雅思閱讀考試第一步--確定做題順序

雅思閱讀考試時間有限，時間緊，文章長， 文意難懂句型復(fù)雜，如何才能化繁為簡,今天小編給大家?guī)砹搜潘奸喿x考試第一步--確定做題順序,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧

雅思閱讀考試第一步--確定做題順序

一、首先決定要以什么樣的順序做題。真正的雅思考試并不是想象中的由易到難，很有可能一開始的文章就很難。設(shè)想，如果用30分鐘先解決一道難題，再用剩下的30分鐘去完成兩道簡單的題目，效果注定不好!試舉劍橋4中TEST 2 為例，三篇文章分別 “l(fā)ost for words”, “alternative medicine in Australia”, “play is a serious business”.乍一看第三篇文章題目是最簡單的，實際上它反而是最難的。

二、題型決定做題順序，而不是題目?！發(fā)ost for words”題型分別是：summary, 人名理論matching, yes/no/not given. “alternative medicine in Australia”題型分別是：multiple choices, yes/no/not given, 填空題. “play is a serious business”題型分別是：信息段落配對，多選多，人名理論配對。初步分析題型后還可以細化，理清做題思路。第一篇文章難度適中，summary 屬主旨類型題建議先做，同時可以把人名全部找到以節(jié)省時間。

matching題中出現(xiàn)五對五配對還有NB。第二篇文章題目雖難但是引言部分交待很清楚，屬簡單的題目。填空題實屬數(shù)字游戲，整篇文章完全按順序出題。第三篇文章難度系數(shù)較大，信息段落配對難把握，之后的人名理論配對干擾選項過多，從一開始相當(dāng)于八選一。這樣分析下來，我們的做題順序應(yīng)該是“Passage 2/1/3”。

三、掌握技巧，靈活運用。題型沒有絕對的難易之分，對其他考生難也許對你反而容易，要結(jié)合自己的實際情況?？梢韵茸鏊头诸}“表格填空，圖形題，完成句子”。在五大主流題型中，配對題比較費時，其中信息和段落配對最花時間，建議放在最后。而作為主旨的heading 和summary 可考慮先做，因為完成主旨題型后文章大致的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)都可以掌握，對于細節(jié)題的定位會方便很多。

雅思考試像是一場戰(zhàn)斗，應(yīng)該靈活運用作戰(zhàn)的策略和方法，后期更需要成套的閱讀訓(xùn)練。如果能夠運用這些提高效率節(jié)省時間的方法，有助于學(xué)生信心的塑造和雅思分數(shù)的提高。

雅思閱讀模擬練習(xí)及答案

1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of ’good’ cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.

2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib， a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)。 In a trial of 15000 patients， a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.

3. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. “There have been no red flags to my knowledge，” says John Chapman， a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. “This cancellation came as a complete shock.”

4. Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically， torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)， which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density， plaque-promoting ones. Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins.

Under pressure

5. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired， something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation， it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.

6. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed， says Moti Kashyap， who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach， California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver， they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibiting CETP， which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL， might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. “You’re blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway，” says Kashyap.

Going up

7. Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug， called niacin， is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by， for example， introducing synthetic HDLs. “The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib， not the whole idea of raising HDL，” says Michael Miller， director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center， Baltimore.

Questions 1-7

This passage has 7 paragraphs 1-7.

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i. How does torcetrapib work?

ii. Contradictory result prior to the current trial

iii. One failure may possibly bring about future success

iv. The failure doesn’t lead to total loss of confidence

v. It is the right route to follow

vi. Why it’s stopped

vii. They may combine and theoretically produce ideal result

viii. What’s wrong with the drug

ix. It might be wrong at the first place

Questions 7-13

Match torcetrapib，HDLs，statin and CETP with their functions (Questions 8-13)。。

Write the correct letter A， B， C or D in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

7.It has been administered to over 10，000 subjects in a clinical trial.

8.It could help rid human body of cholesterol.

9.Researchers are yet to find more about it.

10. It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol.

11. According to Kashyap， it might lead to unwanted result if it’s blocked.

12. It produced contradictory results in different trials.

13. It could inhibit LDLs.

List of choices

A. Torcetrapic

B. HDLS

C. Statin

D. CETP

(by Zhou Hong)

Suggested Answers and Explanations

1. vi

2. ii

3. vii 本段介紹了torcetrapib和statin的治病原理，但是同時短語“in contrast”與之前第二段后半段的內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)，暗示了這兩種藥在理論上能相輔相成，是理想的搭配。第一個選項無法涵蓋整段意義，故選擇i是錯誤的。

4. iii 本段分析了可能導(dǎo)致torcetrapibl臨床試驗失敗的原因，后半段指出如果以上推測正確，那么未來的藥物可借鑒這個試驗，設(shè)法避免torcetrapib的缺陷，研制出有效的藥物。viii選項無法涵蓋后半段的意思。

5. ix 見首句。

6. v

7. A 見第二段。題目中administer一詞意為“用藥”，subject一詞為“實驗對象”之意。

8. B 見第四段“… to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery- clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body.”即HDLs的作用最終是將 choleserol清除出人體：“… for removal from the body”。

9. B 見第四段“But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood.”

10. C 見第二段“… plus a cholesterol-lowering statin”，即statin是可以降低cholesterol的。

11. D 見第六段 “So inhibiting CETP， … might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body.

12. A 見第三段。

13. C 見第四段“Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins

雅思閱讀模擬練習(xí)及答案

Rogue theory of smell gets a boost

1. A controversial theory of how we smell， which claims that our fine sense of odour depends on quantum mechanics， has been given the thumbs up by a team of physicists.

2. Calculations by researchers at University College London (UCL) show that the idea that we smell odour molecules by sensing their molecular vibrations makes sense in terms of the physics involved.

3. That’s still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid-1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct. But it should make other scientists take the idea more seriously.

4. “This is a big step forward，” says Turin， who has now set up his own perfume company Flexitral in Virginia. He says that since he published his theory， “it has been ignored rather than criticized.”

5. Most scientists have assumed that our sense of smell depends on receptors in the nose detecting the shape of incoming molecules， which triggers a signal to the brain. This molecular ’lock and key’ process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the body’s detection systems： it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders， for example， and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.

6. But Turin argued that smell doesn’t seem to fit this picture very well. Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different — such as alcohols， which smell like spirits， and thiols， which smell like rotten eggs. And molecules with very different structures can smell similar. Most strikingly， some molecules can smell different — to animals， if not necessarily to humans — simply because they contain different isotopes (atoms that are chemically identical but have a different mass)。

7. Turin’s explanation for these smelly facts invokes the idea that the smell signal in olfactory receptor proteins is triggered not by an odour molecule’s shape， but by its vibrations， which can enourage an electron to jump between two parts of the receptor in a quantum-mechanical process called tunnelling. This electron movement could initiate the smell signal being sent to the brain.

8. This would explain why isotopes can smell different： their vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier. Turin’s mechanism， says Marshall Stoneham of the UCL team， is more like swipe-card identification than a key fitting a lock.

9. Vibration-assisted electron tunnelling can undoubtedly occur — it is used in an experimental technique for measuring molecular vibrations. “The question is whether this is possible in the nose，” says Stoneham’s colleague， Andrew Horsfield.

10. Stoneham says that when he first heard about Turin’s idea， while Turin was himself based at UCL， “I didn’t believe it”。 But， he adds， “because it was an interesting idea， I thought I should prove it couldn’t work. I did some simple calculations， and only then began to feel Luca could be right.” Now Stoneham and his co-workers have done the job more thoroughly， in a paper soon to be published in Physical Review Letters.

11. The UCL team calculated the rates of electron hopping in a nose receptor that has an odorant molecule bound to it. This rate depends on various properties of the biomolecular system that are not known， but the researchers could estimate these parameters based on typical values for molecules of this sort.

12. The key issue is whether the hopping rate with the odorant in place is significantly greater than that without it. The calculations show that it is — which means that odour identification in this way seems theoretically possible.

13. But Horsfield stresses that that’s different from a proof of Turin’s idea. “So far things look plausible， but we need proper experimental verification. We’re beginning to think about what experiments could be performed.”

14. Meanwhile， Turin is pressing ahead with his hypothesis. “At Flexitral we have been designing odorants exclusively on the basis of their computed vibrations，” he says. “Our success rate at odorant discovery is two orders of magnitude better than the competition.” At the very least， he is putting his money where his nose is.

Questions 1-4

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer

FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

1. The result of the study at UCL agrees with Turin’s theory.

2. The study at UCL could conclusively prove what Luca Turin has hypothesized.

3. Turin left his post at UCL and started his own business because his theory was ignored.

4. The molecules of alcohols and those of thiols look alike.

Questions 5-9

Complete the sentences below with words from the passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

5. The hypothesis that we smell by sensing the molecular vibration was made by ______.

6. Turin’s company is based in ______.

7. Most scientists believed that our nose works in the same way as our ______.

8. Different isotopes can smell different when ______ weigh differently.

9. According to Audrew Horsfield， it is still to be proved that ______ could really occur in human nose.

Question 10-12

Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

10. What’s the name of the researcher who collaborated with Stoneham?

11. What is the next step of the UCL team’s study?

12. What is the theoretical basis in designing odorants in Turin’s company?

(by Zhou Hong)

Answer Keys and Explanations

1. T 見第一段?！癵ive sth the thumbs up”為“接受“的意思。

2. F 見第三段。 “That’s still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid- 1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct.”意即“現(xiàn)在尚無法證實生物物理學(xué)家Luca在九十年代中期提出的理論是否正確?！?/p>

3. NG

4. T 見第六段 “Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different — such as alcohols， which smell like spirits， and thiols， which smell like rotten eggs.”“identical” 一詞是“完全相同”的意思。這句話是說alcohols和thiols的分子結(jié)構(gòu)看起來一樣，但是它們的味道卻相去甚遠。

5. Luca Turin 文章第二，三和七段均可看出Luca的理論即人類的鼻子是通過感覺氣味分子的震動來分辨氣味的。

6. Virginia 見第四段。

7. tongue 見第五段 “This molecular ’lock and key’ process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the body’s detection systems： it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders， for example， and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.”

8. the atoms 見第八段 “This would explain why isotopes can smell different： their vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier.”

9. vibration-assisted electron tunneling 見第九段 ““The question is whether this is possible in the nose，” says Stoneham’s colleague， Andrew Horsfield.” 句中的代詞“this”指句首的“vibration-assisted electron tunneling”。

10. Andrew Horsfield 見第九段結(jié)尾。

11.proper experimental verification 見第十三段。

12.their computed vibrations 見第十四段