靜一些，少些嘈雜的環(huán)境?
If the above sound true to you, you may be highly sensitive. The personality trait -- which was first researched by Elaine N. Aron, Ph.D., in the early 1990s -- is relatively common, with as many as one in five people possessing it. Aron, who has written multiple studies and books on high sensitivity, including The Highly Sensitive Person, also developed a self-test (which you can take here) to help you determine if you are highly sensitive.
如果以上描述對(duì)你適用，那么你很可能屬于高敏感人群。這種個(gè)性特征是相對(duì)普遍的，每五個(gè)人中就有一人屬于此類。伊萊恩·阿隆博士在20世紀(jì)九十年代早期首次對(duì)此進(jìn)行了研究，她寫過數(shù)篇研究報(bào)告和數(shù)本相關(guān)圖書，其中包括《高度敏感的人》。她同時(shí)也開發(fā)了一個(gè)自我測(cè)試來幫助你決定自己是不是高度敏感(你可以跟著這篇文章進(jìn)行測(cè)試)。
While recent interest in introversion -- driven largely by high-profile publications on the subject, including Susan Cain's book "Quiet," -- has brought more awareness to personality traits that value less stimulation and higher sensitivity, Aron notes that highly sensitive people still tend to be considered the "minority."
近期，包括蘇珊·凱因的《安靜》在內(nèi)的諸多內(nèi)向主題出版物高調(diào)發(fā)表，引起了大眾對(duì)此的極大興趣，人們更加注意到喜歡少些刺激和有著更高敏感度的個(gè)性特征。阿隆博士提到，高敏感人群現(xiàn)在仍被認(rèn)為是“少數(shù)”。
But "minority" doesn't mean bad -- in fact, being highly sensitive carries a multitude of positive characteristics. Read on for some of the commonalities shared by highly sensitive people.
但“少數(shù)”并不意味著不好——實(shí)際上，高度敏感的人有一系列積極正面的個(gè)性特征。跟著本文一起看看高敏感度人群的一些常見的個(gè)性特征吧。
1. They feel more deeply.
1. 他們的感受更加深刻。
One of the hallmark characteristics of highly sensitive people is the ability to feel more deeply than their less-sensitive peers. "They like to process things on a deep level," Ted Zeff, Ph.D., author of The Highly Sensitive Person's Survival Guide and other books on highly sensitive people, tells HuffPost. "They're very intuitive, and go very deep inside to try to figure things out."
高敏感度人群的特征標(biāo)志之一就是他們比低敏感的的同伴有著更深刻的感受。“他們喜歡在深層面掌握事物，”曾編寫《高敏感度人群的生存指南》以及其他相關(guān)書籍的特德·澤夫博士對(duì)報(bào)社記者說道：“他們有敏銳的直覺，會(huì)深刻思考尋找問題的答案?！?/p>
2. They're more emotionally reactive.
2. 他們的情感反應(yīng)更豐富。
People who are highly sensitive will react more in a situation. For instance, they will have more empathy and feel more concern for a friend's problems, according to Aron. They may also have more concern about how another person may be reacting in the face of a negative event.
高敏感度的人對(duì)于一個(gè)情景會(huì)做出更多反應(yīng)。比如，根據(jù)阿隆博士的說法，他們更會(huì)站在他人的角度考慮，對(duì)朋友遇到的難題也更有同感。他們也許會(huì)更加顧慮到其他人遇到不好的事情會(huì)怎樣反應(yīng)。
3. They're probably used to hearing, "Don't take things so personally" and "Why are you so sensitive?"
3. 他們很可能已經(jīng)習(xí)慣聽到“別往心里去“和”為什么你這么敏感?“之類的話。
Depending on the culture, sensitivity can be perceived as an asset or a negative trait, Zeff explains. In some of his own research, Zeff says that highly sensitive men he interviewed from other countries -- such as Thailand and India -- were rarely or never teased, while highly sensitive men he interviewed from North America were frequently or always teased. "So a lot of it is very cultural -- the same person who is told, 'Oh, you're too sensitive,' in certain cultures, it's considered an asset," he says.
澤夫博士解釋道，文化決定敏感可以被視作一筆財(cái)富或者一種負(fù)面特質(zhì)。澤夫博士在研究中采訪過來自其他國(guó)家的高敏感人群，比如泰國(guó)和印度的高敏感的人很少或者幾乎沒被別人取笑過，而北美的高敏感人群經(jīng)常被作為取笑的對(duì)象?！八?，這很大程度上都和文化有關(guān)——在某些國(guó)家，同樣一個(gè)人被別人說成‘你太敏感了!’，而在有些國(guó)家，這被視為一種個(gè)人財(cái)富，”他如此總結(jié)道。
4. They prefer to exercise solo.
4. 他們更喜歡獨(dú)自鍛煉。
Highly sensitive people may tend to avoid team sports, where there's a sense that everyone is watching their every move, Zeff says. In his research, the majority of highly sensitive people he interviewed preferred individual sports, like bicycling, running and hiking, to group sports. However, this is not a blanket rule -- there are some highly sensitive people who may have had parents who provided an understanding and supportive environment that would make it easier for them to participate in group sports, Zeff says.
澤夫博士介紹說，高敏感的人可能傾向于避開團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)覺得每個(gè)人都在看著他的一舉一動(dòng)。在他的研究中，他采訪的大部分高敏感的人更喜歡個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如騎自行車，跑步或者徒步旅行。然而，這并不適用于所有高敏感人群——由于家人提供了理解和支持的成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境，有些高敏感的人可能更容易參與群體運(yùn)動(dòng)。
5. It takes longer for them to make decisions.
5. 他們做決定需要更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。
Highly sensitive people are more aware of subtleties and details that could make decisions harder to make, Aron says. Even if there is no "right" or "wrong" decision -- for example, it's impossible to choose a "wrong" flavor of ice cream -- highly sensitive people will still tend to take longer to choose because they are weighing every possible outcome. Aron's advice for dealing with this: "Take as long to decide as the situation permits, and ask for more time if you need it and can take it," she writes in a recent issue of her Comfort Zone newsletter. "During this time, try pretending for a minute, hour, day, or even week that you have made up your mind a certain way. How does that feel? Often, on the other side of a decision things look different, and this gives you a chance to imagine more vividly that you are already there." One exception: Once a highly sensitive person has come to the conclusion of what is the right decision to make and what is the wrong decision to make in a certain situation, he or she will be quick to make that "right" decision again in the future.
高敏感的人更能意識(shí)到那些讓做決定變得困難的細(xì)節(jié)，阿隆講道。即使沒有“對(duì)”或者“錯(cuò)”的選擇，比如，不可能會(huì)選到有“錯(cuò)誤”口味的冰激凌，但高敏感的人仍會(huì)考慮更久，因?yàn)樗麄兿胍饬棵總€(gè)可能的結(jié)果。對(duì)此，阿隆給出以下建議：“情況允許的情況下，能考慮多久就考慮多久，如果你需要并且可以得到，爭(zhēng)取更多時(shí)間。”她在她的最近一期《舒適區(qū)》的通訊中寫道，“在這段時(shí)間， 一分鐘，一小時(shí)，一天，甚至一星期，試著假裝你是以某種特定的方式做出決定的。這是什么感覺?一個(gè)選擇的相對(duì)面通?？雌饋矸浅２煌@樣做給你盡情想象做了另外一個(gè)選擇的機(jī)會(huì)?！崩猓阂粋€(gè)高敏感的人一旦得出正確和錯(cuò)誤選擇的結(jié)論，以后在需要做出“正確”選擇的時(shí)候他或者她會(huì)很快做出選擇。
以上就是雅思閱讀訓(xùn)練材料之高敏度人群的特點(diǎn)的全部?jī)?nèi)容。同學(xué)們都讀懂了文章內(nèi)容了嗎?對(duì)于雅思閱讀，這樣的閱讀材料其實(shí)可以每天看1-2篇，作為一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)英語的習(xí)慣。這樣潛移默化中進(jìn)行每日的訓(xùn)練能讓我們逐漸掌握英語的思維習(xí)慣以及用英語進(jìn)行思考的思維方式。
雅思閱讀解題技巧之完成句子題型
完成句子題型 (sentence completion tasks)
完成句子題型就是先給出句子的一部分，未給出部分在文章中找出，或者給出2-3個(gè)答案，由你選擇一個(gè)。這種題型較難，要花一點(diǎn)時(shí)間仔細(xì)查看文章中的有關(guān)部分。
完成句子題答題步驟：
1. 詳細(xì)閱讀答題指引，獲取必要的答題信息。
2. 參考例句，確定答題形式。
3. 利用語法知識(shí)確定句子缺失部分。
4. 仔細(xì)查看所給句子的含義，并找出關(guān)鍵詞語。
5 利用所給部分的關(guān)鍵詞語在文章中找出相關(guān)句子。
6. 在文章中的相關(guān)句子里，選取缺失部分(即答案)。
如果完成句子題型是以多重選擇的形式出現(xiàn)，那么則要將選擇答案部分列為問句的一部分，從中選取所需的關(guān)鍵詞語，逐個(gè)與文章中相關(guān)句子進(jìn)行匹配。
雅思閱讀單詞記憶的突破方法
雅思閱讀單詞記憶——單詞準(zhǔn)備單詞卡片，循環(huán)背誦
一般IELTS閱讀中涉及詞匯量比較大，但考生具備4000左右即可應(yīng)考。單詞貧乏的考生，一定要及時(shí)補(bǔ)充詞匯，打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。在考試時(shí)很容易遺忘或混淆單詞的意義，為了避免類似情況發(fā)生，一定要加強(qiáng)單詞意義的理解。對(duì)此，考生可以制作單詞卡片，正反面各寫英文和中文解釋。制訂計(jì)劃每天背一定量的生詞，循環(huán)背誦并不斷補(bǔ)充。當(dāng)然，最有效的是閱讀文章時(shí)記憶單詞。
雅思閱讀單詞記憶——句子參考上下文，分析主謂結(jié)構(gòu)
在句子理解方面，考生最容易犯的錯(cuò)誤就是根據(jù)自己已有經(jīng)驗(yàn)片面理解。IELTS閱讀中有的題目考的是對(duì)于文章中某一句子的理解，要參考上下文客觀地看問題?？忌鷳?yīng)對(duì)一些復(fù)合句，尤其是雙重否定句、比較句、指代句等有較深了解。特別在遇到復(fù)雜句時(shí)，應(yīng)靜心思考，從把握句子主干一一主謂結(jié)構(gòu)著手來分析解剖句子結(jié)構(gòu)。
雅思閱讀單詞記憶——閱讀掃描全文，做出標(biāo)記
雅思閱讀追求速度(speed)與準(zhǔn)確度(accuracy)的完美結(jié)合。快而不準(zhǔn)或準(zhǔn)而太慢都會(huì)影響考分?？忌谇趭^練習(xí)的時(shí)候掌握一些閱讀技巧將達(dá)到事半功倍的效果?？焖匍喿x最關(guān)鍵的是在掃描全文的時(shí)候把握每段的主旨，并做出標(biāo)記，在看完全文后對(duì)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)主題有大致的了解。此外，考生以單詞為單位看文章，遇生詞就停頓等壞習(xí)慣都要極力避免。
總之，考生平時(shí)多看、多讀、多聽、多說、多寫，多接觸英文(much exposure to English)再運(yùn)用一些閱讀技巧，拿下雅思閱讀并非一件難事。
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