雅思雙語閱讀材料之十大安全航空公司

今天小編給大家?guī)砹搜潘茧p語閱讀材料之十大安全航空公司,希望能夠幫助到大家在雅思閱讀中拿高分，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

雅思雙語閱讀材料之十大安全航空公司

Australian flag carrier Qantas named world's safest airline

飛行安全哪家強(qiáng)?全球十大安全航空公司名單出爐

Australian flag carrier Qantas has been named the world`s safest airline in a report published by AirlineRatings.com on Wednesday.

國際獨(dú)立航空評級網(wǎng)站AirlineRatings.com于本月6日發(fā)布了一份含(2015年)全球十大最安全航空公司榜單的報告，澳大利亞航空蟬聯(lián)榜首。

Using a system that takes into account audits from aviation governing bodies and governments, as well as fatality records, Qantas was named as the safest and most experienced airline going into 2015.

根據(jù)美國聯(lián)邦航空管理局、國際民航組織等航空監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)和各國政府的安全審計(jì)，以及各航空公司的失事紀(jì)錄組成的評價體系，AirlineRatings.com分別評選出了2015年最安全航空公司和最安全的廉價航空公司榜單。

Qantas, who is in its 95th year of operation, was hailed for“an extraordinary record of firsts”in terms of its safety history and ranked the best of 449 airlines, including low-cost carriers, assessed by the website.

擁有94年運(yùn)營經(jīng)驗(yàn)的澳大利亞航空從該網(wǎng)站監(jiān)控的449家航空公司(含廉價航空)中脫穎而出，再次高居最安全航空公司榜首。它蟬聯(lián)的理由是：在飛行安全史上“非凡的記錄”。

The website went on to marvel at Qantas’ fatality-free record in the jet era, given the aforementioned statistics.

該網(wǎng)站認(rèn)為，根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，澳航最令人驚訝的成績莫過于自噴氣式飛機(jī)時代至今零死亡率的飛行記錄。

AirlineRatings.com praised Qantas for the way in which it monitors the engines of its aircraft using satellite communications, saying“doing so allows the airline to detect problems before they become a major safety issue.”

AirlineRatings還稱贊了澳航使用衛(wèi)星通信監(jiān)控飛機(jī)發(fā)動機(jī)的技術(shù)，稱其“可在出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重安全事故之前及時監(jiān)測到安全問題?！?/p>

The remainder of the top 10 in terms of the world`s safest airlines was Air New Zealand, British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Emirates, Etihad Airways, EVA Air, Finnair, Lufthansa and Singapore Airlines.

其余九大世界最安全航空公司為：新西蘭航空、國泰航空、英國航空、阿聯(lián)酋航空、阿提哈德航空、長榮航空、芬蘭航空、漢莎航空和新加坡航空。

The report follows the worst year for fatal air accidents over the last decade, with AirlineRatings.com mentioning the Malaysian Airlines Flights MH370 and MH17, in addition to the AirAsia Flight QZ8501, as the industry’s worst incidents.

該報告還表示，過去的一年無疑是近十年來航空史上最黑暗的一年：馬航MH370(失蹤)、MH17(被擊落)，以及亞航QZ8501(失聯(lián))都是航空史上最悲慘的空難。

However, despite the record amount of deaths, the overall number of accidents throughout 2014 was at an all-time low. "Certainly, 21 fatal air accidents with 986 fatalities -- higher than the 10-year average -- is sickening,"the report said. "However, the world`s airlines carried a record 3.3 billion passengers on 27 million flights." "Two of the crashes last year -- MH370 and MH17 -- were unprecedented in modern times and claimed 537 lives." "Flashback 50 years and there were a staggering 87 crashes killing 1,597 when airlines carried only 141 million passengers -- 5 percent of today`s number."

雖然2014年全年的空難數(shù)量創(chuàng)下歷史新低，但是空難死亡人數(shù)很高。報告稱“21次空難， 986人遇難，這一高于過去十年的平均紀(jì)錄無疑令人膽寒。去年一年共有航班2700萬次，運(yùn)送旅客33億人次。僅馬航MH370和MH17這兩次空難就造成了537人遇難。即使回到 50年前，飛行旅客人數(shù)(1.41億)只有今天的5%，空難數(shù)量高達(dá)87次，死亡人數(shù)才只有1597人?！?/p>

雅思閱讀倒裝句使用解析

1.Down came the “white only” notices in buses, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches that once could be found everywhere throughout the South.

結(jié)構(gòu)

全句有2個謂語動詞：came，could be。其中主句的是：came。按照正常語序句子主干應(yīng)該是：The “white only” notices … came down. Notices后面的介詞短語，作為后置定語修飾notices。介詞短語后面還有一個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾notices。為了避免主語部分過于冗長，因而將主謂倒裝。

2.由否定詞(not/never/little/no sooner/not until/hardly/rarely/scarcely/seldom/nowhere)開頭的句子引起部分倒裝.

Little did we expect that he would fulfill his task so rapidly.

No sooner do I get one problem settled before another appears.

3.Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers.

結(jié)構(gòu)

全句只有1個謂語動詞：is。本句是一個完全倒裝句。按照正常語序應(yīng)該是：The architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers, is splendid.

4.從屬連接詞 “no sooner..than， scarcely..when, hardly..when”等表示“一…就…”概念時，且“no sooner, scarcely，hardly’’置于旬首時，引起部分倒裝。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動詞用“過去完成時(從句)+過去時(主句)"

Hardly had he arrived when she heard the telephone ring.

No sooner had we gone home than it began to rain heavily.

5.Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.

結(jié)構(gòu)

全句有2個謂語動詞：was和would be。整句話由兩個簡單句構(gòu)成，其中第一個簡單句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序應(yīng)該是：The idea of Saturday afternoon cricket was perhaps worse。

6.虛擬條件句中若有“were，should，had，”時?？墒÷浴癷f，’，引起部分倒裝.

Should it rain tomorrow, I shall stay at home.

Were I you,1 wouldn’t buy this book.

7.Only when he has lost his way does he realize that he wasn’t careful enough to make sure that he really did understand.

結(jié)構(gòu)

全句有4個謂語動詞：has，does realize，wasn’t和did understand.。其中主句的是：does realize。本句話是以only開頭的強(qiáng)調(diào)句，其所強(qiáng)調(diào)的是when引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。第一個that引導(dǎo)的是realize的賓語從句。第一個that引導(dǎo)的是make sure的賓語從句。

8.Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.

結(jié)構(gòu) 全句有3個謂語動詞：were，should have和should hesitate。其中主句的是：should hesitate。本句是一個條件式虛擬倒裝句。前半部分是一個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，按照正常語序?yàn)椋篒f it were left to me to decide…。whether引導(dǎo)的是decide的賓語從句。

9.當(dāng)“So…that”中的“so”位于句首時，引起部分倒裝;如果謂語為“be”，則引起全部倒裝。其構(gòu)成倒裝的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“So+形容詞/情態(tài)動詞/to be十主語”

So fast did he run that I couldn’t keep up with him.

So loudly did he speak that students at the back heard him clearly.

提高雅思閱讀速度的兩個錦囊

第一個錦囊：科學(xué)分布閱讀做題時間

很多烤鴨一拿到試卷就一頭埋進(jìn)了題海，其實(shí)這是不對的。大家不要著急，先花兩三分鐘時間掃描每篇雅思閱讀文章頭一兩個句子，定位文章難易程度。雖然平均每篇文章做題時間為11分鐘，但是有的文章七八分鐘便可以輕松對付，有的文章則需要15分鐘左右。一般來說，5篇文章中有2篇難度大一些，比方說：如果最后一篇文章難度大，且12-14道題，在這種情況下，按部就班做題就有可能因時間不夠而做錯好幾道題，帶來巨大的損失。因此首先定位文章難程度，同時目測文章的含金量(即題量分布)，有助于科學(xué)分配閱讀部分的做題時間。

第二個錦囊：看清結(jié)構(gòu)再遍觀文章

一篇文章總有其結(jié)構(gòu)可分。一般來說，文章的首句或末句是最能了解文章大意的部分`。文章均由數(shù)個自然段組成，把首段的其他句子盡快略讀，文章其他段落采取同樣的方法閱讀。各段落其他句子一般來說都是用來說明各個段落的主題句，沒有必要每個句子理解難度大，而不涉及考題，在此句停留無疑是白白浪費(fèi)時間。所以，意味著以最快捷的方式了解雅思閱讀文章大意，從而正確引導(dǎo)下一步做具體的題，而不至于出現(xiàn)大方向的理解錯誤。

雅思閱讀之分詞短語做后置定語相關(guān)介紹

1. the most common procedure for doing this is negotiation, the act of communication intended to reach agreement.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：過去分詞短語intended to reach agreement是the act of communication的后置定語，the act of communication intended to reach agreement是negotiation的同位語，對

negotiation進(jìn)行解釋。

中文譯文：做這件事的最常用的方法是談判—一種想要達(dá)成一致的交流的行為。

小竅門：過去分詞短語做后置定語在IELTS閱讀中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。因?yàn)樾问较嗤?有時，容易理解為謂語(過去式).從而造成理解上的障礙。怎樣區(qū)分動詞加ed形式是謂語(過去式)，還是后置定語(過去分詞短語)呢?有兩種方法:

(1看它與前面的詞是主動還是被動的關(guān)系。是主動，則是謂語，過去式。如果是被動的關(guān)系，則是后置定語，過去分詞短語。如上面例句中，intended to reach agreement與communication是被動的關(guān)系，所以是過去分詞短語做后置定語。

(2)看句子中，是否有其他的謂語成分。一個句子中，只能有一個謂語成分，所以，如果該句已有了一個確定無疑的謂語，那么這個ed只能是過去分詞短語了。如上面的例句中，is肯定是謂語，所以intended不能再是謂語了。

2. Yet, a father accepting responsibility for behavior problems is linked with positive outcomes.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：accepting responsibility for behavior problems是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做father的后置定語。

中文譯文：一個接受行為問題責(zé)任的父親是和正面的結(jié)果相聯(lián)系的。

3. Expeditioners heading south were issued with pamphlets listing five-letter codes covering almost every conceivable situation so they could communicate with their families and still keep within strict "word limits" during their year on base.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子中Expeditioners heading south were issued with…是由一個定語從句簡化而來的，即:Expeditioners which/that headed south were issued with---,由于which所指就expeditioners，即:主語相同;而which和head之間又是主動關(guān)系，所以，可以省略為一個帶有動名詞的短語.即:Expeditioners heading south were issued with- - -.

同理，pamphlets listing five-letter codes covering almost every conceivable situation都是由定語從句得來的，即:pamphlets that/which listed five-letter codes that/which covered almost every conceivable situation,因?yàn)閠hat/which所指的都是其前面的那個中心詞，即:主語相同;而that/ which和其前面的那個中心詞之間又是主動關(guān)系，所以.可以省略一個帶有動名詞的短語。

中文譯文：往南走的探險者都發(fā)了小手冊，其上有用5個字母表示的代碼。這些代碼涵蓋了幾乎每一種可以想象得到的情況。這樣，這些探險者們就能夠和他們的家人交流，并在談話有限的悄況下.依然能夠在基地堅(jiān)持住。